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Koleksiyondaki öğeler
- MakaleAçık Erişim2025Scopus SJRQ1Physiological effects of MAP and calcium chloride treatments on biochemical metabolites and quality stability by reducing respiration rate in sweet cherry fruit during storage
Çolak, Ayşen Melda; Çelik, Kenan; Gündeşli, Muhammed Ali; Gündoğdu, Özlem; Küçüker, Emine; Berk, Selma Kuru; Aglar, Erdal; Gundogdu, Muttalip
Background: Sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) is an important fruit species with its high nutritional value and fresh consumption rate. However, it is very sensitive to mechanical damage, decay, water loss and microbial spoilage in the post-harvest period. Therefore, new preservation methods are needed to extend shelf life and preserve quality. In this study, the effects of postharvest 4% calcium chloride (CaCl₂) and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) treatments on quality traits (weight loss, decay rate, SSC, titratable acidity, pH, respiration rate) and biochemical compounds (organic acids, vitamin C and phenolic compounds) of sweet cherry fruit were investigated. Results: During the storage period, the weight loss reached 7.14%, the lowest loss was observed in the CaCl₂+MAP group. The highest decay rate was measured in the control group with 11.30%, and the CaCl₂+MAP combination was the method that limited decay the most. SSC increased over time, but the lowest levels remained in the CaCl₂+MAP group. The titratable acidity value decreased from 1.12% to 0.82%, CaCl₂+MAP application was the method that best preserved acidity. The pH value increased by 25.2%, the lowest pH was again determined in the CaCl₂+MAP group. The respiration rate decreased by 77%, the lowest respiration rate was determined in the CaCl₂+MAP application. Organic acid and vitamin C contents decreased over time, and the application that best limited these losses was CaCl₂+MAP. Significant decreases were also observed in phenolic compounds, and the combined application preserved phenolic stability at the highest level. Conclusion: CaCl₂ and MAP applications were effective in preserving the quality characteristics and bioactive compounds of sweet cherry fruit, especially the combined application (CaCl₂+MAP) gave the most successful results. Therefore, in order to prevent post-harvest quality losses and extend shelf life, it is recommended that CaCl₂ and MAP applications be evaluated together by the producer and the supply chain.
AtıfScopus4OpenAlex3
İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ1Preparation of Nanographene-Based Copolymer Nanocomposites: Thermal Decomposition Kinetic, Optical, and Electrical Behaviors
Barim, Esra; Demirelli, Kadir
The poly(4-methacryloyloxyphenyl-4'-methoxystyryl ketone-co-methyl methacrylate) [P(MPMESK0.25-co-MMA)] was synthesized using a free radical copolymerization method at 60 °C. The composition of the copolymer was estimated by 1H-NMR. The nanocomposites of P(MPMESK0.25-co-MMA)-loaded 9 and 11 wt% nanographene (NG) were produced using the ultrasonic homogenizer sonicator. The FT-IR, 1H-NMR, GPC, TGA, XRD, and SEM techniques were used to characterize the copolymer and composites. The thermal behavior of P(MPMESK0.25-co-MMA) partially heated up to 270, 310, 340, and 380 °C was investigated by FT-IR analysis. A six-membered anhydride ring in the copolymer backbone formed at 340 °C and higher temperatures. TG measurements were used to analyze the thermal decomposition processes of pure P(MPMESK0.25-co-MMA) and P(MPMESK0.25-co-MMA)/NG 11 wt% composite. Apparent activation energies for thermal decomposition of P(MPMESK0.25-co-MMA)/NG 11 wt% were determined using the Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO) and Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose (KAS) methods at a temperature range of 200 and 400 °C for a weight loss of approximately 70%. The average activation energies determined from the FWO and KAS methods were 86.3 and 80.3 kJ/mol, respectively. The dielectric and electrical behaviors of the P(MPMESK0.25-co-MMA) and P(MPMESK0.25-co-MMA)/NG 11 wt% composite were investigated at room temperature. The dc activation energy for dc conductivity of nanocomposite was calculated as 1.092 eV. Optical properties such as absorption, reflectance, refractive index, absorption edge, direct band gap of the copolymer, and composites were investigated from their optical examinations in the wavelength region of 200–800 nm. It was found that the optical energy gap values had shifted to the lower energies with the doping of NG.
