Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları

• 8
• 2
• 2

• MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ2/r/munzur/1294
  Multifunctional PLA/PHA-Based films incorporating Moluccella spinosa extract for sustainable and antimicrobial food packaging applications

  Selcuk Pekdemir, Sibel; Gurler, Nedim; Yilmaz Sancar, Pelin; Karagulle, Burcu; Kok, Mediha; Pekdemir, Mustafa Ersin; Qader, Ibrahim Nazem

  In this study, a novel plant-based shape memory biocomposite was developed for sustainable food packaging applications. A poly(lactic acid)/poly(hydroxyalkanoate) (PLA/PHA) blend was reinforced with the ethanolic extract of Moluccella spinosa, a plant recognized for its bioactive constituents. Structural and thermal analyses confirmed the successful incorporation of the extract without compromising the polymer matrix integrity. The results demonstrated improved barrier performance, characterized by lower water vapor permeability, reduced moisture content, and slightly increased opacity with increasing concentrations of M. spinosa extract. In addition, the composite films exhibited enhanced shape memory behavior, which became more pronounced at higher extract concentrations. Antimicrobial assays revealed a limited and selective inhibitory effect, primarily against Gram-positive bacteria (Enterococcus faecalis and Clostridium perfringens), while no notable activity was observed against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. These findings indicate a preliminary antimicrobial potential, likely associated with a sustained-release mechanism rather than strong bactericidal activity. Overall, the integration of M. spinosa extract into the PLA/PHA matrix offers a promising route to design multifunctional, biodegradable packaging materials with shape memory capability, where antimicrobial functionality serves as a complementary feature, contributing to the advancement of environmentally friendly and active food packaging technologies.

  • 
  İncele
• MakaleYalnız künye2026Scopus SJRQ2/r/munzur/1034
  Development and Characterization of Starch/Microcrystalline Cellulose/Bentonite Intelligent Packaging Films Incorporated With Red Beet Peel Extract for Monitoring Chicken Freshness

  Gürler, Nedim

  This study presents the physical, mechanical, antioxidant, and application properties of films prepared by adding red beet peel extract to the starch/microcrystalline cellulose/bentonite clay polymer composites by casting method to monitor chicken breast freshness. The effects of bentonite in different proportions (0%, 1%, 5%, and 10%) were investigated. The structure of the films was elucidated by XRD, FTIR spectroscopy, and SEM for surface morphology of films. Regarding mechanical testing, the highest tensile strength starch/microcrystalline cellulose-1% bentonite film was 0.88 MPa. It was noticed that water vapor permeability (WVP) improved with the addition of bentonite. Films containing 10% bentonite clay showed a 27% decrease in water vapor permeability compared to films without clay. However, the swelling power of composites increased as the bentonite content increased. Additionally, with the addition of clay the films exhibited more opaque properties. Red beet peel extract was also incorporated to the polymer composite to monitor chicken breast freshness. The antioxidant properties of the films were accomplished using DPPH method. When red beet peel extract was incorporated into the polymer film, the highest DPPH scavenging activity increased by 50%. In summary, starch/microcrystalline cellulose/bentonite films can be used as pH-sensitive intelligent packaging for controlling the freshness of chicken breast.

  • 
  • 
  İncele
• MakaleYalnız künye2025Scopus SJRQ2/r/munzur/1398
  Evaluation of Nano-Zinc Borate Effects on Thermal Properties, Morphology, Antibacterial Activity, and Drug Release Behavior of Starch/Gelatin Hydrogel Films for Biomedical Applications

