Investigation of Pectin Production by Ohmic Heating Assisted Extraction Method Using Different Types of Acids from Lemon Peel Powder

Depending on the developing technology, people's use of alternative heating methods is increasing. In the present study, a solution of lemon peel powder prepared with 3 different acids (sulphuric, hydrochloric, and nitric acid) was heated from 20 °C to 80 °C at a constant pH of 1.5, solid: liquid ratio (1:40), and a voltage gradient of 10 V/cm. It is aimed to investigate the change of electrical conductivity value and the effect of acid type on pectin yield at the end of 10 minutes of processing time at 80 °C extraction temperature. As a result of the experiments, the heating times of the samples in the ohmic heating-assisted extraction system varied between 199 and 252 s, and the electrical conductivity values varied between 0.89 and 2.10 S/m. In addition, the electrical conductivity value increased in 3 different acid types as the temperature value increased. Also, pectin yield values for 3 different acid types varied between 8.88% and 10.72%, and the highest pectin yield was obtained in the extraction process obtained from the solution prepared with sulfuric acid. It was determined that the use of different acid types had a significant effect on the heating time, electrical conductivity, and pectin yield (p0.05). According to the results, it has been determined that pectin extraction can be done successfully using the ohmic heating-assisted extraction system. It is expected that the data obtained from the use of current heating methods in the extraction of such products will make a serious contribution to the literature.