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- MakaleYalnız künye2023Scopus SJRQ2Chemical Characterization of Different Extracts from Artemisia annua and Their Antioxidant, Enzyme Inhibitory and Anti-Inflammatory Properties
Acquaviva, Alessandra; Nilofar; Bouyahya, Abdelhakim; Zengin, Gokhan; Di Simone, Simonetta Cristina; Recinella, Lucia; Leone, Sheila; Brunetti, Luigi; Uba, Abdullahi Ibrahim; Cakilcioğlu, Ugur
Artemisia annua L. (Asteraceae Family) is an important plant in Asia that has been used for treating different diseases, including fever due to malaria, wounds, tubercolisis, scabues, pain, convulsions, diabetes, and inflammation. In this study we aimed to evaluate the effects of different polarity extracts (hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, ethanol, ethanol/water (70 %) and water) from A. annua against the burden of inflammation and oxidative stress occurring in colon tissue exposed to LPS. In parallel, chemical composition, antiradical, and enzyme inhibition effects against α-amylase, α-glucosidase, tyrosinase, and cholinesterases were evaluated. The water extract contained the highest content of the total phenolic with 34.59 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g extract, while the hexane had the highest content of the total flavonoid (20.06 mg rutin equivalent (RE)/g extract). In antioxidant assays, the polar extracts (ethanol, ethanol/water and water) exhibited stronger radical scavenging and reducing power abilities when compared to non-polar extracts. The hexane extract showed the best AChE, tyrosinase and glucosidase inhibitory effects. All extracts revealed effective anti-inflammatory agents, as demonstrated by the blunting effects on COX-2 and TNFα gene expression. These effects seemed to be not related to the only phenolic content. However, it is worthy of interest to highlight how the higher potency against LPS-induced gene expression was shown by the water extract; thus suggesting a potential phytotherapy application in the management of clinical symptoms related to inflammatory colon diseases, although future in vivo studies are needed to confirm such in vitro and ex vivo observations.
AtıfScopus45OpenAlex43
İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2023Scopus SJRQ1Adding New Scientific Evidences on the Pharmaceutical Properties of Pelargonium quercetorum Agnew Extracts by Using In Vitro and In Silico Approaches
Chiavaroli, Annalisa; Libero, Maria Loreta; Di Simone, Simonetta Cristina; Acquaviva, Alessandra; Nilofar; Recinella, Lucia; Leone, Sheila; Brunetti, Luigi; Cicia, Donatella; Izzo, Angelo Antonio
Pelargonium quercetorum is a medicinal plant traditionally used for treating intestinal worms. In the present study, the chemical composition and bio-pharmacological properties of P. quercetorum extracts were investigated. Enzyme inhibition and scavenging/reducing properties of water, methanol, and ethyl acetate extracts were assayed. The extracts were also studied in an ex vivo experimental model of colon inflammation, and in this context the gene expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) were assayed. Additionally, in colon cancer HCT116 cells, the gene expression of transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M (melastatin) member 8 (TRPM8), possibly involved in colon carcinogenesis, was conducted as well. The extracts showed a different qualitative and quantitative content of phytochemicals, with water and methanol extracts being richer in total phenols and flavonoids, among which are flavonol glycosides and hydroxycinnamic acids. This could explain, at least in part, the higher antioxidant effects shown by methanol and water extracts, compared with ethyl acetate extract. By contrast, the ethyl acetate was more effective as cytotoxic agent against colon cancer cells, and this could be related, albeit partially, to the content of thymol and to its putative ability to downregulate TRPM8 gene expression. Additionally, the ethyl acetate extract was effective in inhibiting the gene expression of COX-2 and TNFα in isolated colon tissue exposed to LPS. Overall, the present results support future studies for investigating protective effects against gut inflammatory diseases.