AtıfScopus1OpenAlex1İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2025Scopus SJRQ2A New Ground-Motion Prediction Model for Shallow Crustal Earthquakes in Türkiye
Çeken, Ulubey; Sertçelik, Fadime; İçen, Abdullah
The recent expansion of the strong-motion observation network, along with the increase in data obtained during major earthquakes and efforts to create consistent metadata for source, path, and site effects for both old and new records, has significantly improved the quality of data and the level of modeling in Türkiye. The mainshock and aftershock records of the 6 February 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquake doublet (MW 7.8 and 7.7), which are among the most destructive earthquakes in world history, constitute an up-to-date and important data source for this study. In this study, we present new ground-motion prediction models (GMPMs) for shallow crustal earthquakes using strong-motion data recorded in Türkiye. Our GMPMs are calibrated using 20,173 strong-motion records from 1565 shallow crustal earthquakes with depths of less than 35 km that occurred in Türkiye and its vicinity between 1976 and 2023. Our model is valid for magnitudes ranging from 4.0 to 7.8 (MW), and for the time-averaged 30 m shear wave velocity (VS30) values of 975 stations, which ranged from 131 to 1862 m/s. In the analyses performed, using the recently developed site amplification model, we calculated the model coefficients using the mixed-effects regression algorithms used by the GMPM developers. Additionally, a heteroscedastic model was created for aleatory variability as a function of MW. The closest distance to the surface projection of the fault plane (RJB) is between 0 and 350 km. Using the metadata prepared according to these criteria, we derived up-to-date ground-motion prediction models for horizontal-component peak ground velocity (PGV), peak ground acceleration (PGA), and 5% damped pseudo-spectral acceleration (PSA) response spectra, at 36 periods ranging from 0.01 to 10 s. The variability in the predictions was decomposed into within-event, between-event, and site-to-site deviations to determine the total standard deviations (σ). Compared to previous models, the proposed GMPMs were developed using a much richer database with recent major earthquakes, and the consistent estimates and lower residuals in the comparisons support the reliability of the models.
AtıfScopus4WoS3OpenAlex4İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2026Scopus SJRQ2Drying temperature-dependent changes in grape seed bioactives and oxidative status: integrated HPLC/GC and multivariate analysis
Karaca Sanyürek, Nesrin
Abstract: Drying temperature (40–80 °C) critically influences the stability of bioactive compounds in grape seeds and their functional responses. In this study, we evaluated the vitamin and phytosterol content of Boğazkere grape seeds using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and the fatty acid content using gas chromatography (GC). Antioxidant capacity was determined using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and the oxidative stress marker, malondialdehyde (MDA). Temperature-dependent and compound-specific alterations were observed: while selected vitamins and phytosterols showed distinct thermal susceptibilities, fatty acid profiles exhibited measurable remodeling. Antioxidant activity revealed non-linear dose- and temperature-dependent patterns, whereas MDA consistently decreased with increasing temperature, reflecting the reduced oxidative metabolism in dehydrated tissues. Multivariate analysis, including principal component analysis (PCA) and heatmap visualization, effectively discriminated temperature treatments and revealed correlations between compositional and functional parameters. The combined use of univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that the drying temperature reshaped not only individual bioactive compounds but also the overall biochemical profile of grape seeds. These findings establish a mechanistic link between thermal processing and bioactive stability, providing a chemical basis for optimizing grape seed valorization in food systems.
- MakaleYalnız künye2025Scopus SJRQ2Phase Stability, Structural Properties, Electronegativity, Mechanical Properties, and Neutron and Gamma-Ray Attenuation Properties of Cantor High Entropy Alloys for Advanced Nuclear Applications
Tekin, H.O.; Güler, Ömer; Özkul, İskender; AlMisned, Ghada; Baykal, Duygu Sen; Alkarrani, Hessa; Kilic, G.; Mesbahi, A.
High Entropy Alloys (HEAs) hold considerable potential for sophisticated nuclear applications, offering a vast spectrum of compositional tuning to enhance mechanical properties at high temperatures, as well as to increase resistance to radiation and corrosion. This study explores the suitability of Cantor HEAs, specifically the CoCrFeMnNi matrix enriched with elements such as Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, and W, for nuclear applications. These elements were selected for their high atomic numbers and neutron capture cross-sections, vital for enhancing gamma-ray and neutron shielding properties. Utilizing advanced computational and theoretical methods, the elastic modulus of these alloys was theoretically estimated while their radiation attenuation capabilities were evaluated through different Monte Carlo simulation codes. CoCrFeMnNiW demonstrated the highest elastic modulus (340.9 GPa), indicating significant mechanical robustness. The addition of W resulted in superior gamma-ray attenuation, with the lowest gamma-ray transmission factors and highest neutron shielding effectiveness among the studied alloys. The calculated mass attenuation coefficients and effective removal cross-sections values demonstrate the potential of these HEAs to provide effective radiation shielding. Our results showed a clear correlation between the elastic modulus and radiation attenuation properties, suggesting that mechanical stiffness does not compromise shielding capabilities. The comprehensive analysis of thermodynamic and structural parameters, including entropy of mixing, mixing enthalpy, and Valence Electron Concentration (VEC), provided essential insights into phase stability and microstructural characteristics. It can be concluded that CoCrFeMnNiW and its related Cantor HEAs as promising materials for advancing nuclear technology, offering a new horizon for safer and more efficient nuclear systems.
