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- MakaleAçık Erişim2025Scopus SJRQ1Modeling water infiltration into soil under fractional wettability conditions
Di Prima, Simone; Stewart, Ryan D.; Abou Najm, Majdi R.; Yilmaz, Deniz; Comegna, Alessandro; Lassabatere, Laurent
The heterogeneous distribution of water-repellent materials at the soil surface causes a phenomenon known as fractional wettability. This condition frequently triggers destabilization of the wetting front during water infiltration, resulting in the formation of fingered bypass flow. However, few analytical tools exist to understand and model this behavior. Moreover, existing infiltration models fail to fit certain infiltration curves that exist in experimental data. For these reasons, we introduce a novel infiltration model to simulate water infiltration under fractional wettable conditions. We conceptualize the soil surface as a composite of two distinct portions: a water-repellent fraction, where hydrophobic effects impede water infiltration, and a wettable fraction, where capillarity and gravity are the dominant forces controlling the process. The new model was validated using a dataset comprising infiltration data from 60 field measurements. Additionally, validation was performed using 660 analytically generated infiltration curves from six synthetic soils with varying textures. This innovative approach enabled us to account for the combined influence of these two fractions and to enhance the interpretation of infiltration curves with mixed shapes, which other common methods are unable to reproduce.
AtıfScopus8OpenAlex9
İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2024Scopus SJRQ1Ks estimates using macroscopic capillary length estimated from soil hydraulic shape coefficients and Haverkamp infiltration model
Yilmaz, Deniz; Sağlam, Mustafa; İç, Serkan; Stewart, Ryan D.; Lassabatere, Laurent
In this study, we developed a new general approach to estimate the macroscopic capillary length (λc) using different hydraulic function models and related shape parameters, along with the Haverkamp infiltration model constant. We next applied this new approach to the van Genuchten model coupled with a Burdine condition (vGB) to estimate λc. Then, we applied the new λc computation to three different methods for estimating saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks), and analyzed two sets of constant infiltration data: 1) an analytically generated Beerkan-type dataset and 2) constant head and Beerkan-type infiltration tests performed at the Ambarköprü Experimental Station of Blacksea Agricultural Research Institute in Samsun, Turkey. Our new approach provided accurate Ks estimates when applied to the analytical Beerkan infiltration data. The highest error was observed for a silt soil, with 30 % error for one formulation versus <15 % for the others. For synthetic coarse-textured soils such loamy sand and sandy loam, the error was <10 %. For the field data and Beerkan-type experiments, the new approach gave consistent estimates of Ks regardless of analytical interpretation. However, ANOVA analysis revealed that Ks varied between different infiltration test types, with constant head infiltrometry with 5 cm of applied water head having greater Ks values than the Beerkan tests (p < 0.05). Estimated Ks values also differed between land use types (p < 0.01), with a maize field having significantly greater Ks compared to a soybean field. Overall, we conclude that the proposed approach represents an efficient and appropriate method for characterizing point-scale saturated hydraulic conductivity, so long as experimental artifacts such as ring insertion deep and preferential flows are considered.
AtıfScopus3İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2024Scopus SJRQ1Parameterizing Haverkamp Model From the Steady-State of Numerically Generated Infiltration: Influence of Algorithms for Steady-State Selection
Autovino, Dario; Bagarello, Vincenzo; Iovino, Massimo; Lassabatere, Laurent; Yilmaz, Deniz
BEST (Beerkan Estimation of Soil Transfer parameters) methods of soil hydraulic characterisation are widely applied for estimating sorptivity, S, and saturated hydraulic conductivity, Ks. Calculating these properties requires choosing the β and γ parameters of the Haverkamp infiltration model. These parameters can be obtained from numerically simulated three-dimensional (3D) infiltration runs reaching steady-state. This investigation tested dependence of the estimated β and γ parameters on the algorithm for steady-state selection using simulated 3D cumulative infiltrations for different soils and initial conditions. Two algorithms used the original simulation outputs and included using (i) a threshold defining steadiness (T-algorithm) and (ii) the last four data points, yielding a reference value of steady-state infiltration rate (R-algorithm). A third algorithm, similar to the R-algorithm, was applied to previously re-sampled infiltration data at fixed time intervals (RR-algorithm). The intercept, bs, of the straight line fitted to the data describing steady-state on the cumulative infiltration plot depended on the applied algorithm more than the slope of this line. Consequently, β varied with the applied algorithm more than γ. The RR-algorithm, yielding 0.62 ≤ β ≤ 1.99 and 0.74 ≤ γ ≤ 0.98, was preferred since it mediated between advantages and disadvantages of T- and R-algorithms. The influence of the choice of proper values for β and γ on the estimates of S and Ks was evaluated using BEST. Using the default values of β (0.6) and γ (0.75) yielded accurate estimates of S but not of Ks. Soil dependent β and γ values should be used in this case. A check of the reliability of the estimates of bs can be made by a sequential analysis of the cumulative infiltration data. Future developments include considering sources differing in size and establishing if the suggested β and γ values apply in general to the available BEST algorithms.
