Sarı, Sacit

The main objective of this study is to analyze the effect of demographic factors on public health expenditures in the Turkish economy for the period between 1980 and 2021. Time series methods are employed in this analysis. The stationarity of the variables is tested with the conventional unit root test, while Zivot-Andrews unit root test is employed to identify potential structural breaks in the data. The existence of long-run relationships between non-stationary variables is investigated using the ARDL bounds test method. According to the analysis results, a persistent and statistically significant association exists between public health expenditures and GDP, contingent upon variables such as the old dependent population ratio, urbanization, and population. While increases in national product decrease public health expenditures, increases in demographic variables cause an overall rise in total public health expenditures. Increasing life expectancy, changing demographic structure, urbanization, and advances in medical technology have significantly increased health expenditures. Policymakers must establish strategies to boost the representation of the private sector in the health market if public health spending is to be sustainable and efficient.

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Cevher, Muhammed Fatih

One of the biggest crises in human history; The new coronavirus (COVID-19) which has transformed into a global crisis by affecting people in economic, social and health terms, was reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019. It quickly started to appear in other countries between December 2019 and February 2020. Many negative situations were observed, such as isolation and quarantine, breaks in the supply chain, interruption of education and online education, food and health. Since the period when the crisis was felt intensely, countries formed both national and international cooperation strategies. It is seen that one of the strategies created to reduce the spread of COVID-19 and soften the crisis environment is social marketing. Drawing attention to the importance of social marketing reveals the purpose of the study. The study examines the definition of social marketing, literature review, COVID-19 pandemic; It has been prepared as a compilation article in order to compare, evaluate and interpret the studies on social marketing. It is thought that the Ministry of Health has successfully carried out the pandemic process with social marketing practices. It is thought that the studies to be carried out in the field of social marketing can be supported by qualitative and quantitative analyzes and contribute to new studies in the field of consumer behavior.

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