Demir, Veysel; Ates, Mehmet; Arslan, Zikri; Camas, Mustafa; Celik, Fatih; Bogatu, Corneliu; Can, Safak Seyhaneyildiz

The effects of alpha-iron oxide (alpha-Fe2O3) and gamma-iron oxide (gamma-Fe2O3) nanoparticles (NPs) on marine microalgae species (Nannochloropsis sp. and Isochrysis sp.) were investigated in this study. Both Fe2O3 NPs covered the surface of algae with the agglomerates of the nanoparticles. This form of physical NP toxicity significantly decreased the sizes of phytoplankton. Both NPs were toxic to the tested algal species, while alpha-Fe2O3 showed less toxicity than gamma-Fe2O3 NPs for both algal species. A comparative analysis of growth data of the two algal species treated with alpha-Fe2O3 or gamma-Fe2O3 NPs revealed that Isochrysis sp. are more sensitive than Nannochloropsis sp. Toxicity of these widely used NPs to primary producers forming the base of the food chain in aquatic environments might result in widespread adverse effects on aquatic environmental health.

AtıfWoS43·OpenAlex45

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Ates, Mehmet; Demir, Veysel; Arslan, Zikri; Daniels, James; Farah, Ibrahim O.; Bogatu, Corneliu

In this study, Artemia salina (crustacean filter feeders) larvae were used as a test model to investigate the toxicity of aluminum oxide nanoparticles (Al2O3 NPs) on marine microorganisms. The uptake, toxicity, and elimination of -Al2O3 (50 nm and 3.5 m) and -Al2O3 (5 nm and 0.4 m) NPs were studied. Twenty-four and ninety-six hour exposures of different concentrations of Al2O3 NPs to Artemia larvae were conducted in a seawater medium. When suspended in water, Al2O3 NPs aggregated substantially with the sizes ranging from 6.3 nm to >0.3 mu m for spherical NPs and from 250 to 756 nm for rod-shaped NPs. The phase contrast microscope images showed that NPs deposited inside the guts as aggregates. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analysis showed that large particles (3.5 m -Al2O3) were not taken up by Artemia, whereas fine NPs (0.4 m -Al2O3) and ultra-fine NPs (5 nm -Al2O3 and 50 nm -Al2O3) accumulated substantially. Differences in toxicity were detected as changing with NP size and morphology. The malondialdehyde levels indicated that smaller -Al2O3 (5 nm) NPs were more toxic than larger -Al2O3 (0.4 mu m) particulates in 96 h. The highest mortality was measured as 34% in 96 h for -Al2O3 NPs (5 nm) at 100 mg/L (LC50 > 100 mg/L). -Al2O3 NPs were more toxic than -Al2O3 NPs at all conditions. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 30: 109-118, 2015.

AtıfWoS65·OpenAlex84

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