  Koçak, Berna; Gürler, Nedim; İpek, Yeliz; Yazdıç, Ferit Can; Karaman, Altuğ

  Starch and gelatin offer opportunities for use due to their non-toxicity, biocompatibility, physical and functional properties. In this study, different amounts of nano-zinc borate were added to starch/gelatin composition for biological applications and their properties were studied. The structure of the films was investigated by various techniques. Nanostructured zinc borate was synthesized using a chemical method and particle sizes were determined as 196 nm. The atenolol drug was doped into the polymer composite. The atenolol release was performed at pH 7.4 and in phosphate-buffered saline solution medium. Cumulative drug release was 76% with the inclusion of nano-zinc borate in the polymer mixture. The atenolol release was approximately 50%–70% in films with nano-zinc borate added after 300 min. Furthermore, thermal resistance of the films improved with the addition of nano-zinc borate. The investigated chemical compound exhibited pronounced antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus), with significantly greater potency compared to Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Notably, the formulation containing 1.5% starch, 0.5% gelatin, and 1% nano-zinc borate demonstrated broad-spectrum efficacy against all tested pathogens, highlighting its potential as a promising antibacterial agent. The observed differential activity against bacterial strains suggests that fine-tuning the concentrations of starch, gelatin, and nano-zinc borate may optimize antibacterial efficacy and broaden the spectrum. The results showed us that non-toxic and biocompatible polymer films can be realized in pharmaceutical industry systems and biomedical applications.

  • 
  İncele
• MakaleYalnız künye2024Scopus SJRQ3/r/munzur/2189
  Development of a novel rare earth element doped chitosan-graft-poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) composite for biomedical applications: synthesis, characterization, drug delivery, and antibacterial properties

  Gürler, N.; Torǧut, G.; Yazdıç, F.C.; Karaman, A.; Karaaslan Ayhan, N.

  The films of chitosan-graft-poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) polymer (Ch—g-poly(HEMA)) doped with the rare earth element (REE) lanthanum (La content of 0, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 wt.%) were fabricated. The films were characterized by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The films obtained were loaded with a model drug tetracycline by freezing/thawing method. The cumulative drug release properties of tetracycline were investigated. The release of tetracycline from the polymer matrix was carried out in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) buffer (pH 7.4) at 37 °C. It was found that the REE-doped composite films had a retarding effect on tetracycline drug release compared to that of the undoped film. All tested composites regardless of the REE dopant content were found to be active against three Gram-positive and three Gram-negative bacterial strains used to assess the antimicrobial properties of the polymer composites. These findings demonstrated that lanthanum and tetracycline have a high affinity for the Ch—g-poly(HEMA) polymer and suggested a synergistic effect in the polymer—lanthanum—tetracycline system. The La3+-doped Ch—g-poly(HEMA) composite film can be used as drug carrier system in the biomedical field.

  • 
  AtıfScopus4·WoS4·OpenAlex3

  İncele
• MakaleYalnız künye2024Scopus SJRQ2/r/munzur/2176
  Evaluation of effect of boric acid on thermoplastic starch: Morphological, mechanical, barrier, and optical properties

  Yoğurtçu, Hakan; Gürler, Nedim

  In this study, starch was modified with different amounts of boric acid, and the degree of substitution of the synthesized compounds at different temperatures and times was determined by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and titration methods. The degrees of substitution in both methods showed similar tendency. Optimum conditions were determined, and thermoplastic starch (TPS) and boric acid (B) films were prepared by casting method using glycerol as plasticizer. The morphological properties of the films were studied by scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS). According to the FTIR results, it was observed that the B-O and B-O-C stretching vibrations increased when the amount of boric acid increased. The tensile strength, water barrier (swelling capacity, solubility, and water vapor permeability), and optical properties of samples were investigated. The swelling capacity, solubility, and water vapor permeability of the films decreased with the addition of 0.5% boric acid to the starch, but the highest tensile strength was achieved. The tensile strength for TPSB0.5% increased compared to control group TPS. In addition, the film showed the highest transparency. Thermoplastic film containing 0.5% boric acid can be used as a packaging material due to its improved mechanical and water barrier. Highlights: The thermoplastic starch and boric acid composite were successfully produced. The presence of boric acid was confirmed by energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). The degree of substitution was determined by two different methods. Transparency increased with the addition of boric acid. Tensile strength improved with boric acid content.

