Geochemistry of the metavolcanic rocks from the Çangaldağ complex in the central pontides: Implications for the middle jurassic arc-back-arc system in the neotethyan intra-pontide ocean

The Cangaldağ Complex in northern central Turkey is one of the main tectonic units of the Central Pontide Structural Complex that represents the remains of the poorly known Intra-Pontide branch of the Neotethys. It comprises low-grade metamorphic rocks of intrusive, extrusive, and volcaniclastic origin displaying a wide range of felsic to mafic compositions. Petrographically the complex consists of basalts-andesites-rhyodacites and tuffs with minor amount of gabbros and diabases. On the basis of geochemistry, the Cangaldağ samples are of subalkaline character and represented by both primitive and evolved members. All rock types are variably depleted in Nb compared to LREEs, similar to the lavas from subduction-related tectonic settings. In N-MORB normalized plots, the primitive members are separated into 3 groups on the basis of levels of enrichment. The first group is highly depleted and displays characteristics of boninitic lavas. The second group is relatively enriched compared to the first group but still more depleted than N-MORB. The third group, however, is the most enriched one among the three, whose level of enrichment is around that of N-MORB. The overall geochemical features suggest that the Cangaldağ Complex has been generated with the involvement of a subductionmodified mantle source. The chemistry of the primitive members further indicates that the melts generated for the formation of the Cangaldağ Complex probably occurred in both arc and back-arc regions above an intraoceanic subduction within the Intra-Pontide branch of the Neotethys.