Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
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- Kitap BölümüAçık Erişim2024Scopus SJRQ4Heavy Metals in Cetraria islandica: Health Risk Assessment
Topal, Murat; Arslan Topal, E. Işıl; Öbek, Erdal; Aslan, Ali
In this chapter, potential human health risk of the heavy metals associated with usage of Cetraria islandica were evaluated. Heavy metals (lead, cadmium, manganese, chromium, copper, zinc, and nickel) were determined in Cetraria islandica. Highest and lowest heavy metal values were 87 ± 4.3 mg/kg for manganese (Mn) and 0.12 ± 0.01 mg/kg for cadmium (Cd). When potential health risk was assessed, the doses of exposure for man, woman, and child followed the order of bread > tea > dermal. Risk of health for bread and tea were child > woman > man. Also, risk of health for dermal was woman > child > man. Non-carcinogenic risk was woman > child > man for dermal way. Non-carcinogenic risks were child > woman > man for dietary. Highest total hazard index (THI) was 6.33 for chromium (Cr), lowest THI was 0.22 for zinc (Zn). THIs were zinc < copper < cadmium < nickel < lead < manganese < chromium. The THIs were higher than 1 for chromium, manganese and lead. Total highest carcinogenic value was 1.73E−03 for Ni and minimum was 1.19 E−05 for lead. Carcinogenic risks for bread (cadmium, nickel and chromium) were high. As a result, it was determined that Cetraria islandica may cause cancer risk if consumed as additive in bread. It was determined that if Cetraria islandica was consumed as tea and cream, there would be no risk of cancer and could not adversely affect human health.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2022Scopus SJRQ1Preliminary assessment of health risks associated with consumption of grapevines contaminated with mining effluents in Turkey: Persistent trace elements and critical raw materials
Topal, Murat; Arslan Topal, E.Işıl; Öbek, Erdal
In this study, some persistent trace elements and critical raw materials were investigated in grapevines contaminated with Pb–Zn mining effluents. The persistent trace elements under certain conditions remain without any change in form in the environment over long periods. The critical raw materials are the ones that have economic importance and have the risks associated with their supply. The health risks of persistent trace elements and critical raw materials in the leaves of grapevine that are consumed by humans were determined. The highest persistent trace elements concentrations followed the order of root > stem > leaf for Mn, Cu, Cd, Ni, and Cr while root > leaf > stem for Zn and leaf > root > stem for Pb. The maximum critical raw material concentrations for Co and V followed the order of root > stem > leaf. For Sb and La, these were leaf > root > stem and root > stem > leaf, respectively. The maximum critical raw materials concentrations for W was leaf > stem = root. The total maximum carcinogenic value was 0.146 for Cd while the total minimum carcinogenic value was 0.0054 for Pb. In this study, potential carcinogenic risk values in terms of ingestion of contaminated soil (Cr, Cd, and Ni) and dietary take of grapevine leaves (Ni, Cr, Cd, and Pb) are higher than acceptable levels (1 × 10−4 – 1 × 10−6). Maximum cancer risk on human health was determined as dietary intake of grapevine leaves. When hazard quotient for dietary (HQdie), hazard quotient for ingestion (HQing), and hazard quotient for inhalation (HQinh) values of critical raw materials were examined, the maximum values were observed for children. Also, the highest hazard quotient for dermal (HQder) value was determined for men. The hazard index and total hazard index values were >1 for critical raw materials. As a result, values >1 indicated potential non-carcinogenic human health risk associated with the consumption of grapevines contaminated with mining effluents. Actual region-specific exposure estimates for consumption of grapevines, however, were not evaluated. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2022;18:517–527.
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İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2021Scopus SJRQ1Evaluation of non-carcinogenic health risks of thallium in grapevine exposed to mine waters of an abandoned mining region in Turkey
Topal, Murat; Arslan Topal, E. Işıl; Öbek, Erdal
In this study, non-carcinogenic health risks of thallium in grapevine exposed to mine waters of an abandoned mining region in Turkey were evaluated. The values of thallium were investigated in leaves, stems, and roots. Translocation factors (TF) and bioaccumulation concentration factors (BCF) were determined. The maximum thallium value in grapevines (root) was 2.34 ± 0.12 mg/kg. Thallium values in grapevine were stem < leaf < root. The bioconcentration value calculated in our study is higher than 1 showing thallium bioaccumulation from the mine water to grapevines. Translocation factor value is calculated as 1.20. The high total estimated daily exposure dose (TED) in grapevines was determined as 1.10E-02 mg/kg day for children. TEDs values in grapevines were observed as male < female < children, respectively. The maximum HQ risk value for male was observed as 1060 for children. The non-carcinogenic risk values were children > female > male. Hazard index values of thallium in grapevines were ingestion < dietary. As a result, hazard and total hazard index values were > 1 for thallium in grapevines. Therefore, there are non-carcinogenic health risks of thallium in grapevine exposed to mine waters of an abandoned mining region.