AtıfScopus35OpenAlex35İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2023Scopus SJRQ1Screening for Chemical Characterization and Pharmacological Properties of Different Extracts from Nepeta italica
Acquaviva, Alessandra; Di Simone, Simonetta Cristina; Nilofar; Bouyahya, Abdelhakim; Zengin, Gokhan; Recinella, Lucia; Leone, Sheila; Brunetti, Luigi; Uba, Abdullahi Ibrahim; Guler, Osman
Plants from the Nepeta genus have been proved to possess different pharmacological properties, among which are antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and cytotoxic effects. Nepeta italica is a medicinal plant traditionally used for its analgesic effects, and in the present study, the phytochemical composition and biological effects of hexane, dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate (EA), ethanol, ethanol-water, and water extracts of the aerial parts were investigated for determining phenolic composition, antioxidant effects, and anti-inflammatory effects in isolated mouse colon specimens exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Polar extracts were the richest in terms of phenolic compounds, especially rosmarinic acid. In parallel, ethanol, ethanol-water, and water extracts were also the most effective as scavenging/reducing and enzyme inhibition agents, especially towards cholinesterases and α-glucosidase, and in inhibiting the LPS-induced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) gene expression in mouse colon. This poses the basis for future in vivo investigations for confirming the protective effects of polar extracts of N. italica against inflammatory bowel diseases.
AtıfScopus31OpenAlex31İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2023Scopus SJRQ1Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry-Based Profiling of Secondary Metabolites in Two Unexplored Eminium Species and Bioactivity Potential
Babacan, Ebru Yuce; Zheleva-Dimitrova, Dimitrina; Gevrenova, Reneta; Bouyahya, Abdelhakim; Balos, Mehmet Maruf; Cakilcioglu, Ugur; Sinan, Kouadio Ibrahime; Zengin, Gokhan
The study aimed at the metabolite profiling and evaluation of antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory properties of methanol extracts from flowers, leaves, and tubers of unexplored Eminium intortum (Banks & Sol.) Kuntze and E. spiculatum (Blume) Schott (Araceae). A total of 83 metabolites, including 19 phenolic acids, 46 flavonoids, 11 amino, and 7 fatty acids were identified by UHPLC-HRMS in the studied extracts for the first time. E. intortum flower and leaf extracts had the highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents (50.82 ± 0.71 mg GAE/g and 65.08 ± 0.38 RE/g, respectively). Significant radical scavenging activity (32.20 ± 1.26 and 54.34 ± 0.53 mg TE/g for DPPH and ABTS) and reducing power (88.27 ± 1.49 and 33.13 ± 0.68 mg TE/g for CUPRAC and FRAP) were observed in leaf extracts. E. intortum flowers showed the maximum anticholinesterase activity (2.72 ± 0.03 mg GALAE/g). E. spiculatum leaves and tubers exhibited the highest inhibition towards α-glucosidase (0.99 ± 0.02 ACAE/g) and tirosinase (50.73 ± 2.29 mg KAE/g), respectively. A multivariate analysis revealed that O-hydroxycinnamoylglycosyl-C-flavonoid glycosides mostly accounted for the discrimination of both species. Thus, E. intortum and E. spiculatum can be considered as potential candidates for designing functional ingredients in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries.
AtıfScopus15OpenAlex11İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2022Scopus SJRQ2Comparative Content, Biological and Anticancer Activities of Heracleum humile Extracts Obtained by Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Method
Ocal, Mustafa; Altunoglu, Yasemin Celik; Angeloni, Simone; Mustafa, Ahmed M.; Caprioli, Giovanni; Zengin, Gokhan; Paksoy, Mehmet Yavuz; Baloglu, Mehmet Cengiz
As the safety and effectiveness of synthetic drugs remain in doubt, researchers are trying to develop natural medicines from medicinal plants. Herein, ethyl acetate, methanol and water extracts from the Heracleum humile plant were obtained by an ultrasonic-assisted extraction process and the aim was to evaluate some biological effects of the extracts due to the limited data on the pharmacological properties of Heracleum humile in the literature. Weak antibacterial activity was observed on tested bacterial species. The minimum inhibitory concentration and the minimum bactericidal concentration values ranged from 250 to 500 μg/mL. In addition, cytotoxic activity was determined using the MTT test. The strongest findings were determined for ethyl acetate extract on the MDA-MB-231 cell lines at the 48th hour (IC50:97.94 μg/mL), followed by the MCF-7 cell lines at the 24th hour (IC50:103.9 μg/mL). All extracts of Heracleum humile contained mainly flavonoids, phenolic acids and their derivatives, i. e., well-known compounds that possess numerous biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimicrobial etc. The study results could provide important information that Heracleum humile could be a potential candidate as a natural enzyme inhibitor. It can be concluded that these extracts could be useful in the elementary step of improving novel plant-derived multifunctional pharmaceuticals.