AtıfScopus9OpenAlex13İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2025Scopus SJRQ2Role of Rare-Earth Cerium in Martensitic Transformation and Magnetic Properties of Cu-Al-Mn Alloys
Özkul, İskender; Kalay, Ece; Karaduman, Oktay; Kizilgün, Yasİn; Güler, Ömer; Canbay, Canan Aksu
This study investigates the effects of different cerium additions on the properties of Cu-Al-Mn high-temperature shape memory alloy (HTSMA), such as the characteristic martensitic transformation temperatures, transformational kinetic parameters, and martensitic microstructures which are related to its shape memory mechanism and also to its magnetic behavior. Polycrystalline alloys with a base composition of Cu77.32Al21.02Mn1.67 (at.%) were synthesized, and varying concentrations of cerium (Ce-1 to Ce-4) were added for comparison. Differential scanning calorimetry tests revealed notable increments in transformation temperatures with cerium additions. Specifically, the austenite start temperature of the reference alloy increased from 143.75 °C to 194.88 °C by 0.05 at.% of Ce addition (Ce-3 alloy), corresponding to the formation of CeCu5 and Mn1.15Cu3.85Ce phases. However, excessive Ce addition in Ce-4 led to the over-stabilization of secondary phases, reducing the transformation temperatures. Microstructural analysis indicated that Ce addition of refined grains changed the crystallite size of the martensite structure and reduced lattice strain (from 0.72% to 0.34%). Magnetic characterization demonstrated that Ce addition shifted the alloy towards paramagnetic behavior, with M-H curves showing no significant coercive field or remanent magnetization across the studied alloy samples. These findings suggest that cerium can enhance the high-temperature performance of Cu-Al-Mn HTSMAs, with potential applications in environments requiring both shape memory and magnetic properties.
AtıfScopus3WoS3İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2025Scopus SJRQ2High thermal stability and dielectric performance of phenylhydrazine-based Schiff base oligomers obtained via oxidative polycondensation
Solmaz, Adnan; Kaya, İsmet; Bayır, Erdal
In this study, the 2-PHMBD Schiff base, synthesized through the condensation of 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (2,4-DHBA) with phenylhydrazine (PH), was subjected to oxidative polymerization in a basic medium using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), and molecular oxygen (O2) as oxidizing agents. Three oligomers, designated as o-(2-PHMBD)-P, o-(2-PHMBD)-H, and o-(2-PHMBD)-O, were successfully obtained and comprehensively characterized by FT-IR, 1H-13C-NMR, UV–Vis, CV, GPC, SEM, TGA, and DSC analyses. Spectroscopic results confirmed the successful polymerization, while morphological and thermal analyses revealed the distinct physical characteristics of the oligomers. According to GPC data, o-(2-PHMBD)-H exhibited the highest average molecular weight of 4700 Da, and TGA analysis demonstrated that o-(2-PHMBD)-O had the highest thermal stability with a residue of 46% at 1000 °C. The DSC results showed the highest glass transition temperature of 132 °C for o-(2-PHMBD)-H. UV–Vis and CV measurements indicated reduced optical and electrochemical band gaps compared with the monomer, with the lowest optical band gap determined as 2.74 eV. Dielectric measurements revealed that o-(2-PHMBD)-H displayed the highest dielectric constant of 2.57 and conductivity of 2.49 × 10⁻7 S cm⁻1. These results demonstrate that phenylhydrazine-based Schiff base oligomers possess high thermal stability and favorable dielectric properties, making them promising materials for optoelectronic and dielectric device applications.