AtıfScopus3WoS1OpenAlex2İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2021Scopus SJRQ2Investigation of the potential human health risk of toxic mercury determined in the grapevine exposed to mine gallery waters
Topal, Murat
In the present study, mercury was selected because of its toxicity. It was detected in the grapevines exposed to mine gallery waters. The potential health risk of mercury in leaves of grapevine those are consumed by human worldwide was investigated. The grapevines were harvested and separated into organs of roots, stems, and leaves. The concentrations of mercury were determined in roots, stems, and leaves. The translocation and bioconcentration factors were calculated. Maximum concentrations of mercury were stem < root < leaf. The health risk potential of mercury on human health was calculated. The estimated daily exposure doses of mercury followed an order for children and adults: dietary > ingestion > inhalation > dermal. The HQ values calculated for exposure ways of dietary, ingestion and inhalation were male < female < children. As a result, it was determined that grapevine exposed to mine gallery waters that cause environmental contamination may cause non-carcinogenic risks on human health.
AtıfScopus1OpenAlex1İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2021Scopus SJRQ1Assessment of potential health risk associated with the use of Cladophora fracta as mulch
Öbek, Erdal; Topal, E. Işıl Arslan; Topal, Murat
In this study, cadmium, copper, nickel, zinc, chromium, manganese and lead were determined in Cladophora fracta present in Lake Hazar (Turkey). The health risks (non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic) of heavy metals associated with the use of Cladophora fracta as mulch were also determined. Bioconcentration factor (BCF) and metal pollution index (MPI) were calculated. When compared with reference value (1.5 mg/kg for Cr and 200 mg/kg for Mn), the highest accumulation by Cladophora fracta was seen in the month of June as 1442 ± 7.2% (23.13 mg/kg) for Cr and the lowest accumulation calculated in the month of July as 5 ± 0.2% (210 mg/kg) for Mn. In our study, the highest MPI value was 13.69 in September. The magnitude of MPI values of heavy metals determined during April to September appeared in the following order September > August > July > June > May > April. The HQing (hazard quotient due to ingestion) and HQinh (hazard quotient due to inhalation) in all months were chidren > female > male while the order of HQder (hazard quotient due to dermal) was determined as male > female > children. Non-carcinogenic risk (HQ) and Hazard Index (HI) values in terms of ingestion, inhalation and dermal ways were lower than 1. Also, total HI values were < 1. As a result, there was not non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks associated with usage of Cladophora fracta as mulch.
AtıfScopus4WoS4OpenAlex4İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2020Scopus SJRQ1Investigation of potential health risks in terms of arsenic in grapevine exposed to gallery waters of an abandoned mining area in Turkey
Topal, Murat; Arslan Topal, E. Işıl; Öbek, Erdal
In this study, potential health risks in terms of arsenic in grapevine exposed to gallery waters of an abandoned mining area in Turkey were investigated. The concentrations of arsenic were determined in roots, stems, and leaves. The translocation factors and bioconcentration factors were calculated. The highest arsenic concentration in the grapevine was determined as 539.4±27 mg/kg, for root. The arsenic concentrations in grapevine as follows: Root>Leaf>Stem. The estimated daily exposure followed an order for the male, female, and children: dermal<inhalation<ingestion<dietary. The non-carcinogenic and total hazard index values calculated for As were higher than 1. The risk of arsenic to be carcinogenic has been determined. The highest carcinogenic risk can be listed as dietary > ingestion > inhalation > dermal. In our study, calculated carcinogenic risk values in terms of dietary, inhalation, and ingestion are higher than 10−4-10−6. As a result, the highest cancer risk on human health was determined as a dietary intake of grapevine leaves according to the calculated carcinogenic risk values.
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