Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ4/r/munzur/1457
  The microbiological and sensory quality of fish (Cyprinus carpio) meatballs prepared with different essential oils; [La calidad microbiológica y sensorial de las albóndigas de pescado (Cyprinus carpio) elaboradas con diferentes aceites esenciales]

  KARATON-KUZGUN, Nermin; ȘAHÎN, Seher

  In this study, the shelf life of fish meatballs made from common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and flavoured with lemon, ginger and mint essential oils was investigated under refrigeration conditions (4 ± 1 °C). In the study, fish mince obtained from common carp was mixed with breadcrumbs, cumin, salt, black pepper, allspice, garlic powder, sweet paprika and sunflower oil to form the experimental control group, whilst the remaining fish mince was mixed with essential oils to form four different groups. The fish meatballs were stored under refrigeration conditions, and microbiological and sensory analyses were conducted on the analysis days. As a result of these analyses, the shelf life of the fish meatballs was determined to be 20 days. Microbiologically, the limit value (6 log CFU/g) for total mesophilic aerobic bacteria was exceeded in Group control patty samples on the 10th day of storage, in Group ginger and mint patty samples on the 15th day, and in Group lemon patty samples on the 20th day. The evaluation of sensory analyses also revealed that the group of fish cake samples receiving the highest sensory approval was the group to which lemon essential oil had been added. It was concluded that offering fish-based meatballs created by adding essential oils which are natural additives in a variety of flavours would broaden the product range, further encourage consumption, and contribute to the shelf life of the resulting products.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ4/r/munzur/902
  Effectiveness of organic tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) extracts added to yeast Cell Culture against H2O2 Toxicity; [Eficácia de extratos de tomate orgânicos adicionados à cultivos de células de levadura contra la toxicidad por H2O2]

  Gonayli, Selahattin; Temizer, Ibrahim Akin; Aydin, Sevinq; Kirmizikaya, Gorkem; Okutan, Tuba; Yilmaz, Okke$

  Growing tomatoes in season and organically are an important factor in terms of carrying higher levels of antioxidant molecules. This study aimed to demonstrate the protective effect of extracts obtained from naturally grown tomatoes, which are widely used as food, against oxidative damage caused by hydrogen peroxide on yeast cells (Saccharomyces cerevisiae L.). Lipophilic vitamins, phytosterol content, gluathione and oxidised gluathione content were analyzed by Shimadzu brand high performance liquid chromatography, while fatty acid analysis was performed by Shimadzu GC 2010 Plus Gas Chromatography. Protein content was analyzed spectrophotometrically. The study groups were designed as control, hydrogen peroxide, tomato and tomato + hydrogen peroxide. In all groups added with hydrogen peroxide and tomato extract compared to the hydrogen peroxide group; it was observed that vitamin D2, α-Tocopherol, β-Sitosterol and Stigmasterol contents increased significantly. Again, it was observed that ergosterol level increased significantly in the D + hydrogen peroxide group compared to the hydrogen peroxide group. When the fatty acid analysis results were examined, it was determined that in all groups added to the cultured yeast with hydrogen peroxide and tomato extracts (except the B + hydrogen peroxide group), there were increases in 16:0, 16:1, n-7, 17:0, 17:1 and 18:0 fatty acid levels compared to the hydrogen peroxide group. On the other hand, when its effect on protein and gluathione levels was examined, more significant increases were determined in all groups with tomato extract addition compared to the hydrogen peroxide group. At the end of the study, it was observed that tomato extracts had positive effects against hydrogen peroxide toxicity in yeast cells, although at different levels in terms of fatty acid, vitamin and phytosterol contents.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ4/r/munzur/629
  Protective effects of Sodium Tetraborate on fatty acid profiles in rat hearts subject to Lead toxicity; [Efecto protector del tetraborato de sodio sobre los perfiles de ácidos grasos en el corazon de ratas, expuestas a toxicidad por plomo]