AtıfScopus3WoS2OpenAlex4İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ1Modulation of SIRT1/PPARγ pathways and tight junction proteins by nicotinamide riboside under chronic variable stress
Celik, Abdullah; Sahin, Nurhan; Orhan, Cemal; Er, Besir; Erten, Fusun; Ozmen, Busra; Tuzcu, Mehmet; Ozercan, Ibrahim Hanifi; Sahin, Kazim
Abstract: Chronic stress disrupts homeostasis, leading to major health problems such as liver damage, intestinal barrier dysfunction, and impaired glucose metabolism. Although current treatments, including anxiolytics, sedatives, antidepressants, and beta blockers, are effective, their adverse effects emphasize the need for safer alternatives. Nicotinamide riboside (NR), a precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), plays a central role in energy metabolism and oxidative stress regulation; elevated NAD + levels have been associated with reduced risk of chronic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. However, the effects of NR on liver metabolism, intestinal barrier integrity, and related protein pathways remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of NR supplementation in rats exposed to chronic variable stress (CVS). Fifty-six male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into normal and CVS groups and treated in a 2 × 4 factorial design with 0, 150, 300, or 600 mg/kg NR. Under CVS conditions, serum glucose, corticosterone, ACTH, and insulin levels increased, whereas NAD+, NADPH, nicotinamide (NAM), and nicotinic acid (NA) decreased significantly (p < 0.001). NR supplementation effectively corrected these biochemical imbalances and upregulated hepatic markers, including PPARγ, SIRT1, GLUT2, IRS1, and FASN (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the increased expression of key transport proteins such as PepT1, LAT2, EAAT3, FABP2, and FATP4 contributed to maintaining intestinal barrier integrity and improving gut health. NR also promoted the recovery of tight and adherens junction proteins. Notably, high-dose NR (600 mg/kg) markedly alleviated liver fibrosis, improved glucose metabolism, and strengthened intestinal barrier function, demonstrating its therapeutic potential as an alternative strategy against stress-induced metabolic disorders. Key points: • NR mitigated chronic stress-induced liver, intestinal, and glucose dysregulation. • NR improved glycemia and NAD⁺-related biomarkers under stress. • NR reduced hepatic fibrosis markers. • NR strengthened TJ/AJ proteins, supporting intestinal barrier integrity. • Findings support NR’s therapeutic potential in stress-related metabolism.
- MakaleYalnız künye2025Scopus SJRQ1Modifying the magnetic characteristics of ferrimagnetic TbFeCo by adjusting the thickness of the L11-ordered CoPt
Yüzüak, Gizem Durak
This study investigates structural and magnetic properties of 200 nm TbFeCo ferrimagnetic thin films. These films were formed by depositing L11-ordered CoPt buffer layers on Si(100) substrates, followed by (111)-textured Pt layers. The TbFeCo films were produced at room temperature by magnetron sputtering, and their characteristics were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and magnetic force microscopy (MFM). The above-mentioned techniques were used to figure out the films’ crystallographic structure, magnetic properties, and the surface characteristics. XRD analysis showed that TbFeCo films without the CoPt layer were only crystalline in the Pt(111) and Pt(222) directions. Conversely, films that were buffered with a CoPt layer developed the L11-ordered CoPt phase, especially in the CoPt(222) and CoPt(444) directions. This issue was linked to an increase in the CoPt unit cell parameter, indicating bulk-like crystallinity, particularly in the 20 nm CoPt layer, while the TbFeCo layer remained amorphous. The FIB-SEM showed that the layers were all gathered the thickness of 20 nm for Pt, 10 or 20 nm for CoPt, and 200 nm for TbFeCo with homogeneous distributed the elements in the Tb46Fe41Co13 composition matrix. Magnetic characterization from VSM measurements ranged from 5 to 350 K and revealed significant differences based on CoPt thickness. At 300 K, the coercive field (HC) got stronger as the thickness of the CoPt layer risen up. For 0, 10, and 20 nm CoPt, the HC was 2.8, 3.3, and 4.1 kOe, and the MS values were about 205, 229, and 234 emu/cm³, respectively. The L11-ordered CoPt underlayer facilitated strong exchange coupling at the TbFeCo/CoPt interface, which is responsible for these improvements. AFM and MFM measurements indicated that surface roughness, and hence magnetic pinning sites, increased dramatically with CoPt thickness. These pinning sites inhibited magnetic domain wall motion, increasing HC values in the out-of-plane direction. This kind of magnetic stability leads to excellent qualities, like higher HC and better thermal stability up to 350 K, that make these films interesting for use in spintronics and data storage, where HC and thermal resilience are important.
