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- MakaleAçık Erişim2025Scopus SJRQ1Thermophysical properties and Optimization of modified palm Oil-Amine reinforced biocomposites for lightweight and insulating applications
Şahal, Hakan; Aydoğmuş, Ercan; Arslanoğlu, Hasan
The aim of this study is to investigate various thermophysical properties of modified palm oil-amine (MPOA) reinforced biocomposites to optimize these materials to meet the requirements of lightness and insulation. The effects of MPOA addition to biocomposites on bulk density, surface hardness, thermal conductivity coefficient, and activation energy have been evaluated. In addition, the structural and physical properties of these biocomposites are aimed to determine their potential use as lightweight and thermal insulation materials. The results show that MPOA incorporation significantly affects the bulk density, Shore A hardness, thermal conductivity, and thermal stability of biocomposites. The addition of MPOA provides significant benefits for lightweight biomaterials by reducing bulk density. However, high MPOA content decreases the surface hardness of the biocomposite, and with zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4), this drawback is eliminated and the curing time is reduced. Increasing MPOA ratios also improve the insulation properties of biocomposites by reducing the thermal conductivity coefficient. Thermal decomposition experiment results show that higher MPOA content reduces thermal stability. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reveals that high levels of MPOA lead to increased surface porosity and irregularities, negatively affecting surface morphology. An optimal MPOA reinforcement level of 5 wt% provides a balance between desirable properties such as reduced density and improved thermal insulation while minimizing adverse morphological effects. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirms the presence of epoxy resin and the successful chemical modification of palm oil to create bioepoxy feedstock. MPOA reinforcement offers benefits such as reduced bulk density and improved thermal insulation while addressing challenges in surface morphology, mechanical properties, and thermal stability. The study concludes that biocomposites with 5 wt% MPOA provide optimum stability, making them suitable for applications requiring lightweight and thermally insulating materials without significantly compromising structural integrity. This research, the long-term performance of biocomposites, and future investigations into their potential applications will further expand their practical applicability.
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İncele - Derleme MakaleYalnız künye2025Scopus SJRQ2Revolutionizing biomedicine with rare earth element nanoparticles: physical properties and biotechnological potential
Şahal, Hakan
Rare earth elements (REEs) are used in the creation of many promising technologies that have the potential to revolutionize many medical and biotechnological fields such as medical imaging, cancer treatment and diagnosis, biosensors and diagnostic kits, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, cosmetics and dermatology, gene therapy and molecular biology, pharmacology, and drug delivery systems today and in the future. Their use as targeted treatment approaches, biocompatible materials and imaging agents with anticancer, antimicrobial, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties enables revolutionary developments in modern medicine and biotechnology. The versatile uses of these elements may contribute to the development of more effective and sensitive methods in medical treatment and diagnosis in the future. For this reason, they are intensively researched worldwide. The focus of this research is that rare earth elements and their derivatives can provide innovative solutions for diagnosis and treatment at the molecular level. Doping with rare earth elements, which are considered as vitamins of industries, redefines the properties of materials and increases their efficiency. For this reason, research is aimed at obtaining new properties and applications by creating hybrid structures of rare earth elements with different components. In recent years, scientific interest in investigating the molecular interactions of REEs with biomolecules has increased. These studies aim to activate drug-specific molecules in target cells, reduce their side effects, and provide more effective treatment methods. These studies aim to create potential structures in gene therapy, biosensor technologies, and cancer research with modifications performed using REEs. This study investigates the transformative potential of REE nanoparticles in various biotechnological and biomedical applications and emphasizes their promise as versatile tools for innovation in multiple disciplines by highlighting their roles in advancing targeted therapies, reducing side effects and addressing critical challenges in modern healthcare.
