Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ3/r/munzur/4586
  Investigation of Dielectric Constant and Electrical Conductivity of Poly(MA-co-MMA)/Ce(NO3)3 Composites by Response Surface Methodology for Advanced Dielectric Applications

  Torgut, Gulben; Incesu, Rabia

  In this study, poly(maleic anhydride-co-methyl methacrylate) [poly(MA-co-MMA)] copolymer and their Ce(NO3)3-filled composites were synthesized and systematically investigated. The copolymer was prepared via free radical polymerization using azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as the initiator in 1,4-dioxane medium. Poly(MA-co-MMA)/Ce(NO3)3 composites were fabricated through a solution mixing technique in accordance with the response surface methodology (RSM) design. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results indicated that no significant chemical interaction occurred between the polymer molecule and Ce(NO3)3 particles. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images revealed a relatively uniform dispersion of Ce(NO3)3 particles within the polymer, resulting in a rougher surface with increasing filler content and that aggregation occurs at 20 wt%. The presence of Ce(NO3)3 particles in the polymer was confirmed by x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The effects of frequency, applied voltage, and Ce(NO3)3 content on dielectric constant (epsilon) and electrical conductivity (sigma) were optimized using RSM, and the significance of these parameters was evaluated by analysis of variance (ANOVA). An increase in Ce(NO3)3 content significantly enhanced the electrical conductivity, while the applied voltage exhibited no statistically significant effect on dielectric properties. ANOVA results identified Ce(NO3)3 content as the most influential parameter in the developed model.

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• MakaleYalnız künye2026Scopus SJRQ3/r/munzur/977
  Sensitive Electrochemical Analysis of Gentamicin Sulfate in Eye Solution

  Ekşi, Osman; İpek, Yeliz; Koçak, Berna

  In this study, for the first time, chromium (III) oxide-glutardialdehyde modified boron-doped diamond electrode (Cr2O3-GA2/BDDE) was used as a sensor for the electrochemical analysis of gentamicin sulfate. The Cr2O3-GA2 suspension used in electrode modification was physically coated on the BDD electrode by a simple drop-casting method. Characterization of Cr2O3-GA2 used in the modification was made by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and the electrochemical method. The behavior of gentamicin sulfate on Cr2O3-GA2/BDDE was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV), and its electrochemical analysis was done by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Electrochemical analysis of gentamicin sulfate on Cr2O3-GA2/BDDE was carried out in a pH 9 Britton–Robinson (BR) buffer by the DPV method. The linear working range of gentamicin sulfate on Cr2O3-GA2/BDDE was calculated as 5.96 × 10−6−6.54 × 10−5mol L−1, and the correlation coefficient was calculated as 0.997. The limit of detection (LOD) was found to be 2.84 × 10−6. mol L−1. Additionally, Genta, a 3% eye/ear drop solution, was preferred to determine the applicability of gentamicin sulfate in a commercial formulation. As a result, it was shown that the method developed on Cr2O3-GA2/BDDE for the determination of gentamicin sulfate can be applied to commercial drugs.

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• MakaleYalnız künye2026Scopus SJRQ3/r/munzur/830
  Optimization and Modeling of Brilliant Yellow Removal Via Neodymium-Infused Polymeric Hydrogel: A Central Composite Design Study

  Pıhtılı Yıldız, Güzin; Tanyol, Mehtap; Demir, Ferhat

  This study investigates the adsorption performance of a neodymium (III)-reinforced Poly(acrylamide-co-N-vinylimidazole) hydrogel composite [P(AAm-co-NVI)/Nd3+] for the removal of brilliant yellow (BY) dye from aqueous media. The hydrogel structure and metal–polymer interactions were characterized using FT-IR, TGA, SEM, and XRD analyses. The adsorption process was systematically optimized using a central composite design (CCD) approach combined with response surface methodology (RSM). The CCD-RSM second-order model exhibited a good fit to the experimental data (R2 = 0.9350), as supported by ANOVA. Numerical optimization revealed a maximum removal efficiency of 99.13% at a hydrogel dosage of 0.08 g/100 mL, an initial BY concentration of 81.68 mg/L, and a contact time of 61.73 min. Langmuir and the Freundlich isotherms were used in modeling the adsorption data. When the correlation coefficients of both models were compared, it was observed that the Langmuir isotherm provided a better fit for adsorption. The enhanced adsorption performance is attributed to the presence of Nd3+ ions, which promote additional electrostatic interactions and coordination sites between the hydrogel matrix and anionic dye molecules. The results demonstrate that Nd3+-reinforced hydrogels can serve as efficient and tunable adsorbent systems, particularly when process parameters are optimized statistically.