AtıfScopus6OpenAlex11İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2022Scopus SJRQ2Detailed Chemical Characterization and Biological Propensities of Malabaila lasiocarpa Extracts: An Endemic Plant to Turkey
Zengin, Gokhan; Zheleva-Dimitrova, Dimitrina; Babacan, Ebru Yüce; Polat, Rıdvan; Çakılcıoğlu, Uğur; Sadeer, Nabeelah Bibi; Costa, Emmanoel V.; Mahomoodally, Mohamad Fawzi; Naviglio, Daniele; Gallo, Monica
This study focused on the biological evaluation and chemical characterization of Malabaila lasiocarpa Boiss. (M. lasiocarpa) (Family: Apiaceae). The phytochemical profile, antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory of the methanolic, aqueous, dichloromethane, hexane extracts were investigated. Based on UHPLC-HRMS analyses, a total of 101 peaks were annotated or identified for the first time in M. lasiocarpa extracts. They include hydroxybenzoic, hydroxycinnamic, acylquinic acids and their glycosides, C- and O-glycosyl and O-diglycosyl flavonoids. In addition, 10 simple mono- and disubstituted coumarins together with 10 furanocoumarins were tentatively annotated. The methanolic extract possessing the highest phenolic (24.36±0.60 mg gallic acid equivalent/g extract) and flavonoid (69.15±0.37 mg rutin equivalent/g extract) content also exhibited the strongest radical scavenging potential against 2,2-diphenyl-1 picrylhydrazyl (21.73±0.42 mg Trolox equivalent/g extract, respectively), and highest reducing capacity (57.81±0.97 and 28.00±0.40 mg Trolox equivalent/g extract, for cupric reducing antioxidant capacity and ferric reducing antioxidant power, respectively). The dichloromethane extract substantially depressed the tyrosinase (73.92±5.37 mg kojic acid equivalent/g extract), α-amylase (0.63±0.01 mmol acarbose equivalent/g extract) and α-glucosidase (0.69±0.02 mmol acarbose equivalent/g extract) enzymes. This study has produced critical scientific data on M. lasiocarpa which are potential contenders for the development of novel phyto-pharmaceuticals.
AtıfScopus6OpenAlex5İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2022Scopus SJRQ1Which Extraction Solvents and Methods Are More Effective in Terms of Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of Alcea fasciculiflora from Turkey?
Ozturk, Refiye Beyza; Zengin, Gokhan; Sinan, Kouadio Ibrahime; Montesano, Domenico; Zheleva-Dimitrova, Dimitrina; Gevrenova, Reneta; Uba, Abdullahi Ibrahim; Çakılcıoğlu, Uğur; Kaplan, Alevcan; Jugreet, Sharmeen
The bioactive content, antioxidant properties, and enzyme inhibition properties of extracts of Alcea fasciculiflora from Turkey prepared with different solvents (water, methanol, ethyl acetate) and extraction methods (maceration, soxhlet, homogenizer assisted extraction, and ultrasound assisted extraction) were examined in this study. UHPLC-HRMS analysis detected or annotated a total of 50 compounds in A. fasciculiflora extracts, including 18 hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids, 7 Hexaric acids, 7 Coumarins, 15 Flavonoids, and 3 hydroxycinnamic acid amides. The extracts had phenolic and flavonoid levels ranging from 14.25 to 24.87 mg GAE/g and 1.68 to 25.26 mg RE/g, respectively, in the analysis. Both DPPH and ABTS tests revealed radical scavenging capabilities (between 2.63 and 35.33 mg TE/g and between 13.46 and 76.27 mg TE/g, respectively). The extracts had reducing properties (CUPRAC: 40.38–78 TE/g and FRAP: 17.51–42.58 TE/g). The extracts showed metal chelating activity (18.28–46.71 mg EDTAE/g) as well as total antioxidant capacity (phosphomolybdenum test) (0.90–2.12 mmol TE/g). DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and metal chelating tests indicated the water extracts to be the best antioxidants, while the ethyl acetate extracts had the highest overall antioxidant capacity regardless of the extraction technique. Furthermore, anti-acetylcholinesterase activity was identified in all extracts (0.17–2.80 mg GALAE/g). The water extracts and the ultrasound-assisted ethyl acetate extract were inert against butyrylcholinesterase, but the other extracts showed anti-butyrylcholinesterase activity (1.17–5.80 mg GALAE/g). Tyrosine inhibitory action was identified in all extracts (1.79–58.93 mg KAE/g), with the most effective methanolic extracts. Only the ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts produced by maceration and homogenizer aided extraction showed glucosidase inhibition (0.11–1.11 mmol ACAE/g). These findings showed the overall bioactivity of the different extracts of A. fasciculiflora and provided an overview of the combination of solvent type and extraction method that could yield bioactive profile and pharmacological properties of interest and hence, could be a useful reference for future studies on this species.