AtıfScopus2WoS1OpenAlex2İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2025Scopus SJRQ2Advanced synthesis and comprehensive characterization of nanoparticle-reinforced epoxy-based biocomposites derived from modified palm oil
Şahal, Hakan; Aydoğmuş, Ercan; Canpolat, Erdal; Kaya, Mehmet
In this research, new biocomposites were synthesized by two-step modification of palm oil (MPO). The raw material (MPOSA) was epoxidized in the first step and obtained by reacting with 4,4-diaminodiphenyl sulfone in the second step. Silicon carbide (SiC), MPOSA, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, and epoxy resin were used to obtain the biocomposites. After this process, necessary physical tests and chemical analyses were performed. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses were used to characterize the biocomposites. The research included measurements of bulk density, Shore D hardness, thermal conductivity, and thermal stability of the biocomposite. The results indicated that MPOSA reinforcement decreased the bulk density of the biocomposite in proportion to the doping level, and Shore D hardness tests revealed a decrease in hardness with the addition of MPOSA. The increase in MPOSA reinforcement also led to a reduction in the thermal conductivity coefficient. In experimental studies, the optimum reinforcement ratio was determined as 1 wt.% nano-SiC, 10 wt.% glass fiber, and 10 wt.% MPOSA. Excessive MPOSA reinforcement adversely affected the matrix structure and pore distribution of the nanocomposite due to aggregation due to increased intermolecular interaction. Thermal decomposition results showed that MPOSA reinforcement reduced the activation energy of the nanocomposite. This study successfully developed an economical, environmentally friendly, and easily processed biocomposite and contributed to the development of functional and sustainable alternatives.
AtıfScopus3WoS3OpenAlex3İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2024Scopus SJRQ2New sulfa drug derivatives and their zinc(II) complexes: synthesis, spectroscopic properties and in vitro cytotoxic activities
Şahal, Hakan; Öz, Samet; Keskin, Tuba; Tekin, Suat; Canpolat, Erdal; Kaya, Mehmet
Synthesis of four sulfa drug derivatives (L1–L4) and Zn(II) complexes derived from sulfonamide group antibiotic substances was carried out using the hydrothermal technique (HT) and their structures of the obtained compounds were explained using elemental analysis (EA), FT-IR and NMR (1H- and 13C-). Cytotoxic activities of four novel sulfa drug based-Schiff base compounds and their Zn(II) complexes were determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay using MCF-7 (human breast cancer), Caco-2 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma), A2780 (human ovarian cancer) and LNCaP (human prostate adenocarcinoma) cell lines. LogIC50 values of all obtained compounds were computed with the Graphpad Prism 6 program after 24 h of treatment for MCF-7, Caco-2, A2780 and LNCaP cells. Comet assay experiments were performed using LogIC50 concentrations of all compounds to determine DNA damage. Based on the data obtained, all compounds significantly decreased MCF-7, Caco-2, A2780 and LNCaP cell viability compared to the control groups (p < 0.05).
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İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2023Scopus SJRQ2Synthesis, structural characterizations and in vitro cytotoxic activities of new sulfonamide-based Schiff base derivatives
Şahal, Hakan; Öz, Samet; Tekin, Suat; Canpolat, Erdal
Synthesis of five different new compounds (1-5) were carried out. Their structures were characterized by spectroscopic methods such as Fourier transform infrared, Proton nuclear magnetic resonance, Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance and Elemental analysis. Cytotoxic activities of five new sulfonamide based-Schiff base compounds were determined by MTT assay using A-2780 (human ovarian cancer) and MCF-7 (breast cancer) cell lines. LogIC50 values of the sulfonamide derivates compounds were calculated by Graphpad Prism 12 programme after a 24-hour treatment for A2780 and MCF-7 cells. Comet assay experiments were performed to determine DNA damage using LogIC50 concentrations of all compounds in A2780 and MCF-7 cells. All compounds significantly reduced A2780 and MCF-7 cell viability compared to control groups (p < 0.05). In addition, all compounds caused DNA damage in A2780 and MCF-7 cells (p < 0.05). These results show that the synthesized compounds exhibit cytotoxic effects against cancer cells and that the cause of cell death is due to DNA damage. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
AtıfScopus5WoS5OpenAlex5İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2023Scopus SJRQ2Zinc(II) phthalocyanine substituted by sulfonamide derivative: Photophysical and photochemical properties
Şahal, Hakan
Synthesis of two different new compounds, (E)-4-((2‑hydroxy-3‑methoxy-5-nitro benzylidene)amino)-N-(pyridine-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide 1, (E)-4-((2-(3,4-dicyanophenoxy )-3‑methoxy-5-nitrobenzylidene)amino)-N-(pyridine-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide2and 2(3),9(10),16(17),23(24)-tetrakis-[(E)-4-((3‑methoxy-5-nitro-2-(λ1-oxidanyl)benzylidene) amino)-N-(pyridine-2-yl)benzene sulfonamid] zinc(II) phthalocyanine complex 3 was carried out. Their structures were characterized by spectroscopic methods such as Fourier transform infrared, Proton nuclear magnetic resonance, Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance, Ultraviolet-visible, Fluorescence, Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization, Time-of-flight mass (except compounds 1 and 2), as well as Elemental analysis. The spectroscopic, photophysical, and photochemical properties of zinc(II) phthalocyanine complex 3, substituted with new benzenesulfonamide derivatives containing different functional groups, were explored in dimethylsulfoxide to determine its usability as a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy. The effects of the presence of tetra-substituted new benzenesulfonamide groups from the peripheral positions of the zinc(II) phthalocyanine ring on the spectroscopic, photophysical, and photochemical properties were investigated and these properties were compared with the properties of the substituted and unsubstituted zinc(II) phthalocyanines. As a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy, this new phthalocyanine 3 has well solubility in different kinds of solvents without aggregation sufficient fluorescence properties, ability to produce singlet oxygen, and photostability under appropriate light irradiation.