AtıfScopus2OpenAlex2İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2023Scopus SJRQ1Mixed formulation for an easy and robust numerical computation of sorptivity
Lassabatere, Laurent; Peyneau, Pierre-Emmanuel; Yilmaz, Deniz; Pollacco, Joseph; Fernández-Gálvez, Jesús; Latorre, Borja; Moret-Fernández, David; Di Prima, Simone; Rahmati, Mehdi; Stewart, Ryan D.
Sorptivity is one of the most important parameters for the quantification of water infiltration into soils. proposed a specific formulation to derive sorptivity as a function of the soil water retention and hydraulic conductivity functions, as well as initial and final soil water contents. However, this formulation requires the integration of a function involving hydraulic diffusivity, which may be undefined or present numerical difficulties that cause numerical misestimations. In this study, we propose a mixed formulation that scales sorptivity and splits the integrals into two parts: the first term involves the scaled degree of saturation, while the second involves the scaled water pressure head. The new mixed formulation is shown to be robust and well-suited to any type of hydraulic function - even with infinite hydraulic diffusivity or positive air-entry water pressure heads - and any boundary condition, including infinite initial water pressure head, h→-∞. Lastly, we show the benefits of using the proposed formulation for modeling water into soil with analytical models that use sorptivity. Copyright:
AtıfScopus11OpenAlex14İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2022Scopus SJRQ1Three-term formulation to describe infiltration in water-repellent soils
Yilmaz, Deniz; Di Prima, Simone; Stewart, Ryan D.; Abou Najm, Majdi R.; Fernandez-Moret, David; Latorre, Borja; Lassabatere, Laurent
Modeling infiltration in water-repellent soils is difficult, as the underlying processes remain poorly quantified. However, recent work has adapted the Beerkan Soil Transfer Parameter (BEST) algorithm to include an exponential correction term for characterizing these types of soils. The original BEST-WR (WR = Water Repellent) method used a two-term approximate expansion of the Haverkamp quasi-exact implicit model. However, the BEST-WR method can have considerable inaccuracy, particularly as the time of infiltration and the soil water repellency increase. Here, we extended the BEST-WR model by adapting a three-term approximation of the Haverkamp quasi-exact implicit model to water-repellent soils. We then tested the new method using analytical data. For highly water-repellent soils, the proposed method had better performance when estimating soil sorptivity (S) and soil saturated conductivity (Ks), with respective errors of less than 1.5 % and 8 %, compared to relative errors of more than 10 % and 30 % with the two-term BEST-WR method. We also tested both approaches with experimental data. The two methods provided similar estimates for hydraulic parameters, with linear correlations between methods of R2 = 0.84 for S and R2 = 0.88 for Ks. Initial infiltration was not well modeled by either the two-term or three-term model for 33 tests, thus revealing limitations in the applied exponential model that we used to account for soil repellency. Nonetheless, the proposed three-term expression provided better fits than the two-term model for most of the infiltration runs, meaning that this new approach is more robust when modeling infiltration processes in water-repellent soils.
AtıfScopus16OpenAlex15İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2021Estimation of the Soil Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity and Soil Sorptivity of Terraced Soil Using Four-Term Expansions of the Haverkamp Model
Yilmaz, Deniz
Uzunçayır water retention Dam is located in the Tunceli province. This semi-arid mountainous region ineastern Turkey is prone to erosion. To combat this phenomenon, terraces along the edge of the MunzurUniversity campus were built on sloping ground with pine plantations. The objective is twofold, on theone hand to mitigate soil erosion and protect the dam from sediments deposits, and on the other hand topromote the infiltration of rainwater and the vegetation of the sloping soil. However, the so-called ecofunctions of the terraces over the time are not proven. Monitoring the infiltration capacities of the terracesover time and space will allow a better understanding of their contribution to the hydrology of thewatershed and their effect on soil erosion. The Beerkan infiltration technique offers simple andinexpensive experimental protocols. In addition, treatment methods are constantly improving. Morerecently, the four-term expansion of the implicit Haverkamp cumulative infiltration equation has beenproposed. This complicated but robust formulation was used in this study to estimate the soil sorptivity Sand saturated hydraulic conductivity Ks of terrace soil at Tunceli. The average Ks value of studied site wasestimated to be 0.0852 mm/s with a standard deviation of 0.0112 mm/s. The soil sorptivity values weremore extensive with mean value of 2.1227 mm/s0.5 and a standard deviation of 0.5855 mm/s0.5. The fit ofthe model used was perfect, showing that fast and robust estimation of S and Ks are possible using thenew model.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2021Scopus SJRQ1BEST-WR: An adapted algorithm for the hydraulic characterization of hydrophilic and water-repellent soils
Di Prima, Simone; Stewart, Ryan D.; Abou Najm, Majdi R.; Ribeiro Roder, Ludmila; Giadrossich, Filippo; Campus, Sergio; Angulo-Jaramillo, Rafael; Yilmaz, Deniz; Roggero, Pier Paolo; Pirastru, Mario