AtıfScopus3WoS3OpenAlex3İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2026Scopus SJRQ1Psychological well-being and aggression in handball players: examining the mediating role of exercise addiction
Güler, Muhammed; Yeşiltepe, Akgün; Topcuoğlu, Ceyhun
Objective: This study aimed to examine the relationship between psychological well-being and aggression among handball players and to determine whether exercise addiction mediates this relationship. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, and correlational design was used. The population consisted of players competing in the Turkish Handball Leagues during the 2024–2025 season, and 442 athletes participated using a non-probability sampling method. Data were collected via an online survey including a personal information form, the Psychological Well-Being Scale, the Buss–Perry Aggression Questionnaire, and the Exercise Addiction Inventory. Results: Psychological well-being showed a significant negative correlation with aggression (r = −0.242, p < 0.001). Exercise addiction was positively associated with both psychological well-being (r = 0.212, p < 0.001) and aggression (r = 0.105, p = 0.027). Mediation analysis indicated that exercise addiction significantly and partially mediated the relationship between psychological well-being and aggression (indirect effect 95% CI: 0.0246–0.1654). The direct effect of psychological well-being on aggression remained significant (β = −0.7093, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Higher psychological well-being was associated with lower aggression among handball players, whereas exercise addiction was associated with both higher psychological well-being and higher aggression and emerged as a partial statistical mediator of this relationship. These findings may help inform future studies and preventive strategies focusing on athlete mental health and behavioral regulation. However, because of the cross-sectional design, causal inferences cannot be drawn.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ4Petrography, geochemistry and formation of the Sarıçimen (Van, eastern Türkiye) Fe-Ni-Co laterite deposit
Çimen, Okay
The Sarıçimen Fe-Ni laterite deposit is located in eastern Türkiye (Van province) and represents one of the important Ni and Co-enriched lateritic mineralizations formed in the ophiolitic occurences. This study aims to decipher the petrographic and geochemical signatures of the laterite horizon in order to better figure out the processes controlling Fe-Ni-Co mineralization and the genesis of the deposit. In this study, field and petrographic observations, and whole-rock geochemical data have been used to characterize the mineralogical and geochemical evolution of the lateritic horizon. Petrographic studies indicate that the protolith of the laterite zone is mostly composed of serpentinized ultramafic rocks including relics of Cr-spinel and chromite grains. This lateritic zone is characterized by hematite-and magnetite-rich zones formed above saprolitic levels that may have been derived from the weathering of ultramafic parent rocks. Whole rock geochemical analyses indicate that Fe₂O₃ and SiO₂ are the dominant oxides, and Ni concentrations vary between 0.33 and 1.01 wt.%. Also, Co values are ranging between 330 ppm and 600 ppm in the laterite samples investigated here. More importantly, correlation analyses exhibit a positive relationship between Ni and Fe₂O₃ and this may be attributed to a close association with Fe-oxide minerals during the lateritization. In contrast, a negative correlation between Ni and SiO₂ may indicate the presence of silica depletion during chemical weathering. The geochemical trends investigated here reveal that the laterite zone developed through intense lateritic weathering of ultramafic rocks, which is characterized by the removal of relatively mobile elements such as Si and Ca and the residual enrichment of Fe, Ni, and Co. The presence of Cr-spinel relics once again confirms the ultramafic origin of the parental rocks. Overall, the Sarıçimen deposit represents a Fe-Ni-Co laterite derived from nearby ultramafic sources within the ophiolitic sequence. The occurrence of Fe-Ni-Co laterite deposits at both the southwestern and northeastern segments of the Southern Neotethys Suture Zone suggests that this tectonic belt may represent a promising metallogenic area for lateritic Fe-Ni-Co mineralization in the southern Türkiye.
- MakaleYalnız künye2026Scopus SJRQ2An Innovative Thermal Management Approach Enhanced by Thermoelectric Stations and Turbulators for Lithium-Ion Batteries
Tuğan, Volkan; Yardımcı, Uğurcan
The design of an effective battery thermal management system is critical to ensure the safe, efficient, and long-lasting operation of lithium-ion batteries. Excessive heat generation and temperature non-uniformity among cells in high energy density battery systems lead to performance degradation, accelerated aging, and an increased risk of thermal runaway. Although liquid-cooled systems and thermoelectric module-assisted solutions have been extensively investigated separately in the literature, studies that holistically evaluate multiple thermoelectric stations combined with an innovative flow channel design and turbulator integration remain limited. This gap constitutes a significant research need, particularly in terms of improving temperature uniformity and reducing maximum cell temperature. In this study, to address this research gap, a novel liquid-cooled battery thermal management system integrating thermoelectric coolers and turbulators within the flow channel is proposed. The thermal performance of the proposed system was systematically analyzed using computational fluid dynamics under three different configurations (conventional system, thermoelectric-assisted system, and turbulator-integrated thermoelectric-assisted system) and four different mass flow rates (0.0008, 0.0013, 0.0018, and 0.0023 kg/s). The results indicate that, at a mass flow rate of 0.0023 kg/s, the integration of thermoelectric coolers and turbulators reduces the maximum battery temperature by 8.95 K and the maximum temperature difference by 6.83 K. At the highest mass flow rate, the proposed system achieves a maximum battery temperature of 306 K and a maximum temperature difference of 4.5 K, ensuring both effective cooling performance and high temperature uniformity. Overall, the results in terms of cooling performance and temperature uniformity demonstrate that the combination of thermoelectric modules and turbulators offers significant potential for advanced battery thermal management system applications and offers an effective solution for high-energy-density systems.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ2Translation-Aware Multilingual Sentiment Analysis: A Comparative Study of Machine Translation Systems and Transformer Ensembles