AtıfScopus17OpenAlex20İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2022Scopus SJRQ1Phytochemical Profile and Biological Activities of the Extracts from Two Oenanthe Species (O. aquatica and O. silaifolia)
Świątek, Łukasz; Sieniawska, Elwira; Mahomoodally, Mohamad Fawzi; Sadeer, Nabeelah Bibi; Wojtanowski, Krzysztof Kamil; Rajtar, Barbara; Polz-Dacewicz, Małgorzata; Paksoy, Mehmet Yavuz; Zengin, Gokhan
This study presents the evaluation of biological activities and chemical profiling of Oenanthe aquatica (L.) Poir. and Oenanthe silaifolia M. Bieb. The phytochemical profile, antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory, cytotoxic and antiviral activities of the methanolic and aqueous extracts were investigated. The aqueous extract of O. aquatica possessing the highest content of phenolics (60.85 mg gallic acid equivalent/g extract), also exhibited the strongest radical scavenging potential against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (79.46 and 148.66 mg Trolox equivalent/g extract, respectively), the highest reducing ability (207.59 and 107.27 mg Trolox equivalent/g extract, for cupric reducing antioxidant capacity and ferric reducing antioxidant activity, respectively), metal chelating potential (33.91 mg ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid equivalent/g extract) and total antioxidant ability (1.60 mmol Trolox equivalent/g extract). Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS) permitted tentative identification of compounds from simple organic acids, phenolic acids, coumarins, flavonoids and their glycosides in O. aquatica and O. silaifolia extracts. The methanolic extract of O. aquatica substantially depressed acetylcholinesterase (3.67 mg galantamine equivalent/g extract), tyrosinase (126.66 mg kojic acid equivalent/g extract), and α-amylase (0.83 mmol acarbose equivalent/g extract) enzymes. The methanolic extract of O. silaifolia showed highest enzymatic inhibitory property against butyrylcholinesterase, and its aqueous extract depressed α-glucosidase activity (0.26 mmol acarbose equivalent/g extract). All tested extracts exerted selective toxicity towards cancer cell lines, and the highest anticancer potential was found for O. aquatica aqueous extract on FaDu and HeLa cells with CC50 of 57.36 and 47.16 µg/mL, respectively. Significant antiviral activity against HSV-1 (HHV-1) was found for both aqueous extracts in concentrations of 1000 µg/mL, which inhibited the HSV-1 cytopathic effect (CPE) in virus infected VERO cells and reduced the virus infective titer by more than 3 log (logCCID50 /mL). This study has produced critical scientific data on O. aquatica and O. silaifolia, which are potential contenders for the development of novel phyto-pharmaceuticals.
AtıfScopus15WoS14İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2022Scopus SJRQ2Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibitory Properties, and HPLC–MS/MS Profiles of Different Extracts of Arabis carduchorum Boiss.: An Endemic Plant to Turkey
Uba, Abdullahi Ibrahim; Zengin, Gokhan; Montesano, Domenico; Cakilcioglu, Ugur; Selvi, Selami; Ulusan, Musa Denizhan; Caprioli, Giovanni; Sagratini, Gianni; Angeloni, Simone; Jugreet, Sharmeen
In this study, six extracts of Arabis carduchorum prepared from solvents of varying polarity (water, methanol, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, and n‐hexane) were investigated for their chemical profiles and total phenolic and flavonoid contents (TPC/TFC) using HPLC–MS/MS and spectrophotometric/colorimetric assays, respectively, along with the assessment of their antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory effects. In general, the polar extracts (methanol, water, and infusion) showed higher TPC/TFC than the other extracts (range:13.73–26.62 mg GAE/g; 2.66–52.95 mg RE/g, respectively). The total antioxidant capacity of the polar extracts ranged from 0.90–1.85 mmol TE/g in phosphomolybdenum assay, while the free radical scavenging potential ranged from 4.36–32.13 mg TE/g and 12.58–67.73 mg TE/g in DPPH and ABTS assays, respectively. While the water and infuse extract inhibited only butyrylcholinesterase (2.68 and 2.39 mg GALAE/g, respectively), the other extracts were found to inhibit both acetyl‐ and butyryl‐cholinesterases (0.96–2.73 mg GALAE/g and 1.86–5.11 mg GALAE/g, respectively). On the contrary, all extracts exhibited anti‐tyrosinase (40.24– 59.22 mg KAE/g) and anti‐amylase (0.09–0.63 mmol ACAE/g) activities. Overall, this study highlighted the effect of solvent polarity on the extraction of bioactive compounds and the biological properties of the extracts of A. carduchorum; hence, the results obtained could be used to guide optimum extraction in future studies.