Water-repellent soils usually experience water flow impedance during the early stage of a wetting process followed by progressive increase of infiltration rate. Current infiltration models are not formulated to describe this peculiar process. Similarly, simplified methods of soil hydraulic characterization (e.g., BEST) are not equipped to handle water-repellent soils. Here, we present an adaptation of the BEST method, named BEST-WR, for the hydraulic characterization of soils at any stage of water-repellency. We modified the Haverkamp explicit transient infiltration model, included in BEST for modeling infiltration data, by embedding a scaling factor describing the rate of attenuation of infiltration rate due to water repellency. The new model was validated using analytically generated data, involving soils with different texture and a dataset that included data from 60 single-ring infiltration tests. The scaling factor was used as a new index to assess soil water repellency in a Mediterranean wooded grassland, where the scattered evergreen oak trees induced more noticeable water repellency under the canopies as compared to the open spaces. The new index produced results in line with those obtained using the water drop penetration time test, which is one of the most widely test applied for quantifying soil water repellency persistence. Finally, we used BEST-WR to determine the hydraulic characteristic curves under both hydrophilic and hydrophobic conditions.
AtıfScopus26OpenAlex26İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2021Scopus SJRQ1A scaling procedure for straightforward computation of sorptivity
Lassabatere, Laurent; Peyneau, Pierre-Emmanuel; Yilmaz, Deniz; Pollacco, Joseph; Fernández-Gálvez, Jesús; Latorre, Borja; Moret-Fernández, David; Di Prima, Simone; Rahmati, Mehdi; Stewart, Ryan D.
Sorptivity is a parameter of primary importance in the study of unsaturated flow in soils. This hydraulic parameter is required to model water infiltration into vertical soil profiles. Sorptivity can be directly estimated from the soil hydraulic functions (water retention and hydraulic conductivity curves), using the integral formulation of . However, calculating sorptivity in this manner requires the prior determination of the soil hydraulic diffusivity and its numerical integration between initial and final saturation degrees, which may be difficult in some situations (e.g., coarse soil with diffusivity functions that are quasi-infinite close to saturation). In this paper, we present a procedure to compute sorptivity using a scaling parameter, cp, that corresponds to the sorptivity of a unit soil (i.e., unit values for all parameters and zero residual water content) that is utterly dry at the initial state and saturated at the final state. The cp parameter was computed numerically and analytically for five hydraulic models: Delta (i.e., Green and Ampt), Brooks and Corey, van Genuchten-Mualem, van Genuchten-Burdine, and Kosugi. Based on the results, we proposed brand new analytical expressions for some of the models and validated previous formulations for the other models. We also tabulated the output values so that they can easily be used to determine the actual sorptivity value for any case. At the same time, our numerical results showed that the relation between cp and the hydraulic shape parameters strongly depends on the chosen model. These results highlight the need for careful selection of the proper model for the description of the water retention and hydraulic conductivity functions when estimating sorptivity.
AtıfScopus14OpenAlex17İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2019Scopus SJRQ1Assessment of hydraulic properties of technosols using Beerkan and multiple tension disc infiltration methods
Yilmaz, Deniz; Bouarafa, Sofia; Peyneau, Pierre-Emmanuel; Angulo-Jaramillo, Rafael; Lassabatere, Laurent
The increasing global urban sprawl requires large amounts of materials, putting huge pressure on numerous natural resources. In particular, vast quantities of soils are used to create infrastructures or green spaces associated with new developments. Alternative solutions aimed at alleviating soil consumption are thus being encouraged. Creating urban soils by recycling waste from industrial and construction activities is feasible, but apart from their support function the resulting technosols should also be able to provide some ecosystem services such as the capacity to infiltrate water and filter contaminants. Various methods are routinely used for in situ characterization of the hydraulic behaviour of natural soils, but their ability to assess the hydraulic properties of technosols remains unclear. Indeed, technosols formed from recycled waste differ markedly from natural soil because they often contain a considerable proportion of coarse artefacts that affect their structure. In this study, results obtained by two distinct methods (ponding and tension infiltrometry), associated with two data processing methods (Beerkan estimation soil transfer (BEST) and numerical inversion), on a set of infiltration data measured on experimental plots made of technosols have been compared with each other. Both methods provided similar results and thus proved to be reliable when applied to technosols. Highlights: Reuse of by-products from anthropogenic activities is crucial to alleviate the consumption of natural soil. Hydraulic properties of technosols must be monitored to assess some of the ecosystem services they can provide. BEST and numerical inversion of multiple tension disc infiltration data gave consistent results. Reliability of the hydraulic characterization methods used for technosols deserves further inquiry.