Aslan, Serpil; Kartoğlu, Celal Şamil; Can, Ümit
Multilingual sentiment analysis remains challenging because of cross-linguistic differences, uneven data availability, and potential shifts in meaning introduced during translation. Rather than proposing a new model, this study examines the performance of translation-based pipelines and ensemble Transformer models in multilingual settings. The primary objective is to investigate differences in downstream sentiment classification performance between translation systems within a consistent evaluation framework. Texts in Arabic, Chinese, French, and Italian are standardized through label harmonization and basic preprocessing and subsequently translated into English using Google Translate and the open-source LibreTranslate. Sentiment classification is performed using three Transformer-based models: DeBERTa-v3, RoBERTa, and BERTweet. The experiments are formulated as a binary polarity-classification task comprising positive and negative instances, with neutral samples excluded because their annotations are not directly comparable across the heterogeneous source datasets. Predictions from the individual models are combined through majority voting without introducing a new ensemble method. Experiments on the resulting binary datasets demonstrate that the ensemble achieves the highest mean weighted F1-score, with low fold-to-fold variation under both translation pipelines. Google Translate yields higher and more consistent classification performance across the evaluated subsets, whereas LibreTranslate exhibits greater variation. Given that the datasets differ in domain and genre, these variations cannot be attributed solely to linguistic differences. Overall, the findings reveal differences in downstream sentiment classification performance between the two translation pipelines and indicate that the ensemble combines high mean performance with low fold-to-fold variation within the evaluated binary setting.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ2Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the pain attention and awareness questionnaire for nonspecific musculoskeletal pain
Sürmeli, Mahmut; Özdemir, Özlem Çinar; Topcuoğlu, Ceyhun
Background: Reliable and valid assessments of pain vigilance and awareness are crucial for understanding and treating pain within cognitive-behavioral frameworks, such as the fear-Avoidance Model. While the Pain Vigilance and Awareness Questionnaire (PVAQ) is a widely used tool for this purpose, no culturally adapted and validated version exists for the Turkish-speaking population, creating an instrumental and clinical gap. Objective: This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and comprehensively evaluate the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the PVAQ in a sample of patients with nonspecific musculoskeletal pain. Methods: An instrumental, cross-sectional study was conducted. The PVAQ was translated and adapted into Turkish according to established guidelines. A sample of 131 patients with low back, neck, or shoulder pain completed the PVAQ-T, the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and a visual analog scale (VAS) for pain intensity. Reliability was assessed via internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) and test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient - ICC). Construct validity was examined via exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Criterion validity was evaluated through Pearson correlations with the PCS, TSK, and HADS. Results: The PVAQ-T demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.83) and good test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.918). EFA supported a two-factor structure (vigilance and awareness), explaining 62.3% of the variance. CFA indicated that the original 16-item model had a suboptimal fit (CFI = 0.807; GFI = 0.732; SRMR = 0.060; RMSEA = 0.138, and χ²/df = 3.46). Following the removal of items 4 and 12 based on exploratory and item-level findings, some fit indices showed modest improvement (CFI = 0.836; GFI = 0.768; SRMR = 0.006), whereas others remained unchanged or worsened (RMSEA = 0.144; χ²/df = 3.69). The PVAQ-T total score showed moderately to strongly, statistically significant (p < 0.001) correlations with the PCS (r = 0.681), TSK (r = 0.694), HADS-Anxiety (r = 0.491), and HADS-Depression (r = 0.416) scores, supporting its criterion validity. Conclusion: Within a Turkish sample of individuals with nonspecific musculoskeletal pain, the 14-item Turkish version of the PVAQ demonstrates adequate reliability and validity for assessing pain-related attention and awareness. While the two-factor structure was supported at the exploratory level, confirmatory findings suggest that results should be interpreted with caution. The PVAQ-TR may be a useful instrument for research and clinical assessment of pain-related attentional processes, highlighting the importance of cultural adaptation and empirical evaluation of psychometric instruments.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2025Scopus SJRQ3The Level of Intimate Partner Violence Against Women, Contributing Factors, and its Effects on Psychological Resilience: An Evaluation of Women in Turkey
Orhan, İ.; Ünal, E.; Ağralı, C.; Küçükkelepçe, D.Ş.
