Özkul, İskender; Karaduman, Oktay; Şimşek, Tuncay; Şimşek, Telem; Canbay, Canan Aksu; Güler, Ömer; ALMisned, Ghada; Tekin, H.O.

This study systematically investigates the influence of Cr and Mn additions on the structural, magnetic, and radiation shielding properties of NiFeGaCo-based ferromagnetic high-entropy shape memory alloys (FHESMAs) synthesized via the arc melting method. The fabricated NiFeGaCo, NiFeGaCoCr, and NiFeGaCoMn alloys were comprehensively characterized in terms of their phase formation, microstructure, martensitic transformation behavior, and magnetic performance. The results demonstrated that Mn addition significantly improved the magnetic properties, yielding the highest saturation magnetization (56.64 emu/g) and lowest coercivity (5.55 Oe), making NiFeGaCoMn highly suitable for soft magnetic applications. In contrast, Cr addition provided moderate magnetic behavior but enhanced structural stability with the largest crystallite size and lowest lattice strain. Moreover, gamma-ray and fast neutron shielding investigations revealed that the Cr-containing alloy exhibited superior performance in terms of linear attenuation coefficient, half-value layer, effective electron density, and fast neutron removal cross-section values, while Mn addition slightly reduced these shielding capabilities. It can be concluded that Cr addition offers a balanced advantage in designing FHESMAs with combined magnetic sensitivity and radiation shielding efficiency, whereas Mn addition is more effective for maximizing magnetic performance with a compromise in shielding characteristics.

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Ramzan, Muhammad; Ali, Farhan; Akkurt, Nevzat; Saeed, Anwar; Kumam, Poom; Galal, Ahmed M.

Tri-hybrid nano-particles in shear rate-dependent viscous fluid are essential for improving heat and mass transmission in many industries. The current study explores the two-dimensional flow of the Carreau-ternary hybrid nanoliquid with a magnetic field over the stretching surface. The heat transport mechanism is deliberated through the applications of thermal radiation and heat source/sink effects. The entropy minimization of the flow of Carreau ternary hybrid nanofluid has also been scrutinized. Further, the concepts of convective conditions are employed for the numerical solution of the existing model. In the present flow analysis, silver (Ag), Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), and multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanoparticles are studied. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-water) is used as a base liquid. The well-established numerical collocation finite difference scheme and three-stage Lobatto III as the built-in function of the bvp4c solver via MATLAB have been used to solve the system of equations in the form of concentration, energy, and momentum. Numerous features, such as flow speed, temperature, drag friction, and Nusselt number, are described in figures and tables. From the existing model, some key outcomes are that the rising values of the radiation parameter increased the heat transfer rates. Further, it is dissected that the greater importance of the magnetic field parameter declined the entropy generation and velocity of the liquid.

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