AtıfScopus10WoS10OpenAlex12İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2018Scopus SJRQ1Physical properties of structural soils containing waste materials to achieve urban greening
Yilmaz, Deniz; Cannavo, Patrice; Séré, Geoffroy; Vidal-Beaudet, Laure; Legret, Michel; Damas, Olivier; Peyneau, Pierre-Emmanuel
AtıfOpenAlex75İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2018Scopus SJRQ1Development and analysis of the Soil Water Infiltration Global database
Rahmati, Mehdi; Weihermüller, Lutz; Vanderborght, Jan; Pachepsky, Yakov A.; Mao, Lili; Sadeghi, Seyed Hamidreza; Moosavi, Niloofar; Kheirfam, Hossein; Montzka, Carsten; Van Looy, Kris
In this paper, we present and analyze a novel global database of soil infiltration measurements, the Soil Water Infiltration Global (SWIG) database. In total, 5023 infiltration curves were collected across all continents in the SWIG database. These data were either provided and quality checked by the scientists who performed the experiments or they were digitized from published articles. Data from 54 different countries were included in the database with major contributions from Iran, China, and the USA. In addition to its extensive geographical coverage, the collected infiltration curves cover research from 1976 to late 2017. Basic information on measurement location and method, soil properties, and land use was gathered along with the infiltration data, making the database valuable for the development of pedotransfer functions (PTFs) for estimating soil hydraulic properties, for the evaluation of infiltration measurement methods, and for developing and validating infiltration models. Soil textural information (clay, silt, and sand content) is available for 3842 out of 5023 infiltration measurements (∼76%) covering nearly all soil USDA textural classes except for the sandy clay and silt classes. Information on land use is available for 76ĝ€% of the experimental sites with agricultural land use as the dominant type (∼40%). We are convinced that the SWIG database will allow for a better parameterization of the infiltration process in land surface models and for testing infiltration models. All collected data and related soil characteristics are provided online in ∗.xlsx and ∗.csv formats for reference, and we add a disclaimer that the database is for public domain use only and can be copied freely by referencing it. Supplementary data are available at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.885492 (Rahmati et al., 2018). Data quality assessment is strongly advised prior to any use of this database. Finally, we would like to encourage scientists to extend and update the SWIG database by uploading new data to it.
AtıfScopus146OpenAlex169İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2016İstanbul'un Yağmur Suyu Taşkınlarına Karşı Yeşil Teras Çatıların Önleyici Rolü
Yilmaz, Deniz
İstanbul nüfusunun son yarı yüzyılda hızlı bir şekilde artması, konut ve kentleşmede sorunlara neden olmuştur. Sorunun hızlı yapılaşma yaklaşımıyla giderilmeye çalışılması da ayrıca farklı sorunları beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu sorunların en önemlilerinden biri kentteki yağmur suyu taşkınlarıdır. Bu nedenle her şiddetli yağmur sonrası İstanbul'un birçok yerinde taşkınlar oluşmaktadır. Kent için maddi ve manevi zarara neden olan bu taşkınlar, ekolojik açıdan da ciddi bir kirlilik yaratmaktadır. Yağmur suyu taşkınlarında, yüzey suyunun çoğalması önemli bir faktördür. Aşırı yapılaşma ile yaratılan geçirimsiz tabakadan dolayı toprak yüzeyi altına sızma imkânı bulamayan yağmur suyu, kaçınılmaz olarak yüzeyde akmakta ve artarak kentin en düşük noktalarında birikmektedir. Suyun aşırı şekilde biriktiği bu tür noktalarda şebekelerin yetersiz kalması, taşkınların meydana gelmesi kaçınılmaz olmaktadır. Bu noktada, yapılaşmada "Yeşil teras çatı" denilen sistemlerin yaygınlaştırılarak kullanılması, bu tür taşkın problemlerinin azaltılmasına katkı sağlayacaktır. Bu makalede İstanbul kentinde yağmur suyundan kaynaklanan taşkın problemlerine yeşil çatı sistemlerinin nasıl önleyici bir fonksiyon üstlenebileceği ele alınmaktadır.
AtıfTR Dizin1
İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2014Scopus SJRQ1New Analytical Model for Cumulative Infiltration into Dual-Permeability Soils
Lassabatere, Laurent; Yilmaz, Deniz; Peyrard, Xavier; Peyneau, Pierre Emmanuel; Lenoir, Thomas; Simunek, Jiri; Angulo-Jaramillo, Rafael
AtıfOpenAlex59İncele