Evaluation of pull-out and push-out relationship for the flat and ribbed reinforcements in concrete with different compressive strengths

To evaluate the performance of anchors in strengthening an existing building or to estimate the remaining service life of an existing building due to corrosion in reinforcements within the scope of academic studies, adherence tests, mostly based on pull-out are preferred. However, pull-out tests have a low usability rate and need to be more laborious in accordance with push-out tests. In this study, it is aimed to show the usability of push-out test instead of pull-out test and to reveal an empirical equation to determine the relationship between these two adherence tests on reinforced concrete samples. Within the scope of this study, dozens of bond tests were performed on reinforced 100×100×100 mm cube specimens with different concrete strengths, using flat and ribbed reinforcement types to represent existing structures. Predicted equations for these tests were very usable for estimation of pull-out strength from push-out test results.