Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
Yayınlar
- MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ1Ellagic Acid Mitigates Lead (Pb)-Induced Toxicity in Cyprinus carpio: A Multi-Biomarker Assessment of Hematological, Immunological, and Oxidative Stress Responses Supported by Molecular Docking
Eroglu, Mucahit; Cakmak, Mehmet Nuri; Pala, Aysegul; Uslu, Harun; Yonar, Serpil Mise; Ispir, Unal; Orhan, Cemal; Yonar, Muhammet Enis
Lead (Pb) is a widespread environmental pollutant that induces systemic toxicity in aquatic organisms primarily through oxidative stress, hematological disruption, and immune dysfunction. This study investigated the protective effects of ellagic acid (EA) against Pb-induced toxicity in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) using a multi-biomarker approach and molecular docking. Fish were assigned to six experimental groups: control, EA-treated, Pb-I, Pb-I + EA, Pb-II, and Pb-II + EA. Fish in the Pb-I and Pb-II groups were exposed to 2.5 and 5 mg/L Pb, respectively, while EA was administered via diet at 100 mg/kg for 14 days. At the end of the exposure period, hematological indices, innate immune parameters, and oxidative stress biomarkers were assessed in blood, liver, kidney, and gill tissues. Pb exposure caused marked hematological impairment, suppressed immune responses, increased malondialdehyde levels, and disrupted antioxidant defense by reducing SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, and GSH levels while increasing GST activity. In contrast, dietary EA supplementation significantly mitigated Pb-induced alterations, improved hematological and immunological responses, reduced lipid peroxidation, restored antioxidant capacity, and normalized GST activity to control levels. Molecular docking analyses further showed that EA interacts with hemoglobin and immunoglobulin M, supporting its potential role in preserving oxygen transport and immune functions under Pb-induced stress. Overall, the findings demonstrate that Pb-induced toxicity involves coordinated disruption of redox homeostasis and immune function, whereas EA exerts a multi-target protective effect through biochemical and molecular mechanisms. This study provides mechanistic insight into chemical-biological interactions and supports the potential application of natural bioactive compounds in mitigating heavy metal-induced toxicity.
- MakaleYayıncıda açık erişim2026Scopus SJRQ1Phenolic Profiling of Some Bryophyte Species: In Vitro and In Silico Assessment of Their Antimicrobial Potentials
Çambay, Zafer; Uslu, Harun; Coteli, Ebru; Göktaş, Bünyamin; Özdemir Bayçinar, Kevser; Emre, Mustafa Yunus; Güngören, Muhammed; Alataş, Mevlüt
This study explores the phytochemical composition and antimicrobial potential of Palustriella commutata, Philonotis calcarea, Cinclidotus riparius, Rhynchostegium riparioides, Plagiomnium ellipticum, and Porella platyphylla, with a focus on bryophyte species phenolic constituents and biological activities. HPLC analysis identified seven phenolic acids (4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, caffeic acid, vanillic acid, syringic acid, and p-coumaric acid) across all species in varying concentrations. In in vitro antimicrobial tests, the bryophyte extracts used showed significant activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 9027), while exhibiting relatively lower inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923). The study showed that all species extracts exhibited comparable activity to erythromycin against P. aeruginosa, while Cinclidotus riparius and Plagiomnium ellipticum extracts showed no activity against S. aureus, and the remaining species exhibited lower activity compared to erythromycin. Molecular docking studies demonstrated strong binding affinities of these phenolics to the active site of the target macromolecule (PDB ID: 3FRQ), suggesting meaningful interactions with residues such as ARG122 and ASN123, similar to erythromycin binding patterns. The findings indicate that bryophyte-derived phenolic compounds possess significant antimicrobial potential and may serve as promising candidates for the development of novel bioactive agents. This study provides a broad framework for the insufficiently researched antimicrobial potential of bryophytes by establishing direct links between species-specific phenolic fingerprints, experimentally observed antibacterial activities, and predicted receptor-level interactions. Further complementary biological studies are needed to confirm and expand upon these results.