  AtıfScopus26·WoS25·OpenAlex27

  İncele
• MakaleYalnız künye2024Scopus SJRQ1/r/munzur/1874
  Physical and biological characteristics of eco-friendly films added with Cinnamomum zeylanicum extract for packaging materials

  Gürler, Nedim; Ertekin, Özlem

  The effects of Cinnamomum zeylanicum extract (CZE) at different rations (0%, 1%, 3% and 5%) on gelatin (GL)–polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) blend films were evaluated in relation to the structural, tensile strength, physical, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of the films in this study. The results showed that water barriers of the film samples decreased, but the UV-blocking property increased and became opaque at the highest GLPVA5 film. The tensile strengths of GLPVA, GLPVA1, GLPVA3 and GLPVA5 films were 1.21, 1.78, 1.62 and 1.95 MPa, respectively. The antimicrobial effect of these films was determined against Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Salmonella typhimurium and Bacillus cereus according to the parallel stick method. Antioxidant properties of cinnamon extract were investigated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH) methods. The % inhibition of DPPH was found to be 82.00. No antibacterial effect was detected for B.cereus and E. faecalis at 0%, 1%, 3% and 5%. While no activity was observed in 0%, 1% and 3% cinnamon, 7.5 and 3.0 mm zones were detected in S. typhimirium and E. coli, respectively, in 5% cinnamon. The results suggest that the film samples could be used in a potential packaging with antioxidant and antibacterial properties.

  • 
  AtıfScopus9·WoS9·OpenAlex7

  İncele
• MakaleAçık Erişim2024Scopus SJRQ2/r/munzur/1853
  Enhanced impedance, electrical conductivity, dielectric properties for colloidal starch-g-poly (methyl methacrylate) supported with semiconductor cadmium sulfide

  Torğut, Gülben; Gürler, Nedim

  In this study, starch-graft-poly (methyl methacrylate) (starch-g-PMMA) composites doped with different amounts (5, 10, and 15 wt%) of cadmium sulfide (CdS) particles were fabricated for electrical measurements using in-situ polymerization technique. The structural characterization of the samples was studied. The dielectric and conductivity properties of the composites were investigated using impedance analyzer depending on the frequency (100 Hz–20 kHz) at room temperature. Spectroscopy revealed that the dielectric constant (ε′), dielectric loss (ε′′), and real (Z) components of impedance are found to decrease with increasing frequency for both starch-g-PMMA and starch-g-PMMA (5, 10, and 15 wt%) composites. On the contrary, the AC conductivity (σac) of samples increased with increasing frequency. In addition, ε′ and ε′′ values of starch-g-PMMA were lower than composites that added CdS. When the CdS content increased from 0 to 15%, ε′ increased from 5.62 to 15.10 at 100 Hz. AC conductivity was improved after adding the CdS particles. The maximum conductivity value for starch-g-PMMA15%CdS is found to be 3.07 × 10–7 at 100 Hz. When the dielectric properties of composites are evaluated, it is concluded that it is an exciting material for electronic applications in technology.

  AtıfScopus9·WoS8·OpenAlex10

  İncele
• MakaleAçık Erişim2023/r/munzur/5795
  3-APTMS takviyeli kitosan-polivinil alkol harman filmlerinin fiziksel ve antibakteriyel aktiviteleri

  Yazdıç, Ferit Can; Gürler, Nedim

  Bu çalışmada kitosan (KT) ve polivinil alkol (PA) karışımına %0, %0.5, %1 ve %2 oranlarında 3-(aminopropil) trimetoksi silan (3-APTMS) ilave edilerek dökme metoduyla filmler hazırlanmıştır. Hazırlanan filmlerin FTIR, SEM, su buharı geçirgenliği, çözünürlük, opaklık ve renk özellikleri incelenmiştir. KT/PA, KT/PA-0.5, KT/PA-1 ve KT/PA-2 filmlerinin su buharı geçirgenliği sırasıyla 3.82×10⁻⁶ g m⁻¹ s⁻¹ Pa⁻¹, 3.14×10⁻⁶ g m⁻¹ s⁻¹ Pa⁻¹, 2.08×10⁻⁶ g m⁻¹ s⁻¹ Pa⁻¹ ve 1.59×10⁻⁶ g m⁻¹ s⁻¹ Pa-1 olarak gerçekleşti. Filmleri su içinde çözünürlüğü azaldı. Artan 3-APTMS içeriği ile filmler daha opak oldu ve UV ışık bariyer özellik gösterdi. Renk özellikleri ise a* değeri artarken b* değeri ise azalarak filmler sarımsı-yeşil oldu. Ayrıca filmlerin Gram negatif (E. coli ) ve gram pozitif (S. aureus subsp. aureus) bakterilere karşı antimikrobiyal aktiviteleri değerlendirildi. Elde edilen KT/PA tek başına S. aureus subsp. aureus (ATCC 25923) ve E. coli (ATCC 25922) ye karşı herhangi bir antimikrobiyal aktiviteyi göstermedi. Dikkat çeken nokta KT/PA'ya eklenen %2 3-APTMS antibakteriyel aktivitenin standart olarak kullanılan ampisilin ile aynı olmasıdır.