  Aydin, Sevinç

  This study was designed to observe the effects of sodium tetraborate on preventing lead metal toxicity damage to fatty acids in rat heart tissue. After the heart tissues were homogenized with Tris-HCl buffer, the separated pellet part was prepared for fatty acid analysis. The fatty acids in the obtained lipid extract were converted to methyl ester form and analyzed with SHIMADZU GC 2010 PLUS gas chromatography. When comparing the lead group with the lead + sodium tetraborate group, partial increases were observed in saturated fatty acid levels such as myristic acid (14:0), pentadecanoic acid (15:0), and palmitic acid (16:0), while varying increases were seen in some monounsaturated fatty acid levels such as palmitoleic acid (16:1, n-7), and oleic acid (18:1, n-9). Moreover, demonstrated varying levels of increases in all polyunsaturated fatty acids excluding the arachidonic acid (20:4, n-6) and adrenic acid (22:4, n-6) fatty acids. As the most notable fatty acid change in our study, arachidonic acid (20:4, n-6) fatty acid increasing in the lead group while decreasing in the sodium tetraborate group demonstrates that sodium tetraborate decreased the negative effects of oxidative stress on fatty acids. The results of this study provide supporting evidence for the potential use of sodium tetraborate in drug design to prevent the toxic effects of lead.

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• MakaleYalnız künye2025Scopus SJRQ4/r/munzur/4369
  Detection of PRRS virus in housefly (Musca domestica) in a pig farm in ofPontastacusleptodactylus

  Noh-Cuxim, Gladys; Ayora-Talavera, Guadalupe

  sid esr le sed direcly orin irectlyo theenvironment auseporcine ser us respiratoryproblem inandn ture reproductDMT iveres dues syndromemixed withvirus ein quatic environment adverse ly affect aquat c organisms and housefly (Musca domestica) in a pig farm. To know the porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus circulation in the iseffectiscarredtohumansthroughhefoodchainInhis farm, 1277 blood samples, and 26 samples of oral fluids from udy oxidative stress response induced by DMT pesticide n ccontasta us leptoda tylus were nvestigated For this purpose, pigs housed in pens were taken to detect the nucleic acid of the porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus using real xidativestress and antioxidantparametersThiobarbiuric acid time RT-PCR test. Three-hundred flies were collected, using an entomological net, and 50 samples of 6 flies each were formed activesubstance(TBARS),Glutathione(GSH), Superoxide smuase (SOD),catalase(CAT) andglutathionepeoxidase Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. From the sera tested, 95.74% (1224/1277) were positive in the ELISA test. 17535and70mgL1concetratonsat24and96hours ereinvestgated. ResultsweedeterminedusngELISAkits syndrome virus was detected in 34.6% (9/26) of the oral fluids iso significat differencewasobservedinGSHlvelandSOD PCR test allowed detecting of the porcine respiratory and

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• MakaleYalnız künye2025Scopus SJRQ4/r/munzur/4200
  The profile of fatty acids in the gametes of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) ofduring the spawning period under culture conditions

  Kocabas, Mehmet; Kutluyer-Kocabas, Filiz; Basçinar, Nadir; Özçiçek, Esin; Kirmizikaya-Özmen, Gorkem; Yilmaz, Okkes

  The fertilization and subsequently embryo and larvae development are linked to gamete quality and FA (fatty acid) content is one of the specific factors affecting egg or sperm quality. Hence, FA profile of gametes (egg and sperm) was documented in brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) under cultivation. FAs were detected and measured using gas chromatography. These results indicated that a total of 26 and 22 FAs were determined in egg and sperm, respectively. The levels of PUFAs were determined in nearly identical quantities in both egg (47.57%) and sperm (47.53%). DHA (Docosahexaenoic acid), LA (Linoleic acid), EPA (Eicosapentaenoic acid) and ARA (Arachidonic acid) were predominant PUFAs for egg and sperm. Interestingly, vaccenic acid (C18:1 n-11) (24.07%) was major FAs in egg. In conclusion, the analysis of fatty acids in broodstock gametes contributes valuable insights into the dietary requirements necessary for effective aquaculture breeding programs.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2025Scopus SJRQ4/r/munzur/2235
  Comparison between traditional models and artificial neural networks as estimators of the growth of the Tigris scraper Capoeta umbla (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) in the Munzur River, Turkey; [Comparación entre modelos tradicionales y redes neuronales artificiales como estimadores del crecimiento del raspador del Tigris Capoeta umbla (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) en el río Munzur, Turquía]

