Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları

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• MakaleYalnız künye2023Scopus SJRQ2/r/munzur/1904
  Microplastic pollution in two remote rivers of Türkiye

  Gündoğdu, Sedat; Kutlu, Banu; Özcan, Tahir; Büyükdeveci, Ferhat; Blettler, Martin C. M.

  Microplastic pollution in aquatic ecosystems presents an emerging environmental threat that can have adverse effects on ecology, endanger aquatic species, and result in economic damage. Despite the numerous studies reporting the presence of microplastics in marine environments, research into their presence in freshwater systems or inland waters remains limited. This study aimed to assess the level of microplastic pollution transported by the Munzur and Pülümür Rivers and some small rivers that flow into the Uzunçayır dam lake, which is the confluence of the Munzur and Pülümür Rivers in Türkiye. Samples were collected from 23 stations, with the concentration of microplastics ranging from 0.01 MP/m3 at P-4 station to 28.21 MP/m3 at P-10, a station located near a city. Microplastics comprise four types: fiber, film, fragment, and glitter. The average size of microplastics was 1.46 ± 0.05 mm, with the average size of fibers, films, fragments, and glitter-type microplastics being 1.58 ± 0.07 mm, 1.23 ± 0.10 mm, 1.21 ± 0.11 mm, and 0.78 ± 0.16 mm, respectively. The most frequent polymers were polyethylene (31.8%), polystyrene (21.1%), and polypropylene (10.5%). Despite being considered remote and less populated rivers compared to other river systems in Türkiye, all sampling sites showed varying concentrations of microplastics.

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  AtıfScopus34·OpenAlex37

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2023Scopus SJRQ2/r/munzur/1613
  Seasonal monitoring of microbial activity using conventional approaches in a full-scale urban biological wastewater treatment plant

  Demirbilek, Deniz; İpek, Ubeyde; Yetis, Ulku

  Activated sludge processes contain various groups of microorganisms with different metabolic properties, which are responsible for contaminants removal. Therefore, it is important to elucidate the general structure and functional properties of biomass in activated sludge processes. For this purpose, a full-scale domestic biological wastewater treatment plant in Tunceli (Turkey), Tunceli WWTP (wastewater treatment plant), was monitored to observe seasonal variations in process performance and biomass properties for a year. It was observed that nitrifying bacteria developed abundantly in the rainy and cool spring season as they were suppressed in summer because their large losses took place due to an environment containing high alkalinity values. In September, aerobic heterotrophic, nitrify, denitrify, and anaerobic activities increased. It can be said that the biomass contained young and mature microorganism in this environment in which the sludge volume index (SVI) value increased to 196 mL/g. As a result of the improvement in the structural and functional properties of biomass, the nitrogen removal efficiency reached 99%. Throughout the whole study, the structural improvement observed in biomass was reflected in its removal activity. The amount of biomass and removal activity decreased with the abundance of organic matter in the influent at the period in which biomass was closer to being categorized in the aged sludge class. The results showed that as the lowest mixed liquid suspended solids (MLSS) and mixed liquid volatile suspended solids (MLVSS) values of the year were 530 and 400 mg/L, respectively, in November 2017, MLSS and MLVSS values reached the highest amount (1700 and 1400 mg/L, respectively) in December 2017 when aerobic heterotrophic activity accelerated with a decrease in organic matter level.

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  AtıfScopus7·WoS7·OpenAlex7

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2022Scopus SJRQ2/r/munzur/2614
  Health, safety, and environmental failure evaluation by hybridizing fuzzy multi-attribute decision-making methods for maritime scrubber systems

  Başhan, Veysi; Yucesan, Melih; Demirel, Hakan; Gul, Muhammet

  Many shipping companies have started using scrubbers in their fleet to eliminate sulfur emissions from ships, per IMO (International Maritime Organization) rules. Before and during the scrubbers’ selection, the scrubbers’ operational failures have also started to appear and cause serious concerns. In this study, classified scrubber types are explained and open type, closed type, and hybrid scrubber systems are evaluated. To contribute to this gap in the literature, scrubber failures were identified, five experts with different perspectives were consulted, and the most common and critical malfunctions were evaluated with the fuzzy best–worst method (F-BWM) and fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (F-TOPSIS). F-BWM was used to determine the importance weights of the risk parameters used in evaluating failures since it provides fewer comparisons among pairwise comparison–based decision-making methods and a more consistent judgment in the evaluation. F-TOPSIS, on the other hand, was used to determine the final priority scores of the scrubber failures, taking into account the risk parameter weights obtained in the first stage. It has been preferred due to its easy to useness and based on its closeness to the ideal solution and applicability to risk and failure analysis problems. Considering all different systems in general, important issues such as collection efficiency, sulfur emission problem, abrasion, leakages, pump failures, heat exchanger failures, air fan sealing failures, sensors and failures in monitoring the whole system have been investigated. Results show that too high axial velocity for separator and flooded separator, too high solids concentration in recirculation liquid (SF2), piping leakages (SF5), poor quality or inappropriate consumables and chemicals (SF11), and feed circulation pump problems (SF6) are found to be the most important problems among thirteen failures.

