Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
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- MakaleAçık Erişim2023Scopus SJRQ3Bioremediation of herbicide diquat dibromide from aqueous solution with white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium
Yildirim, Numan; Ciftci, Emine; Erguven, Gokhan Onder; Durmus, Barbaros
In this study, the fungal bioremediation of herbicide diquat dibromide (DD) by white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium was studied. After bioremediation, the reduction in toxicity of the remediated media was evaluated by Daphnia magna as a model organism. For bioremediation studies, flask-level batch experiments were performed at different DD concentrations (10, 20 and 50 ppm) under static and agitated conditions. The highest reduction rates of chemical oxygen demand and total organic carbon were determined as 85.92 (for 20 ppm DD) and 87.46% (for 10 ppm DD), respectively under agitated conditions. After bioremediation, D. magna bioassay was used for toxicity assessment during 24, 48 and 72-h periods. In current study, it was observed that P. chrysosporium has very effective bioremediation capacity for diquat dibromide. The D. magna bioassay revealed that P. chrysosporium provides effective reduction in toxicity of diquat dibromide.
- Yüksek Lisans TeziAçık Erişim2022Beyaz çürükçül mantar Phanerochaete chrysosporium ile sulu çözeltiden Herbisit Dikuat Dibromür'ün biyoıslahı
Emine Çiftçi
Pestisitler toksik ve biyosidal maddeler olup çevre açısından önemli bir kirleticidir. Pestisitlerin kontrolsüz ve aşırı bir şekilde kullanımı ile depolanmaları, bertaraf edilmeleri esnasında yapılan yanlışlıklar çevre kirliliğine yol açmaktadır. Düşük konsantrasyonlarda bile uygulama alanlarından taşınabilir ve toprak hava, su ortamlarına geçerek ciddi çevre sorunlarına neden olabilmektedirler. Çalışmada sulu çözeltiden yabancı ve istenmeyen otlarla mücadelede kullanılan bir pestisit türü olan dikuat dibromür (DD) herbisitinin biyoıslahı (biyoiyileştirme) ve iyileştirme sonrası ortamın toksisitesi araştırılmıştır. Dikuat dibromürün biyoıslahı için bir beyaz çürükçül mantar türü olan Phanerochaete chrysosporium fungusu kullanılmıştır. 10, 20 ve 50 ppm konsantrasyonlarda hazırlanan ortamlardan 1, 3, 5 ve 7 günlük sürelerde örnekler alınmış, bu ortamlarda kimyasal oksijen ihtiyacı, toplam organik karbon ve mortalite değerleri incelenmiştir. Mortalite deneyinde su ortamında her türlü kimyasal değişime duyarlı olan Daphnia magna indikatör canlısı kullanılmıştır. Mortalite deneyinde 24, 48 ve 72 saatlik sürelerde D. magna bireylerinin hazırlanan deney ortamlarındaki ölüm oranları incelenmiştir. Yapılan çalışma sonucunda P. chrysosporium fungusunun sulu çözeltilerden dikuat dibromürün biyoiyileştirmesinde etkili olduğu ve giderim sonrası uygulanan toksisite deneyinde P. chrysosporium'un herbisit dikuat dibromürü daha toksik ürünlere çevirmeden verimli bir şekilde iyileştirilebildiği ortaya konmuştur.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2022Scopus SJRQ3The use of Phanerochaete chrysosporium as an alternative bioremedia-tion tool of heavy metal, chemical oxygen demand and phosphate from landfill leachate
Yildirim, Numan; Kardas, Elif; Ince, Muharrem
In this study, in order to investigate the bioremediation efficiency of Phanerochaete chrysosporium, chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction, total phosphate levels and heavy metal (Fe2+, Mn2+, Zn2+ and Cu2+) removal were determined in five different experimental groups (control, X, Y, Z, and T) under static culture conditions containing leachate at different incubation periods (5, 10, and 20 d). At the end of the 20th day of incubation, 84% Mn2+ and Zn2+ removal was achieved in X application group. In the same application group, 90.88% COD reduction was also obtained. The lowest total phosphate value was determined as 2.63 g L–1 in T group compared with control group (5.0 g L–1). Similar improvements have been identified in other application groups in terms of metal removal, total phosphate levels and COD reduction. As a result, the findings obtained from our study show that white rot fungus P. chrysosporium can be used as an alternative biological resource in the studies for improving landfill leachate in terms of metal removal efficacy, COD and total phosphate level reduction capacity.
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İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2019Scopus SJRQ2Phanerochaete chrysosporium as a model organism to assess the toxicity of municipal landfill leachate from Elazığ, Turkey
Yildirim, Numan; Yildirim, Nuran Cikcikoglu; Tatar, Sule; Alp, Hevidar
In order to evaluate the potential ecological risk and the toxic effect of landfill leachate (LL), Phanerochaete chrysosporium was exposed to LL and their biochemical response was observed by using antioxidant parameters. Phanerochaete chrysosporium, ME 446, was kept at 4 °C after being sub-cultured at 28 °C on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA). Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activities, and malaondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels of P. chrysosporium exposed to different dilution rates of leachate (1/10 and 1/20) for 24 and 96 h were analyzed by using the ELISA method. The physiochemical parameters such as pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD) of leachate, and reference water were analyzed by using the YSI Professional Plus handheld multiparameter meter. In this study, SOD activities were decreased in the application groups compared with the Control Group at the 24th and 96th hours. CAT activities and GSH levels increased in the application groups compared with the Control Group at the 24th hour but decreased at the 96th hours. MDA levels increased in all of the application groups when compared with the Control Group for both 24 and 96 h. Different concentration of LL induces oxidative stress in P. chrysosporium, increased CAT activity and MDA levels, and decreased SOD activity and GSH levels.
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