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• MakaleYalnız künye2025Scopus SJRQ3/r/munzur/968
  Eco-Friendly and Practical Electrochemical Determination of Lactic Acid in Milk Using Boron Doped Diamond Electrode

  İpek, Yeliz.; Koçak, Berna; Keçeci, Ali

  In this study, an economical, environmentally friendly, sensitive, selective, and rapid voltammetric quantitative analysis method was developed using a boron doped diamond electrode to determine lactic acid (LA). Two linear working ranges were determined for LA determination in phosphate buffer solution (PBS, pH of 2). The first linear working range (LR1) was between concentrations of 1.5 × 10−6–8 × 10−6 mol· L−1, with a detection limit of 1.3 × 10−6 mol·L−1, and the limit of quantification (LOQ) was found to be 4.4 µmol· L−1. The second linear working range (LR2) was determined in the concentration range of 8.0–89.2 µmol·L−1. LOD was calculated as 15.8 µmol·L−1, and the LOQ value was calculated as 52.6 µmol·L−1 in the LR2. Intraday repeatability of the BDD electrode for LA determination was (RSD) 6.8% in LR1 and 11.8% in LR2. The interday repeatabilities of the BDD electrode in LR1 and LR2 were calculated as 7.7% and 4.7%, respectively. The developed electrochemical sensor was successfully applied for the determination of LA in milk sample. The sensor exhibited a short response time of about 10 s in PBS at pH 2. The recovery values of LA in PBS and milk sample were 97.3% and 96.1%, respectively.

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• MakaleYalnız künye2025Scopus SJRQ3/r/munzur/890
  Cotton Fabric and Polypropylene Fabrics Treated with Synthesized Zinc Diborate

  İpek, Yeliz; Ertekin, Özlem

  Cotton fabrics and polypropylene fabrics are mostly used fabrics in many areas. Zn(B4O7) powder was synthesized with a sequential wet precipitation and sintering method. Focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) figures and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) mapping results showed that zinc diborate was highly and homogeneously adsorbed on the surface of the treated fabrics. When differential thermal analysis (DTA) results were examined, heat release seemed to decrease by 0.71 kJ g−1, 0.61 kJ g−1, and 0.46 kJ g−1for cotton fabric treated with zinc diborate (C-117-ZB), polypropylene fabric (20 g m−2) treated with zinc diborate (PP-20-ZB), and polypropylene fabric (65 g m−2) treated with zinc diborate (PP-65-ZB), respectively. According to vertical burning test, burning rates of cotton fabric (C‒117), C‒117‒ZB, polypropylene fabric (PP‒65), PP‒65‒ZB, polypropylene fabric (PP‒20), and PP‒20‒ZB were calculated as 3.25 cm s−1, 1.93 cm s−1, 0.75 cm s−1, 0.36 cm s−1, 0.88 cm s−1, and 0.71 cm s−1, respectively. Heat releases and burning rate decreases were in good agreement for all treated fabrics. Also breaking strengths of both fabric types were improved. The washing test exhibited that the amount of zinc diborate powder on the cotton fabric sample was released by 25.49% while PP-65-ZB and PP-20-ZB fabrics released about 90% by weight of adsorbed powder. Although improvement was observed in the fire resistance of PP fabrics, antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus could not be achieved. However, antibacterial activity was provided only for the cotton fabric.

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• MakaleYalnız künye2024Scopus SJRQ3/r/munzur/2106
  Functionalized and Ag-Loaded Nano-Delivery System for Doxorubicin: Loading, Controlled Release and Kinetic Studies

  Aydogdu, Burcu; Kaplan Ince, Olcay; Ince, Muharrem; Unal, Ilkay

  Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) that functionalized and loaded Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) were investigated to adsorp doxorubicin hydrochloride (DXR). DXR release behavior efficiency was determined using kinetic studies. DXR agent was treated into fMWCNTs@AgNPs material with different drug loading rates. The material was successfully established and characterized using transmission electron microscopy, and fourier transform–infrared spectroscopy. Thermogravimetric analysis was performed to elucidate the effect of temperature on mass loss and X-ray diffraction analysis was systematically assessed the crystalline state of DXR. Various kinetic models including Higuchi, Baker Hixson-Crowell, and power-law were applied. It was revealed that DXR has more binding affinity to the fMWCNTs@AgNPs material system surface as a nanocarrier at pH 7.4 and showed more release at pH 5.0. Functionalized material confirmed its efficiency as pH-based drug delivery system. Used material can be utilized as promising nanocarriers, and findings will contribute to the rational design of novel delivery tools for drugs.

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• MakaleYalnız künye2024Scopus SJRQ3/r/munzur/2003
  Biogenic Silver and Zinc Enhanced MWCNTs: Nano-Decoration, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Effect

  Ünal, İlkay

  In this study, acid-treated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were decorated with silver (Ag), zinc (Zn), and Ag@Zn nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized using plant extract for reducing and stabilizing NPs. The nanocomposites were characterized by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The stability of functionalized MWCNTs (f-MWCNTs) and NP-decorated MWCNTs was visually evaluated for seven days in ethanol. The antimicrobial efficacy against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus), Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli) bacteria, and fungi (Candida albicans) was determined using the agar well diffusion assay. Results indicated that Ag-MWCNTs and Ag@Zn-MWCNTs nanocomposites exhibited superior antimicrobial activity against P. aeruginosa and C. albicans compared to other tested microorganisms. Conversely, f-MWCNTs and Zn-MWCNTs showed no antimicrobial effects.

