Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
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- MakaleAçık Erişim2026Analysis of buildings in Tunceli - Pülümür district with the Canadian seismic screening method
Gundogdu, Yunus Emre; Polat, Berivan Yilmazer
This study, which was conducted in the P & uuml;l & uuml;m & uuml;r district of Tunceli, was carried out in an area with high seismic risk due to the region's proximity to the Bing & ouml;l-Yedisu Fault. In the study, the earthquake safety of the existing building stock was assessed using visual inspection methods. In this context, 172 buildings in the P & uuml;l & uuml;m & uuml;r district of Tunceli province were examined in detail in terms of earthquake safety using the Canadian Seismic Screening Method. In the analysis, seismic safety levels of the buildings, structural and nonstructural risks were taken into consideration and seismic priority indexes (SPI) were determined. The results of the study revealed that a large portion of buildings in the P & uuml;l & uuml;m & uuml;r district carry different levels of risk of earthquake. Specifically, the evaluated building stock was entirely constructed before the critical year of 2007 and exhibits high seismic vulnerability. This critical threshold is technically attributed to two main regional factors: the design practices predating the 2007 Turkish Earthquake Code and the absence of ready-mixed concrete technology in Tunceli province prior to that year. Furthermore, based on the method's classification, it is suggested that buildings with a Seismic Priority Index (SPI) greater than 20, which indicates High to Very Hazardous risk levels, should be prioritized for detailed assessment and retrofitting, and that local governments should develop incentive policies for these mitigation efforts.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2026Piezoelectric energy harvesters in bridge structures: Evaluation of optimal placement and energy harvesting
Sen, Bugra; Polat, Alper; Kapicioglu, Abdullah; Esen, Hikmet
In the present study, energy is harvested from vibrations in bridge structures caused by vehicle passages using piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEHs). In order to maximize the energy harvested, it was aimed to specify the optimal locations of PEHs. In the study, energy harvesting from vibrations in bridge structures was achieved using three different vehicle loads and three different piezoelectric materials. The project of the Ku & scedil;saray & imath;-2 bridge, located in Ku & scedil;saray & imath; village in Baskil, Elaz & imath;& gbreve;, was modelled in the ANSYS program using real measurements. The bridge was analyzed for modal, harmonic, and piezoelectric energy harvesting, respectively. The type with the highest energy production was determined using three different piezoelectric materials (PZT-4, PZT-5A, and PZT-8) for a total of 9 PEHs, and a total of 13 different analyses were performed under three different vehicle loads (60 kN, 90 kN, and 120 kN) to compare the results. The maximum total power obtained from all nine PEHs was 1.484 & micro;W under the 120 kN load with PZT-5A. The maximum power obtained from a single PEH (PEH-1) was 0.49 & micro;W. This power achieved will be adequate for wireless sensor systems used for monitoring the structural health of bridges, and considering that energy harvesting through vibration is independent of meteorological elements, unlike energy sources such as solar and wind, the environmental damage caused by waste batteries in existing systems will be prevented with the dissemination of these systems. With the development of these systems, the energy needs of services such as lighting and traffic signs can be supplied. The results provide an important foundation for the development of vibration-based energy harvesting systems in bridge structures. Thus, the study stands out as an innovative step toward sustainable energy generation in structural engineering.
- MakaleYalnız künye2025The effect of electromagnetic fields on building materials: The case of base stations
Baran, Zeki; Polat, Alper
This study investigates the electromagnetic field (EMF) permeability characteristics of widely used construction materials to determine their effectiveness in electromagnetic insulation against radiation emitted by base stations. Field measurements were conducted at 81 base stations located in the city center of Diyarbak & imath;r in accordance with the standards of the Information and Communication metal, lead, PVC, XPS, and recycled concrete. The results indicate that the highest average electromagnetic field intensity was measured in free-space conditions (3.37 V/m), whereas lead exhibited the most effective shielding performance with an average value of 1.01 V/m, corresponding to an attenuation of approximately 70%. Metal sheets also showed strong shielding capability with an average value of 1.29 V/m. Among conventional materials, recycled concrete demonstrated lower electromagnetic permeability (2.13 V/m) compared to standard concrete (2.60 V/m). Thickness-dependent measurements revealed that increasing recycled concrete thickness from 3 cm to 7 cm reduced electromagnetic field intensity from up to 2.93 V/m to as low as 1.64 V/m, representing a reduction of approximately 44%. Measurements conducted inside and outside the safety distance further confirmed that EMF levels outside the safety distance can be more than twice those measured inside. Overall, the findings demonstrate that material type, thickness, and safety distance play a critical role in reducing electromagnetic exposure. Recycled concrete emerges as a sustainable and effective alternative for electromagnetic shielding in building design.
- DergiJOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING & APPLIED MECHANICS