Background: Violence by intimate partners is a serious public health problem that negatively affects women’s physical, emotional, and social well-being. In Turkey, factors such as traditional gender roles, economic inequalities, and cultural norms contribute to the continuation of this form of violence. Understanding how such experiences influence women’s psychological strength is essential for effective support and prevention strategies. Aim: This study aims to determine the relationship between domestic violence against women, the factors affecting it, and levels of psychological resilience among women in Turkey. Patients and Methods: We conducted this research with 425 women residing in Tunceli, Turkey. In this cross-sectional, relational study, data were collected using a personal information form, the Violence Against Women Scale (SVAWS), and the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS). The relationship between scores obtained from the scales was determined through correlation and linear regression analyses. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was calculated to assess the reliability of the scales. Results: The average age of the women who participated in the study was 41.22 ± 12.93 years. Approximately one in four women (24.5%) experienced violence, with the primary reasons for violence being financial problems (40.4%) and issues caused by family members of the couple (28.8%). A significant negative correlation was found between the SVAWS and BRS scores (r = −0.228, P < 0.01). Additionally, there was a significant negative relationship between all subdimensions of the violence scale and psychological resilience. Conclusion: The study found that as the level of violence experienced by women increased, their level of psychological resilience decreased.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2025Scopus SJRQ1Monitoring of organic micropollutant behavior and fate in a full-scale conventional biological urban wastewater treatment plant
Demirbilek, D.; İpek, U.; Yetis, U.
Organic micropollutants, found at trace levels in nature, are causing significant concern due to their toxic, carcinogenic, and mutagenic effects. In this study, the fate and removal of organic micropollutants were monitored covering all seasons in an urban wastewater treatment plant in Turkey. The plant influent, effluent, and aeration basin were sampled seven times in the years of 2019–2020; and three surfactants (linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, nonylphenol mono-di-ethoxylate, nonylphenol), polychlorinated biphenyls and polyaromatic hydrocarbons were monitored in this context. The plant was being operated in the endogenous respiration phase during the monitoring period without sludge removal. Results obtained showed that the highest NH3-N removal (41%) of the study period was realized in March when the lowest mixed liquid volatile suspended solids value (380 mg/L) and the lowest sludge age were observed. In this month, the highest organic micropollutants removal efficiency was obtained in relation to the increased metabolic activity. On the other hand, in August, when the highest mixed liquid volatile suspended solids value (1,750 mg/L) was observed, the lowest organic micropollutants removal was recorded, with the lowest NH3-N removal (6%). The removal of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate and nonylphenol mono-di-ethoxylate was high during the period, and microorganisms could metabolize these pollutants efficiently. Polychlorinated biphenyls, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, and nonylphenol were resistant to metabolic degradation, so they were present in high amounts at various stages of the treatment process. Due to the poor plant treatment performance, a high quantity of organic micropollutants was discharged into the receiving environment.
AtıfScopus2WoS2OpenAlex2İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ2Multifunctional PLA/PHA-Based films incorporating Moluccella spinosa extract for sustainable and antimicrobial food packaging applications
Selcuk Pekdemir, Sibel; Gurler, Nedim; Yilmaz Sancar, Pelin; Karagulle, Burcu; Kok, Mediha; Pekdemir, Mustafa Ersin; Qader, Ibrahim Nazem
In this study, a novel plant-based shape memory biocomposite was developed for sustainable food packaging applications. A poly(lactic acid)/poly(hydroxyalkanoate) (PLA/PHA) blend was reinforced with the ethanolic extract of Moluccella spinosa, a plant recognized for its bioactive constituents. Structural and thermal analyses confirmed the successful incorporation of the extract without compromising the polymer matrix integrity. The results demonstrated improved barrier performance, characterized by lower water vapor permeability, reduced moisture content, and slightly increased opacity with increasing concentrations of M. spinosa extract. In addition, the composite films exhibited enhanced shape memory behavior, which became more pronounced at higher extract concentrations. Antimicrobial assays revealed a limited and selective inhibitory effect, primarily against Gram-positive bacteria (Enterococcus faecalis and Clostridium perfringens), while no notable activity was observed against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. These findings indicate a preliminary antimicrobial potential, likely associated with a sustained-release mechanism rather than strong bactericidal activity. Overall, the integration of M. spinosa extract into the PLA/PHA matrix offers a promising route to design multifunctional, biodegradable packaging materials with shape memory capability, where antimicrobial functionality serves as a complementary feature, contributing to the advancement of environmentally friendly and active food packaging technologies.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ1Technology Acceptance in Sustainable Distance Education
Akti Aslan, Seda; Çekmez, Erdem; Ayaz, Ahmet; Özyurt, Özcan; Aslan, Alper