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• MakaleYalnız künye2024Scopus SJRQ3/r/munzur/1727
  The RSM-CCD Optimization of Fenton Process for Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Determination of Treatment Efficiency Using Some Biochemical Responses in Dreissena polymorpha

  Tanyol, Mehtap; Serdar, Osman; Ketenalp, Zozan; Yildirim, Nuran Cikcikoglu; Erguven, Gokhan Onder; Yildirim, Numan

  The study investigated antioxidant biomarkers in Dreissena polymorpha to evaluate the efficiency of Fenton process (FP) in Organized Industrial Zone Wastewater (OIZW) treatment. Antioxidant enzymatic activities, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), non-enzymatic antioxidants (GSH) and the indicator of lipid peroxidation (TBARS) were measured in D. polymorpha in response to treated OIZW by FP. The performance of the FP has been optimized with response surface methodology (RSM). The optimum conditions (reaction time, and H2O2 and Fe2+ concentration) for OIZW by the FP process were determined. The results showed that the highest COD removal efficiency (83.94 %) was obtained when as Fe2+ concentration=402.35 mg/L, H2O2 concentration=4100.30 mg/L, and reaction time=10.10 min (desirability=1.000). SOD and CAT enzyme was decreased in the 1/25 diluted OIZW group compared to control group. CAT and SOD enzyme activities were increased after treatment compared to control groups. No statistically significant changes were observed in GSH levels and GPx activities. TBARS levels were increased 1/25 diluted OIZW exposure groups compared to the control group. TBARS levels were decreased after treatment. The results revealed that antioxidant parameters are useful biomarkers for determining the treatment efficiency of the FP.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2024Scopus SJRQ3/r/munzur/1576
  sThe Bioremediation of Industrial Effluents by Phanerochaete Chrysosporium: The COD, TOC Removal Efficiency and Biochemical Assessment for Dreissena Polymorpha

  Serdar, Osman; Yıldırım, Numan; Onder Erguven, Gokhan; Ketenalp, Zozan; Cikcikoglu Yildirim, Nuran; Durmus, Barbaros

  Bioremediation is one of the cheapest and easy method for biological treatment for most kind of industial wastewater. Bioremediation potential of the Phanerochaete chrysosporium for industrial wastewater from Industrial Zone Wastewater plant in Mardin, Turkey, was evaluated. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC) reduction efficiencies of P. chrysoporium of on wastewater studied using biomarkers such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Thiobarbituric Acid (TBARS) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in Dreissena polymorpha. The level of TBARS, a marker of lipid peroxidation was found to be high because of wastewater exposure after treatment. TBARS levels decreased (from 20.2 to 31.6 and from 20.8 to 37.5). GSH levels (from 52.3 to 15.9), CAT levels (from, 119.7 to 15.3 and from 91.1 to 13.4) SOD levels (from 3.8 to 0.9 and from 3.4 to 1.2) and GPX activity (from 177.2 to 104.4 and 174.2 to 100.5) decreased in the wastewater exposure groups during 24 and 96th hour compared to the control groups. GSH levels, CAT, SOD and GPX activity increased after treatment by P. chrysosporium. Results indicate that industrial wastewater caused oxidative stress in Dreissena polymorpha. The findings revealed that the highest removal efficiency for COD and TOC, at 86.3 % and 80.3 % respectively, occurred in the 1/20 diluted medium. P. chrysosporium has proven to be effective in the bioremediation of wastewater from the Industrial Zone Changes in biochemical parameters before and after bioremediation showed that antioxidant parameters such as CAT, SOD, GPx activities and GSH and TBARS levels can be used as biomarker to evaluate bioremediation efficiency.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2024Scopus SJRQ3/r/munzur/1565
  Structural, Dielectric, and Electrical Properties of Chitosan Composites Doped with Silver for Electrochemical Applications

  Ayhan, Nagihan Karaaslan; Torgut, Gulben

  In this study, chitosan-silver (Chs-Ag) composites containing Ag in different concentrations (0.01–0.08 M) were prepared. The characterization and structure studies of the composites containing 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, and 0.08 M Ag were carried out, and then the dielectric properties of these composites were examined. The composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The dielectric and electrical properties of these composites were investigated depending on the frequency at room temperature, and these properties were determined using an impedance analyzer. Spectroscopy revealed that the dielectric constant (ε′), dielectric loss (ε′′), and real (Z′) and imaginary (Z″) components of impedance are found to decrease with increased frequency for both Chs and Chs-Ag (0.01M–0.08 M) composites. On the contrary, the AC conductivity (σac) of samples increased with increasing frequency. ε′ and ε′′ values of Chs were lower than when the Ag was added. The AC conductivity was improved by the addition of silver particles. The results show that the dielectric and electrical properties of Chs-Ag samples were improved by using Ag as filler.

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