  Ozcan, Ebru Ifakat; Serdar, Osman

  In this study, a comparison of traditional growth methods (lengthweight relationships and von Bertalanffy growth function) with artificial neural networks in growth models was carried out in the growth of 783 specimens of Capoeta umbla from the Munzur River, Turkey from September 2019 to May 2021. The lengthweight relationships of C. umbla W = 0.0085L3.013 R2=0.943 was determined for all individuals. The ages of the specimens were from 0 to 11 years old. The von Bertalanffy growth function was Lt = 46.15 [1-e-0.139 (t + 2.57)] and Wt = 856.32 [1-e-0.139 (t + 2.57)]3.013 for all individuals. Ф’ value was 2.471 all individuals. The training stopped and the best validation performance was fixed at 8.1473 × 10-5 at epoch 42. The validation checks were reached as 6, at epoch 48 and the gradient = 5.6566 × 10-5, at epoch 48. The target output R value was 0.98584 for training, 0.98969 for validation, 0.98757 for testing and 0.9868 for all. The calculated MAPE values were 0.140 and 0.578 for artificial neural networks, 1.168 and 2.726 for length–weight relationships, 5.721 and 4.013 for von Bertalanffy growth function, respectively. The calculated SSE values for length and weight were 0.0128 and 30.864 for artificial neural networks, 1.3985 and 350.786 for length–weight relationships. The results of the present show that artificial neural networks can be superior estimators than length–weight relationships and von Bertalanffy growth function. Therefore, artificial neural networks models are an effective tool to describe body weight and length in fish.

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• MakaleYayıncıda açık erişim2025Scopus SJRQ4/r/munzur/2227
  The effect of Dimethoate on oxidative stress and antioxidant responses of Pontastacus leptodactylus; [El efecto del dimetoato sobre el estrés oxidativo y las respuestas antioxidantes de Pontastacus leptodactylus]

  Aydın, Ayşe Nur; Bulut, Hilal; Serdar, Osman

  Dimethoate (DMT) pesticide is one of the chemicals used to protect some agricultural areas from harmful organisms. DMT residues released directly or indirectly to the environment cause serious problems in nature. DMT residues mixed with the aquatic environment adversely affect aquatic organisms and this effect is carried to humans through the food chain. In this study, oxidative stress responses induced by DMT pesticide in Pontastacus leptodactylus were investigated. For this purpose, oxidative stress and antioxidant parameters Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), Glutathione (GSH), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) caused by dimethoate (DMT) pesticide in P. leptodactylus at 17.5, 35, and 70 mg·L-1 concentrations at 24 and 96 hours were investigated. Results were determined using ELISA kits. No significant difference was observed in GSH levels and SOD activities compared to control. Statistically significant differences were observed between decreases in CAT and GPx activities and increases in TBARS levels. SPSS 24.0 package program one–way ANOVA (Duncan 0.05) was used in the evaluation of biochemical analyzes. As a result, it was determined that DMT caused oxidative stress formation in P. leptodactylus and caused changes in enzyme activities.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2025Scopus SJRQ4/r/munzur/2208
  The effect of the pesticide Klaxon on the oxidative stress and the antioxidant responses of the Zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha); [El efecto del pesticida Klaxon sobre el estrés oxidativo y las respuestas antioxidantes del mejillón cebra (Dreissena polymorpha)]

