Neurotoxic Effect of New Generation Insecticide with Flubendiamide Active Ingredient in Gammarus pulex (Linnaeus, 1758) (Amphipoda: Gammaridae) at Different Temperatures

This study aimed to determine the relationship between temperature and neurotoxicity of a new generation insecticide, the active ingredient of which is flubendiamide, on non-target aquatic organisms (Gammarus pulex (L., 1758)). Firstly, LC50 values of flubendiamide on G. pulex were determined at 16, 18 and 20 °C as 256.83 ± 19.59 µgL-1, 169.38 ± 34.17 µgL-1 and 155.84 ± 17.22 µgL-1, respectively. We found that the acute toxicity sensitivity of the test organism to the pesticide containing flubendiamide increased with increasing temperature. Secondly, G. pulex was exposed to non-lethal concentrations of flubendiamide pesticide for 96 hours at the above temperatures. Finally, the changes in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme activity were determined for each temperature using ELISA kits. The exposure time between the 24th and 96th h at the same temperature was found to be statistically insignificant (p>0.05). It was determined that the inhibition value of AChE enzyme activity on the test organism of the pesticide with active ingredient flubendiamide increased depending on the temperature increase. Considering the changes in AChE enzyme activities in G. pulex at different temperatures against flubendiamide insecticide, it was concluded that it can be used as a useful biomarker.