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  AtıfScopus23·OpenAlex23

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• MakaleYalnız künye2020Scopus SJRQ2/r/munzur/3227
  Temporal and seasonal variations in phytoplankton community structure in Uzuncayir Dam Lake (Tunceli, Turkey)

  Kutlu, Banu; Aydın, Rahmi; Danabas, Durali; Serdar, Osman

  Seasonal variations in species composition and growth dynamics of phytoplankton in Uzuncayir Dam Lake (Tunceli, Turkey) were studied in relation to ecological factors by collecting horizontal water and phytoplankton samples for over a year. A total of 46 phytoplankton taxa were recorded, where Bacillariophyta was the most abundant in species number representing 24 taxa. Diatoms were the most conspicuous phytoplankton in terms of abundance as well as occurrence frequency. Charophyta, Chlorophyta, Cyanobacteria, Ochrophyta, Miozoa, and Euglenozoa were the least abundant. However, some Diatoms (Gyrosigma attenuatum, Hippodonta hungarica, Meridion circulare, Nitzschia clausii, Nitzschia frustulum, Pantocsekiella ocellata, Rhoicosphenia abbreviata), Charophytes (Cosmarium granatum, Mougeotiopsis calospora), Cyanobacteria (Leiblenia epiphytica, Planktothrix agardhii); Dinoflagellates (Ceratium hirundinella, Parvodinium africanum, Parvodinium inconspicuum, Peridinium cinctum), and Ochrophyta (Dinobryon pediforme) were also noticeable, with their occurrence in all seasons. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were employed to analyze the relationship between occurrence and abundance of phytoplankton species as well as the ecological factors. The results showed that pH and the concentrations of NH4, NO3, and PO4 influenced seasonal occurrence and abundance of phytoplankton species in the lake. Uzuncayir Dam Lake may be classified as an oligotrophic lake with the mean value of nitrate 2.62 mg L−1 and phosphate 0.23 mg L−1 as supported by the occurrence of various phytoplankton groups. Findings related to pollution indices yielded that Uzuncayir Dam Lake is on the edge of the moderate state of organic pollution.

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  AtıfScopus26·WoS15·OpenAlex23

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• MakaleYalnız künye2014Scopus SJRQ1/r/munzur/4662
  Ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in surface sediments of northern littoral zone of Lake Cildir, Ardahan, Turkey

  Kükrer, Serkan; Seker, Sebahat; Abaci, Z. Tugba; Kutlu, Banu

  In this paper, the heavy metal levels (Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Mn, Fe, As, Cd, Cr, Hg), organic carbon, and chlorophyll degradation products were studied to prove their ecological effects in Lake CA +/- ldA +/- r, where fossil fuels are used as an energy source in the studied area for most of the year, and domestic waste from settlements is discharged directly into the lake. Sediment samples were collected from six sites on the northern shore of CA +/- ldA +/- r Lake, Turkey in November 2012. Enrichment (EF) and contamination factor (CF) values were determined, and Pollution Load (PLI) and Potential Ecological Risk (PER) indices were calculated. Average concentrations of heavy metals in the sediments were, in descending order, Fe > Mn > Zn > Ni > Cr > Cu > Pb > As > Cd > Hg, respectively. According to mean values, the source of these elements may be considered natural due to lack of enrichment in Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, and Cr in the sediment samples. Regarding enrichment of As, Cd, Mn, and Hg, the highest EF belongs to Hg. PLI and PER values indicate there are moderate ecological risk in the lake.

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  AtıfWoS97·OpenAlex102

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2013Scopus SJRQ2/r/munzur/4611
  Characterization and pollution potential assessment of Tunceli, Turkey municipal solid waste open dumping site leachates

  Demirbilek, Deniz; Önal, Ayten Oztufekci; Demir, Veysel; Uslu, Gulsad; Arslanoglu-Isik, Hilal

  Environmental monitoring of leachate quality from an open municipal solid waste dumping site in Tunceli, Turkey was studied in this research. The most commonly examined pollution parameters were determined on a seasonal basis. The annual average 5-day biological oxygen demand (BOD5) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) values of station points were measured as 70 and 425 mg/L, respectively, and also the average BOD5/COD ratio (a measure of biodegradability) was calculated as 0.20. The low ratio of biodegradability and slightly alkaline pH values in the leachate samples indicated that the site was characterized by methanogenic conditions. The mean ammonium-nitrogen (NH4 (+)-N) and corresponding phosphate (orthophosphate) values were assayed as 70 and 11 mg/L, respectively. The average solids content in the leachates was measured as 4,681 mg/L (total solids) and 144 mg/L (suspended solids). Very low concentrations of iron, manganese, copper, and zinc in the leachate samples were found and the concentration of cadmium was measured below detection limits. Excessive amount of nutrients and high organic and inorganic pollutant content in the leachates pose serious pollution potential to the environment. Since no drainage system or bio treatment exists in this open dumping site, high permeability of natural soil at the site and in the surrounding area and very fractured and crackled rocks under natural soil are indicators of high groundwater pollution potential in this site.

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  AtıfWoS23·OpenAlex21

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