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- MakaleYalnız künye2026Scopus SJRQ2Investigation of the effect of ultrasonic assisted milling and minimum quantity lubrication methods on the machinability of Hardox 500 steel
Dalgıç, Aras; Mahmat, Aybars
Hardox steel is widely used in agriculture, mining and transportation due to its mechanical properties such as high wear resistance, high impact resistance, high hardness, high durability and long life. The machinability of Hardox 500 is difficult as its high hardness and wear resistance lead to tool wear and low machining speed. Recently, various processing and cooling methods have been developed to increase machinability. Ultrasonic assisted milling (UAM), one of these methods, is a method used as an alternative to conventional milling (CM) in the milling of traditionally difficult-to-machine materials. In addition, minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) is a cooling method used to provide lubrication and cooling in the cutting area. In this study, the impacts of machining method, feed rate and spindle speed on cutting force, surface roughness and tool wear in milling of Hardox 500 steel were investigated. In the MQL method, mixtures with nano-sized SiC particles were obtained and applied to the cutting area. In the study, MQL reduced cutting forces by up to 19 %, surface roughness by 18 %, and tool wear by 30 % compared to dry machining, while UAM further decreased cutting forces by 17 %, surface roughness by 15 %, and tool wear by 12 % compared to CM. These results demonstrate that MQL and UAM significantly enhance machining performance over conventional and dry methods.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2024Scopus SJRQ3ENHANCING MILLING PERFORMANCE OF 6061 ALUMINUM ALLOY WITH NANOCUTTING FLUID AND MQL
Tosun, Nihat; Rasul, Sleman Yahya; Mahmat, Aybars; Tosun, Gul
During the machining of aluminum alloys, the adhesion of chips to the tool affects the performance characteristics. Today, different cooling systems are used to eliminate these negativities. In this study, the effects of end milling using HSS and carbide cutting tools of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy on surface roughness, chip thickness ratio and tool wear were examined using different cooling techniques (dry, minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) and nanocutting fluid). Different cutting speeds (180, 200, 220 m/min) and different feed rates (0.05, 0.06, 0.07 mm/rev) were used in the experiments. According to experimental findings, tool wear and surface roughness decreased at low cutting speed and feed rate by using nanocutting fluid with carbide cutting tools. It has been observed that the chip thickness ratio increases with high cutting speeds using nanocutting fluid and decreases with dry machining and high feed rates. The best milling performance of the aluminum alloy was achieved in experiments using carbide cutting tools and nanocutting fluid.
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İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2023Scopus SJRQ3EFFECT of the COOLING with AIR and WATER VAPOR on MILLING PERFORMANCES
Mahmat, Aybars; Tosun, Nihat; AǦar, Salih
This study aims to investigate experimentally and analytically the effects of different machining parameters such as cooling methods and cutting tool materials on surface roughness and chip thickness ratio for milling of AA7075-T6 aluminum alloy. The carbide and high-speed steel (HSS) end mills were used as cutting tools and the conventional, vapor, and compressed air were used as cooling methods in the experiments. The experiment conditions for compressed air at the cutting zone were 6 bar pressure and 30 m/s speed flow rate. A mixture of boron oil and water (1/20 mixture ratio) was used as cutting fluid in conventional cooling. The study was carried out using three levels of feed rates (20, 40, 80 mm/min), rotational speeds (780, 1330, 2440 rpm), and a constant 2 mm deep cut. As a result of the experiments, the surface roughness values increased with the increasing levels of feed rate. Besides surface roughness values decreased with increasing levels of the rotational speed. In addition, a better surface quality was obtained in milling processes by using carbide cutting tools compared to HSS tools. It was concluded that the most important parameter affecting the surface roughness and chip thickness ratio is feed rate and the rotational speed, respectively. Better surface roughness and chip thickness ratio were obtained from the vapor processing than the conventional and compressed air.
AtıfScopus2WoS1İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2022OTTOMAN MILLING FROM CLASSICAL TO MODERN TIMES
Baskutlu, Salih
This article explores flour milling in the Ottoman State from traditional grinding techniques to modern grinding technologies. Although it investigates the historical progress of flour milling in general, the study aims to draw attention to the technological transformation in the milling industry. This scope focuses on the milling types used in the Ottoman world during the premodern periods. Secondly, it uncovers its milling activities and tax policies. Then, the article examines the emergence, development, operating systems, and legal structure of steam mills concerning industrialization efforts. To this end, it studies the competition between traditional mills and steam mills, its causes, and its effects on society. The study presents drawings of the mill models based on the documents found in Ottoman State Archives and to other sources. Grinding the grains with vital importance and serving them to public consumption was one of the primary concerns of the Ottoman State. For this reason, they operated water, wind, and muscle-powered mills for a long time. The emergence of industrialization brought about steam mills with high production capacity. The Ottomans, accordingly, followed the developments carefully to provide the citizens with healthier and hygienic flour with new production models.
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