Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları

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• Kitap BölümüYalnız künye2021/r/munzur/2954
  Economic and social impacts of COVID-19 on European tourism

  Kazar, Gorkemli; Kazar, Altug; Akpinar, Tuba

  European tourism has been largely disrupted by the pandemic throughout 2020. In this study, the economic and social effects of COVID-19 on the tourism sector of European countries were examined. To understand the extent of the pandemic on European tourism, policies followed by countries, physical tourism flows of the accommodation sector, tourism employment, and turnover rates were considered. The study showed that the European tourism sector, especially after the second half of 2020, was hit socially and economically by the devastating effects of the pandemic. In addition, the study revealed the necessity for radical regulations within the sector in the post-pandemic period.

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• MakaleYalnız künye2015/r/munzur/5519
  A New Approach to National Intellectural Capital Index

  Kazar, Altug; Kazar, Görkemli

  As the possibility of accessing information has expanded, it is of capital importance to evaluate this information and to transform it into an economical value. The main thesis of the study is to construct a consistent National Intellectual Capital index for the period 2008-2013 that includes further indicators and countries. The study is limited with the 118 countries that have available data. Principal Component Analysis is applied to find the appropriate weighting of the data, the indices are calculated according to these obtained weights and compared within countries. When the ratings of the countries acquired by the proposed calculation method are compared to those of World Knowledge Index, Word Knowledge Economy Index, Lin and Edvinsson (2008) and Ruiz, Navaro and Pena (2011), consistent results are attained. In addition, it is found out that the economic and social globalization have positive effects on the intellectual capital

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