AtıfScopus8WoS7OpenAlex6İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2023Scopus SJRQ3Investigation of thermophysical properties of synthesized SA and nano-alumina reinforced polyester composites
Şahal, Hakan; Aydoğmuş, Ercan; Arslanoğlu, Hasan
Synthesis and characterization of 4-[(E)-(5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzylidene) amino]-N-(4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl) benzenesulfonamide (SA) has been performed. Alumina (Al2O3) and SA reinforced polyester composites are synthesized, and characterization processes are carried out. SA formed has been characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spektrofotometre and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The thermal decomposition behavior of the nanocomposites in a nitrogen environment under non-isothermal conditions from 298 to 973 K is investigated with proportional-integral-derivative (PID) system. Thermal conductivity, Shore D hardness, and thermal decomposition behaviors of the nanocomposites that are added with alumina filler and synthesized with SA reinforcement have been compared. Nano-alumina filler raises the thermal conductivity coefficient and Shore D hardness of the polyester composites. The addition of synthesized SA reduces both the thermal conductivity coefficient and Shore D hardness. The thermal conductivity coefficient has been measured at the lowest in the pure polyester (0.056 W/m·K), and highest in the nano-alumina reinforced composite (0.072 W/m·K). The lowest Shore D hardness (nearly 68) is determined in the synthesized SA reinforced composite. Also, the experimental study has been optimized with the help of response surface methodology (RSM), and the improved theoretical models have been evaluated by statistical analysis.
AtıfScopus5WoS6OpenAlex13İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2023Scopus SJRQ3Synthesis, Characterization, Antimicrobial and Time Killing Activities of New SulfaDerived Schiff Bases Coordinated with Cu(II)
İdil, Önder; Şahal, Hakan; Canpolat, Erdal; Özkan, Mustafa
Synthesis of three Schiff bases of 5-bromo-3-nitro salicylaldehyde containing different sulfonamide group antibiotic compounds and their Cu(II) complexes was carried out. Structures of all compounds were characterized with spectroscopic methods, including Fourier transform infrared, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, and elemental analysis. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of ligands and complexes against Gramnegative and Gram-positive bacteria and the yeast Candida albicans was evaluated. It was determined that the ligand and complexes showed outstanding antimicrobial activity against almost all of the microorganisms tested. It has been observed that the newly synthesized complexes have more antimicrobial effects than the corresponding ligands. It has been determined that the newly synthesized complexes have more antimicrobial effects than the others (E. coli, L. monocytogenes, and C. albicans), especially on Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AtıfScopus4WoS3OpenAlex2İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2023Scopus SJRQ3Production of SBS Reinforced Polyester Composite: Characterization of Physical and Chemical Properties
Şahal, Hakan; Aydoğmuş, Ercan
In this study, dissolved styrene butadiene styrene (SBS) copolymer is homogeneously reinforced into orthophthalic unsaturated polyester (UP) resin. Polyester composite production is carried out with the help of methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP) and cobalt octoate (Co Oc) catalysts. The density, Shore D hardness, thermal conductivity coefficient, thermal stability, morphological surface structure, and chemical bond structure of the obtained composite have been examined. According to the results, SBS reinforcement decreases the density of the composite and increases the thermal conductivity coefficient. The addition of SBS at different weight ratios (1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 10% w/w) reduces both the hardness and thermal stability of the polyester composite. According to the test and analysis results, 5 wt.% SBS reinforced polyester composite production is determined as the optimum ratio. 7 wt.% and above SBS reinforcement negatively affect the physical and chemical properties of the obtained composite. For example, when 10 wt. % SBS reinforced composite is examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM), and irregular pores are observed in the surface morphology. Also, it is understood by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) that there is a physical interaction between SBS and polyester and that no chemical bond is formed. The thermal decomposition behavior of the composite has been determined according to the decrease in the activation energy. As SBS ratio increases, it is understood that the thermal stability of the product obtained with the decrease in the activation energy of the polyester composite weakens.