This study aims to examine the thematic structure and temporal evolution of the literature on technology acceptance in distance education using the Structural Topic Modeling method. Peer-reviewed articles indexed in the Scopus database between 2016 and 2025 were included in the analysis, yielding 18 consistent thematic clusters. Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) Core Constructs and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)/Partial Least Squares (PLS) Methodology emerged as the most prevalent themes, reflecting the field’s sustained reliance on quantitative model-testing approaches. Trend analyses revealed a pronounced decline in TAM Core Constructs, while Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) and Extensions, Hybrid and Emergency Remote Teaching, and Mobile and AI Applications demonstrated significant upward trends. The period comparison showed that pandemic-related themes became markedly prominent in the 2021–2025 period. Topic correlation analysis indicated the presence of competing temporal niches within the literature. Taken together, the findings suggest that research on technology acceptance in distance education is undergoing a structural transition from single-framework TAM dominance toward a multi-model, context-sensitive research paradigm. These findings carry important implications for the sustainable development of technology-enhanced distance education ecosystems and offer evidence-based guidance for researchers and policymakers committed to building inclusive and adaptive educational systems.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ1Real-time photovoltaic voltage data-driven dynamic green s-box generation framework for smart grid security
Aydın, Yılmaz; Garipcan, Ali Murat; Özkaynak, Fatih
In this study, a dynamic substitution box (s-box) generation method is proposed using real-time voltage data obtained from photovoltaic (PV) panels as an environmentally sensitive entropy source. These data, affected by environmental conditions such as solar radiation and temperature, exhibit irregular and unpredictable temporal behavior, offering strong potential for cryptographic randomness generation. In this context, the 0–1 test, Kolmogorov Entropy (KE), scale-index analysis, and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) SP 800-22 test suite are applied to PV voltage data collected at 1-minute intervals, experimentally confirming their chaotic dynamics and high-entropy characteristics. Following appropriate preprocessing and nonlinear mathematical transformations, the validated data are utilized to generate 8-bit s-box structures. The cryptographic strength of the generated s-boxes is quantitatively evaluated using standard security metrics, including nonlinearity (NL), Differential Probability (DP), Linear Probability (LP), Strict Avalanche Criterion (SAC), and Bit Independence Criterion (BIC). The findings reveal that PV data can serve as a functional resource not only for energy monitoring but also for randomness-based cryptographic construction. This approach enables lightweight cryptographic solutions for resource-constrained edge devices requiring <1 KB of memory and supports context-aware data security in renewable energy infrastructures.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2025Scopus SJRQ1Hybrid GA-ConvLSTM for data-driven prediction of climate variables: a case study of the most biodiverse cities in India
Utku, Anıl; Akyol, Sinem
Climate variables affect ecosystems’ structure, sustainability, and biodiversity. Monitoring and analysis of climate variables are essential for the management of ecosystems and the conservation of biodiversity. Temperature affects the distributions, habitats, and phonological events of living things in ecosystems. Humidity is essential for meeting plants’ water needs and the habitat’s quality and health. Dew point is essential for water quality, balance, plant health, and microclimate. Wind speed is essential for pollinating plants, microhabitats, and the health of living things. For such reasons, accurate prediction of climate variables using artificial intelligence methods can effectively predict the future of ecosystems and biodiversity and develop future strategic plans. This study aimed to predict the climate variables of temperature, humidity, dew point, and wind speed of Bhubaneshwar, Dehradun, Guwahati, Mysore, and Nagpur, among the cities with the highest biodiversity in India. It aimed to determine the long-term impacts of climate change on managing ecosystems and biodiversity protection. The hyperparameters of the ConvLSTM model, developed using CNN and LSTM, were optimized with a genetic algorithm, and the GA-ConvLSTM hybrid model was created. GA-ConvLSTM was tested with XGBoost, SVM, ANFIS, CNN, LSTM, and base ConvLSTM using approximately 15 years of hourly, up-to-date, and real-time climate variable data of cities. This work is one of the pioneering studies using GA to optimize deep learning hybrid models for multi-city climate prediction through extensive long-term high-resolution datasets. The experimental results reveal that GA-ConvLSTM outperforms conventional models, producing an R2 score exceeding 0.9 for each city across all climate variables. GA-ConvLSTM produced temperature predictions with 0.833 RMSE and 0.995 R2 for Bhubaneswar, humidity predictions with 3.461 RMSE and 0.990 R2, dew point predictions with 0.632 RMSE and 0.995 R2, and wind speed predictions with 2.278 RMSE and 0.993 R2. The experimental findings confirm the improved performance over conventional models due to SVM and XGBoost failing to achieve these R2 values and high RMSE scores. The research meets three principal obstacles because of the combination of stochastic climate datasets and complex nonlinear patterns, which also encounter limitations in conventional methods for managing scale-dependency relationships and manual parameter adjustments. This approach delivers three main strengths because it combines CNN and LSTM networks through genetic programming while tracking temporal and spatial relationships and processing noisy data automatically, leading to improved results compared to other methods. Unlike other published models in the field, the hybrid model GA-ConvLSTM combines optimized CNN and LSTM elements with genetic algorithm elements. The proposed model received its first application in this research for multi-city climate prediction through training with 15 years of hourly data. Standard methods encounter challenges when detecting long-term dependencies, but GA-ConvLSTM successfully addresses this issue.
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