  Ozcan, Ebru Ifakat

  Klaxon pesticide represents a novel generation of insecticide employed in the control of diseases, pests and weeds in select agricultural regions. Pesticides that enter the aquatic environment indirectly have a detrimental impact on the organisms that inhabit this environment, and humans are ultimately exposed to these chemicals through the food chain. The present study investigated the toxicity of the klaxon pesticide in Dreissena polymorpha, a suitable bioindicator of water pollution, through the analysis of oxidative stress and metabolic biomarkers. The effects of klaxon at concentrations of 0.01, 0.15 and 0.30 mg·L-1 on oxidative stress and antioxidant changes in D. polymorpha were determined over a 24 – and 96–hour period. Enzyme–linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were employed to quantify the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) and thiobarbituric acid (TBARS), as well as to assess the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH). ELISA kits were used to determine results. Statistical evaluation of biomarker analyzes was performed using the SPSS 24.0 package program one–way ANOVA (Duncan 0.05) test. Significant decreases in GSH levels (P<0.05); significant increases in TBARS levels (P<0.05) were observed. Significant decreases (P<0.05) in SOD, CAT and GPx activities were observed. Considering the study data, it was determined that the klaxon pesticide penetrating the body of the living organism caused oxidative stress and changes in enzyme activities in D. polymorpha.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2025Scopus SJRQ4/r/munzur/2200
  Effects of chlorpyrifos on the freshwater mussel Unio elongatulus eucirrus (Bourguignat, 1860), with a focus on neurotoxicity and oxidative stress responses; [Efectos del clorpirifos en el mejillón de agua dulce Unio elongatulus eucirrus (Bourguignat, 1860), con especial atención a la neurotoxicidad y las respuestas al estrés oxidativo]

  Zorlar, Faruk; Şeker, Engin; Pala, Ayşegül

  This study set out to investigate the effects of the organophosphate insecticide chlorpyrifos (CPF) on certain biochemical parameters of the freshwater mussel Unio elongatulus eucirrus. Mussels were exposed to varying concentrations of CPF (10, 20, and 40 μg·L-1) for duration of 96 hours. Samples were collected from the mussels at the 24th and 96th hours of the experiment. The results indicated that exposure to CPF concentrations led to a decline in the activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities and, accompanied by an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA), and decreased reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in mussels. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that CPF caused AChE inhibition, formation of oxidative stress, and negative effects on certain antioxidant parameters in the freshwater mussel U. elongatulus eucirrus.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2025Scopus SJRQ4/r/munzur/1905
  Protective effect of Momordica charantia against Hepatorenal toxicity induced by Potassium bromate (KBrO3) in rats; [Efecto protector de Momordica charantia contra la toxicidad hepatorrenal inducida por el bromato de potasio (KBrO3) en ratas]

  Karagözoğlu, Fatma; Uyar, Ahmet; Akkoyun, Hurrem Turan; Altun, Serdar; Akkoyun, Mahire Bayramoğlu; Aydin, Sevinç; Melek, Sule; Bengü, Aydın Şükrü; Ekin, Suat; Bakir, Ahmet

  This study aims to evaluate the effects of Momordica charantia on hepatorenal toxicity caused by potassium bromate (KBrO3) in rats. Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups as control, KBrO3, bitter melon (MC), and KBrO3+MC. Examining the antioxidant enzyme grade of the kidney tissues, it was found that the enzyme activities of catalase (CAT) (P<0.05), glutathione peroxidase (GSH–Px) (P<0.01), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (P<0.01) decreased in the KBrO3 group in comparison to the control. There was a significant decrease (P<0.001) in glutathione (GSH) levels and an increase (P<0.01) in malondialdehyde (MDA) level in the KBrO3 group in comparison to the control. Examining the antioxidant enzyme activities in liver tissue, it was determined that CAT, GSH–Px, and SOD enzymes reduced significantly (P<0.05, P<0.01, and P<0.001, respectively) in the KBrO3 group in comparison to the control, and the enzyme activity of decreased CAT, GSH–Px, and SOD enzymes significantly elevated (P<0.01) in the MC group. There was a reduction in GSH level in the KBrO3 group in comparison to the control (P<0.01), while an increase was recorded in the KBrO3+MC group (P<0.05). MDA level in liver tissue increased in KBrO3 group in comparison to the control (P<0.01) and MC decreased the MDA level. Histopathological analysis results indicate severe degenerative and necrotic lesions in hepatorenal histoarchitecture of KBrO3 rats in comparison to the control. However, application of MC+KBrO3 significantly reduced the induced hepatorenal injury with a concomitant increase in histopathological lesions. From the immunohistochemical aspect, MC revealed apoptosis concomitant with the suppression of necrosis in the KBrO3-treated rats as demonstrated by the caspase-3 activity.

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