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- MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ1Dietary exposure and health risk assessment of fumonisins through the consumption of maize and maize-based gluten-free products in individuals with celiac disease
Tuyben, Eylem Ezgi; Sevim, Sumeyra; Macit, Arife; Kizil, Mevlude
Introduction: Individuals with celiac disease (CD) must adhere to a gluten-free diet (GFD) and are therefore at high risk of fumonisin exposure due to their high consumption of maize and maize-based products. This study aimed to determine the concentrations of fumonisins (FB1, FB2, and FB3) in packaged gluten-free (GF) maize and maizebased products sold in Turkey and to assess dietary exposure and health risks in adults with CD using a probabilistic approach. Methods: Fumonisin concentrations of 51 GF products were analyzed by Enzyme-Linked Immonosorbent Assay (ELISA) and daily food consumption data were collected from 67 individuals with CD through a food frequency questionnaire. Exposure was estimated using Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) values and probabilistic risk assessment with Monte Carlo simulation. Results: The highest fumonisins concentrations were detected in the pasta/rice/bulgur group, while the flour/starch group was the food group contributed most to total fumonisins exposure due to higher consumption. Although the average EDI values were below the Tolerable Daily Intake (TDI; 1 μg/kg bw/day) set by European Food Safety Authority’s (EFSA) and Provisional maximum tolerable daily intakes (PMTDI; 2 μg/kg bw/day) established by Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives’s (JECFA) values, individuals at the 95th percentile approached 132.88–167.89% of the PMTDI value in the flour/starch group and 79.00–82.38% in the pasta/rice/bulgur group. Discussion: These findings highlight the need for continuous monitoring and stricter regulatory oversight and dietary guidance to protect vulnerable populations.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2024ASSESSMENT OF URBAN FLOOD RISKS OF THE CITIES USING ENTROPY-VIKOR METHODS IN TURKIYE
Derse, Onur; Polat, Elifcan Gocmen
In recent years, there is growing interest for evaluation of urban flood risks of cities over the past decade due to rapid urbanization and climate change. The optimal flood risk assessment is strategically achieved not only with classical risk modelling approaches but also with holistic and comprehensive framework. This paper focuses on a detailed flood assessment providing risk database for policymakers and urban planners to decide the flood prone areas in Turkey. In this context, the Entropy based VIKOR (VIseKriterijumska Optimizacija Kompromisno Resenje) was provided to evaluate a range of flood risk criteria named number of floods, population density and number of buildings, flood protection area which are under the concept of risk dimension including hazard, exposure and vulnerability aspects. Computational results demonstrate that the provinces of & Scedil;anl & imath;urfa, Ordu, Zonguldak and Van are assigned with higher urban risk values, respectively and the ranking of the cities was presented with different q values. The findings should support practitioners and researchers for land use planning and risk reduction works as the detailed flood risk evaluation was presented in terms of the flood management.
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İncele - Kitap BölümüAçık Erişim2024Scopus SJRQ4Heavy Metals in Cetraria islandica: Health Risk Assessment
Topal, Murat; Arslan Topal, E. Işıl; Öbek, Erdal; Aslan, Ali
In this chapter, potential human health risk of the heavy metals associated with usage of Cetraria islandica were evaluated. Heavy metals (lead, cadmium, manganese, chromium, copper, zinc, and nickel) were determined in Cetraria islandica. Highest and lowest heavy metal values were 87 ± 4.3 mg/kg for manganese (Mn) and 0.12 ± 0.01 mg/kg for cadmium (Cd). When potential health risk was assessed, the doses of exposure for man, woman, and child followed the order of bread > tea > dermal. Risk of health for bread and tea were child > woman > man. Also, risk of health for dermal was woman > child > man. Non-carcinogenic risk was woman > child > man for dermal way. Non-carcinogenic risks were child > woman > man for dietary. Highest total hazard index (THI) was 6.33 for chromium (Cr), lowest THI was 0.22 for zinc (Zn). THIs were zinc < copper < cadmium < nickel < lead < manganese < chromium. The THIs were higher than 1 for chromium, manganese and lead. Total highest carcinogenic value was 1.73E−03 for Ni and minimum was 1.19 E−05 for lead. Carcinogenic risks for bread (cadmium, nickel and chromium) were high. As a result, it was determined that Cetraria islandica may cause cancer risk if consumed as additive in bread. It was determined that if Cetraria islandica was consumed as tea and cream, there would be no risk of cancer and could not adversely affect human health.
- MakaleYalnız künye2024Scopus SJRQ3Ochratoxin a levels in Turkish coffee: a probabilistic health risk assessment via Monte Carlo simulation
Sevim, Sumeyra; Macit, Arife; Kizil, Mevlude
Throughout history, Turkish coffee has been the most widely consumed type of coffee in Turkey. Therefore, the goal of this study was to determine the amount of ochratoxin A (OTA) present in Turkish coffee and to analyze any potential health hazards. A total of 41 Turkish coffees were collected and analyzed for OTA activity using a competitive enzyme immunoassay (ELISA). Furthermore, dietary exposure and health risk assessments for the Turkish population were calculated based on analytical results and coffee consumption data from the Turkish Nutrition and Health Survey 2019 (TNHS-2019) in three age categories (15–18, 19–64, and 65 + years). Nine of the samples contained more than 2.5 μg/kg OTA, with an average of 5.24 μg/kg. The OTA concentration in 3 samples exceeded the permissible maximum limit (5 μg/kg) established by Turkish legislation, and the mean concentration was 8.41 μg/kg. A margin of exposure (MOE) approach was used for risk characterization, considering both non-neoplastic and neoplastic consequences. There were no concerns about health risks because MOEs were more than 10,000 for all categories. Although the levels of OTA analyzed in Turkish coffee did not pose a risk to individuals in the three age categories, emphasis should be placed on minimizing and controlling OTA concentrations in Turkish coffee. Additionally, it is also necessary to consider other food sources that could contribute to OTA exposure.
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İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2016Scopus SJRQ2Toxicity of Engineered Nickel Oxide and Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles to Artemia salina in Seawater
Ates, Mehmet; Demir, Veysel; Arslan, Zikri; Camas, Mustafa; Celik, Fatih
In this study, the effects of exposure to engineered nickel oxide (NiO 40-60 nm) and cobalt oxide (CoO < 100 nm) nanoparticles (NP) were investigated on Artemia salina. Aggregation and stability of the aqueous NP suspensions were characterized by DLS and TEM. Acute exposure was conducted on nauplii (larvae) in seawater in a concentration range from 0.2 to 50 mg/L NPs for 24 h (short term) and 96 h (long term). The hydrodynamic diameters of NiO and CoO NPs in exposure medium were larger than those estimated by TEM. Accumulation rate of NiO NPs were found to be four times higher than that of CoO NPs under the same experimental conditions. Examinations under phase contrast microscope showed that the nanoparticles accumulated in the intestine of Artemia, which increased with increasing exposure concentration. Differences were observed in the extent of dissolution of the NPs in the seawater. The CoO NPs dissolved significantly while NiO NPs were relatively more stable. Oxidative stress induced by the NP suspensions was measured by malondialdehyde assay. Suspensions of NiO NPs caused higher oxidative stress on nauplii than those of CoO NPs. The results imply that CoO and NiO NPs exhibit toxicity on Artemia (e. g., zooplankton) that is an important source of food in aquatic food chain.
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