The Surface Decays in Stone Walls

Stone is the longest lasting building material used throughout the ages. However, it is seen that the stone material also deteriorated over time. In this study, first of all, the structural features that affect the use of the stone are mentioned. How the stone is formed determines its technical properties. These technical features form the necessary parameters to decide where and under which conditions the stone will be used. When this process cannot be determined, the decay of the stone can ocur more easily. In the study, after the determination of the technical properties of the stone, the types of degradation that cause the destruction of the stone are mentioned. In the examination of stone weathering types, the subject is discussed under two main headings as internal structure of the stone and external factors. In this context, the decay caused by the internal structure of the stone has been discussed with its mineralogical properties, Grain and crystal structure, chemical and physical properties due to the stone formation. As the second cause of decay, external factors are also considered as physical, physico-chemical effects and mechanical effects, as well as effects related to humans, plants and animals, were transferred by sampling.