  İncele
• MakaleYalnız künye2023Scopus SJRQ2/r/munzur/2920
  Development of chitosan/gelatin/starch composite edible films incorporated with pineapple peel extract and aloe vera gel: Mechanical, physical, antibacterial, antioxidant, and sensorial analysis

  Gürler, Nedim

  In this study, chitosan (C)/gelatin(G)/starch(S) composites incorporated pineapple peel extract (PPE) and aloe vera gel (AVG) were prepared by the casting method as antioxidant agents. Mechanical, water vapor permeability (WVP), moisture content, solubility, opacity, and color properties of the effects of PPE and AVG at different concentrations (0%, 10%, and 30%) were investigated. The prepared films were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in attenuated total reflection (ATR-FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), mechanical, water barrier, opacity, and color. PPE and AVG extract incorporated edible films improved thermal stability of edible films. Tensile strength decreased with the addition of extracts; the maximum tensile strength was 8.15 MPa for CGS film. The WVP of the films increased with the increasing PPE and AVG concentration. As a biological activity, the films inhibited the growth of gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli). With the addition of PPE and AVG to the CGS film, its antioxidant properties were enhanced. In addition, the prepared films were applied for strawberry coating both in the refrigerator and at room temperature. Consequently, these edible-coated films can be used for active food packaging/coating to extend the shelf life of fruits.

  • 
  AtıfScopus51·WoS46·OpenAlex49

  İncele
• MakaleYalnız künye2023Scopus SJRQ2/r/munzur/2651
  Physicochemical Properties for Food Packaging and Toxicity Behaviors Against Healthy Cells of Environmentally Friendly Biocompatible Starch/Citric Acid/Polyvinyl Alcohol Biocomposite Films

  Gürler, Nedim; Paşa, Salih; Erdoğan, Ömer; Cevik, Ozge

  The current study focuses on the fabrication, characterization, and cytotoxic effects of polymeric biocomposite films composed of starch, various concentrations of citric acid (3%, 6%, and 9%), and polyvinyl alcohol. The cross-linked corn starch (S)-polyvinyl alcohol (P) biocomposite films are prepared by casting technique using glucose (G) and fructose (F) as plasticizers. The chemical structure of obtained films is characterized by Fourier transform infrared and x-ray diffraction. Physicochemical parameters of the films such as solubility, swelling capacity, and water vapor permeability, optical and mechanical properties are investigated. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity is evaluated to determine the biocompatibility of samples. The physicochemical properties of S-P(Starch-Polyvinyl alcohol) films improve with the addition of citric acid during the esterification reaction. The tensile strength for Starch-Polyvinyl alcohol-Glucose blend composition with 3% citric acid (SPG3) and Starch-Polyvinyl alcohol-Fructose blend composition with 3% citric acid (SFG3) biocomposite films is determined as 10.17 and 8.24 MPa, respectively, compared to 8.16 and 7.94 MPa for without citric acid, respectively. The cell viability values of biocomposite films towards NIH-3T3 and L929 cells are calculated 90% compared to the control group. Thus, it demonstrates that they are also quite biocompatible materials.

  • 
  AtıfScopus34·WoS37·OpenAlex37

  İncele