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- MakaleYalnız künye2026Scopus SJRQ2An Innovative Thermal Management Approach Enhanced by Thermoelectric Stations and Turbulators for Lithium-Ion Batteries
Tuğan, Volkan; Yardımcı, Uğurcan
The design of an effective battery thermal management system is critical to ensure the safe, efficient, and long-lasting operation of lithium-ion batteries. Excessive heat generation and temperature non-uniformity among cells in high energy density battery systems lead to performance degradation, accelerated aging, and an increased risk of thermal runaway. Although liquid-cooled systems and thermoelectric module-assisted solutions have been extensively investigated separately in the literature, studies that holistically evaluate multiple thermoelectric stations combined with an innovative flow channel design and turbulator integration remain limited. This gap constitutes a significant research need, particularly in terms of improving temperature uniformity and reducing maximum cell temperature. In this study, to address this research gap, a novel liquid-cooled battery thermal management system integrating thermoelectric coolers and turbulators within the flow channel is proposed. The thermal performance of the proposed system was systematically analyzed using computational fluid dynamics under three different configurations (conventional system, thermoelectric-assisted system, and turbulator-integrated thermoelectric-assisted system) and four different mass flow rates (0.0008, 0.0013, 0.0018, and 0.0023 kg/s). The results indicate that, at a mass flow rate of 0.0023 kg/s, the integration of thermoelectric coolers and turbulators reduces the maximum battery temperature by 8.95 K and the maximum temperature difference by 6.83 K. At the highest mass flow rate, the proposed system achieves a maximum battery temperature of 306 K and a maximum temperature difference of 4.5 K, ensuring both effective cooling performance and high temperature uniformity. Overall, the results in terms of cooling performance and temperature uniformity demonstrate that the combination of thermoelectric modules and turbulators offers significant potential for advanced battery thermal management system applications and offers an effective solution for high-energy-density systems.
- MakaleYalnız künye2026Scopus SJRQ2A Parametric Study on a Thermoelectric-Integrated Battery Thermal Management System for Electric Vehicles: New Designs Utilizing Different Numbers of Thermoelectric Modules
Tuğan, Volkan
The safety, lifespan, and performance of battery systems in electric vehicles directly depend on the implementation of an effective thermal management strategy. In this study, a novel lithium-ion battery thermal management system integrated with a wavy cooling channel and different numbers of thermoelectric modules is proposed. Computational fluid dynamics-based numerical simulations were conducted at two ambient temperatures (298.15 K and 303.15 K) and three different thermoelectric temperatures (288.15 K, 293.15 K, and 298.15 K). Three configurations with four, six, and eight thermoelectric modules were analyzed and compared with the conventional case without thermoelectrics. The lowest maximum battery temperature was obtained with the design employing eight thermoelectric modules under the conditions of 298.15 K ambient temperature and 288.15 K thermoelectric temperature. It was found that integrating thermoelectrics into the battery thermal management system reduced the maximum battery temperature by up to 12.11 K and the maximum temperature difference by up to 5.83 K. Furthermore, maintaining the thermoelectric temperature approximately 5–10 K below the ambient temperature was identified as a critical design parameter to ensure both efficient cooling and thermal homogeneity. The use of different numbers of thermoelectric modules and the selection of appropriate operating temperatures were shown to play a decisive role in optimizing system performance.
- MakaleYalnız künye2026Scopus SJRQ1Computational fluid dynamics analysis of battery pack with cooling channel integrated with innovative thermoelectric cooling stations
Yardımcı, Uğurcan; Tuğan, Volkan
In this study, a novel liquid cooled battery thermal management system integrated with a thermoelectric assisted cooling channel has been designed. To prevent battery cells from operating at high temperatures and to ensure a uniform temperature distribution among the cells, multiple thermoelectric stations were placed at various positions along the cooling channel. The performance of four different models created with various temperature combinations, as well as a conventional model without thermoelectrics, was investigated through Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations. In the analyses, five different thermoelectric temperatures (293.15–298.15 K), two different mass flow rates (0.0013 and 0.0018 kg/s), and two different initial temperatures (298.15 and 303.15 K) were examined. The results demonstrated a significant improvement in the performance of the battery thermal management system with the use of the thermoelectric assisted cooling channel. It was determined that lowering the initial temperature from 303.15 K to 298.15 K and increasing the mass flow rate from 0.0013 kg/s to 0.0018 kg/s resulted in better cooling performance and more uniform distribution for the thermoelectric assisted system. Under the conditions of a 0.0013 kg/s mass flow rate and an initial temperature of 303.15 K, the highest reduction in maximum battery temperature, compared to the non-thermoelectric design, was achieved in Model B with 9.207 K. Under the same conditions, the most significant reduction in maximum temperature difference was observed in Model D with 4.758 K. Furthermore, the Root Mean Square Spread analysis results revealed that Model B provided the best performance in terms of temperature distribution.
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İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2023Scopus SJRQ1Numerical study for battery thermal management system improvement with air channel in electric vehicles
Tuğan, Volkan; Yardımcı, Uğurcan
In order to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the battery system in electric vehicles, the heat generated in the batteries must be rapidly removed from the system. Therefore, a battery thermal management system is needed to ensure that the battery pack operates at appropriate temperatures. This study focuses on improving the battery thermal management system in electric vehicles. For this purpose, two different types of battery modules with new air channel design were created. The temperature distribution, maximum temperature difference and pressure drop in the battery modules were numerically investigated with computational fluid dynamics. In addition, the effect of three different air velocities (1 m/s, 2 m/s and 3 m/s) on the battery temperature was evaluated. The results showed that the maximum temperature and maximum temperature difference in the battery decreased with the increase of the air inlet velocity. It was observed that the maximum temperature difference obtained for design 2 and design 3 decreased in the range of 15.01–17.93 % and 7.25–12.22 %, respectively, compared to Design 1.
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