Optimization of Meristem Culture to Obtain Virus-Free Clonal Basic Material of Grape Cultivars; [Virüsten Ari Klonal Üzüm Çeşitlerine Ait Baz Materyal Eldesinde Mersitem Kültürünün Optimizasyonu]

The main purpose of this study was to obtain a clone free from viruses and virus-like diseases to rapidly reproduce these clones. Meristems were extracted and cultured for the production of the base material for the Kalecik Karası number 4 and 23-2 clones. After the explants formed shoots, the effects of 12 dissimilar auxin (IBA) and cytokine (2İP and BAP) concentrations on the growth of the root and plant were investigated. In the meristem stage clones showed a 60 % and 80 % viability rate. In the rooting stage, it was determined that shoot formation and leaf numbers were higher in the Kalecik Karası clone number 23-2 and the 1.0 mg. L-1 IBA+0.5 mg. L-1 BAP/2 IP concentration showed the highest shoot formation and leaf number value. The highest callus levels were determined as 0.43 cm for clone number 4 and 0.72 cm for clone number 23-2. M S (Murashige & Skoog) with 2mg. L-1 IBA showed the highest rooting value. The longest root values were 3.47 cm with 1mg. L-1 IBA for clone number 4, and 3.90 cm with 0.5mg L-1 IBA for clone number 23-2.