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İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2023Scopus SJRQ4Cu(II) Complexes of New Sulfa Drug Schiff Base Ligands: Synthesis, Structural Characterization, Antimicrobial Activities, and Time-Killing Kinetics
Şahal, Hakan; İdil, Önder; Canpolat, Erdal; Özkan, Mustafa
Abstract: Synthesis of three different new sulfonamide compounds (L1–L3) and their Cu(II) complexes were carried out. Their structures were characterized by spectroscopic methods such as Fourier transform infrared, Proton nuclear magnetic resonance and elemental analysis. Cu(II) complexes were screened for Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and against yeast using the microdilution method. In particular, CuL2 was found to have significant antimicrobial effects on Gram (–), Gram (+) and eukaryotic yeast. The results showed that CuL2 exhibited better antimicrobial activity than other complexes. Depending on the antimicrobial activity results, time killing experiments of CuL2, the most effective complex, were performed.
AtıfScopus3WoS2OpenAlex2İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2022Scopus SJRQ2Optimization of Electrical Conductivity of SA-graphene Nanocomposites Using Response Surface Methodology
Şahal, Hakan; Torğut, Gülben; Canpolat, Erdal
Synthesis and characterization of 4-{(E)-[(5-bromo-2-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]amino}-N-carbamimidoylbenzene-1-sulfonamide(SA) and its composites with graphene(SA-GF) were performed. Compound SA and SA-GF were characterized by FTIR and 1H NMR. The GF dispersion in the composites was analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy(SEM) for morphology. Thermal properties of SA and nanocomposites were investigated using differential thermal analysis(DTA) and thermogravimetric analysis(TGA). The optimum electrical conductivity of the new sulfonamide-based Schiff base was determined to be 1.78×10−5 S/cm at a frequency of 9923 Hz, an applied voltage of −19 V, a mass fraction of 9.38% for graphene loading using a central composite design in the response surface methodology. The significance of the selected parameters(frequency, voltage and GF amount) in the model was determined by the analysis of variance(ANOVA). The results showed that frequency and graphene loading represent important model terms and have considerable effects on the conductivity of SA.
AtıfScopus3WoS3OpenAlex2İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2021Production and Characterization of Palm Oil Based Epoxy Biocomposite by RSM Design
Şahal, Hakan; Aydoğmuş, Ercan
In this research, some physical and chemical properties of the biocomposite obtained from synthesized epoxy modified palm oil (MPO) and epoxy resin have been characterized. The experimental study plan is made according to Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and biocomposites with different MPO rates are obtained. The chemical bond structure of MPO and epoxy biocomposite has been evaluated with Fourier Transform Infrared Spektrofotometre (FTIR). The experimental, and RSM model results obtained, the density of the biocomposite rise as the MPO rate increases. It is determined that the Shore D hardness of the biocomposite is inversely proportional to the MPO rate by mass. The thermal conductivity coefficient and thermal stability also rise with the rate of MPO (wt.%) in the biocomposite. In the thermal degradation experiments of the obtained biocomposite, it is observed that the thermal stability of the composite goes up as the MPO rate rises. Activation energies are calculated using the Flynn Wall Ozawa, Kissinger, and Coats Redfern models. The activation energies calculated for the 9th, 2nd, and 13th experiments according to the Flynn Wall Ozawa method are approximately 139.65, 143.56, and 145.28 kJ/mol, respectively. The functionwith the highest R2 value has been determined according to the Coats Redfern method, and the deviation in Flynn Wall Ozawa and Kissinger model results was below 7%.
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