AtıfScopus37OpenAlex39İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2021Scopus SJRQ3Preliminary investigation on chemical composition and bioactivity of differently obtained extracts from Symphytum aintabicum Hub.- Mor. &Wickens
Zengin, Gokhan; Sinan, Kouadio Ibrahim; Ak, Gunes; Angeloni, Simone; Maggi, Filippo; Caprioli, Giovanni; Kaplan, Alevcan; Çakılcıoğlu, Uğur; Akan, Hasan; Jugreet, Sharmeen
Symphytum species, commonly known as comfrey, hold a long history of folk medicinal uses for healing wounds, bone fractures and other pain resulting from inflammation. However, many species belonging to this genus have not yet been scientifically investigated and hence investigation in this regard is warranted. In the present research, S. aintabicum extracts prepared by different extraction techniques (homogenizer assisted extraction, infusion and maceration) were assayed for their chemosystematic attributes (total phenolic, flavonoid) as well as bioactive compound contents, antioxidant and enzyme inhibition potentials. For instance, the extracts were found to possess phenolic and flavonoid levels ranging from 35.50 to 112.25 mg GAE/g and 2.54–25.12 mg RE/g, respectively. In general, the extracts displayed significant antioxidant activity. However, methanolic and infusion extracts were observed as the most potent radical scavengers and reducing agents, most likely related to their phenolic content. The extracts also showed metal chelating power and total antioxidant capacity in phosphomolybdenum assay. Moreover, while all extracts showed inhibition on amylase, only the methanolic extracts acted as inhibitors of cholinesterases and tyrosinase, most probably due to their relatively higher flavonoid content. The findings also indicated that the extraction method as well as the solvent type used to more or less affect the yield of the bioactive compounds and extracts’ bioactivity reported herein. Hence, as a first report highlighting the in vitro pharmacological properties of S. aintabicum, promising results were revealed from the quantitative chemosystematic analysis of bioactive components present and as sources of antioxidants and enzyme inhibitors against key human illnesses, thus providing scope for potential applications in phytomedicine development.
AtıfScopus15OpenAlex14İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2021Scopus SJRQ1Chemical profiling and biological evaluation of nepeta baytopii extracts and essential oil: An endemic plant from turkey
Zengin, Gokhan; Mahomoodally, Mohamad Fawzi; Aktumsek, Abdurrahman; Jekő, József; Cziáky, Zoltán; Rodrigues, Maria João; Custodio, Luisa; Polat, Rıdvan; Cakilcioglu, Ugur; Ayna, Adnan
Nepeta baytopii is a poorly studied, endemic Nepeta species (Lamiaceae) of Turkey. For the first time, the biological activities (antioxidant, enzyme inhibition, and cytotoxicity properties) of the hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, water/methanol, and water extracts and essential oil prepared from N. baytopii aerial parts were assessed. Hydro-methanol (41.25 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g) and water extracts (50.30 mg GAE/g), respectively showed the highest radical scavenging (94.40 and 129.22 mg Trolox equivalent (TE)/g, for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical and 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid radical scavenging assays) and reducing (229.37 and 129.55 mg TE/g, for ferric-reducing antioxidant power and cupric-reducing antioxidant capacity assays) capacities in vitro. An interestingly high inhibition was observed for ethyl acetate extract against butyrylcholinesterase (10.85 mg galantamine equivalent/g). The methanol extract showed high cytotoxicity (31.7%) against HepG2 cells. Caryophyllene oxide was identified in high concentrations in the essential oil (39.3%). Luteolin and apigenin and their derivatives were identified from the methanol and water extracts. The results obtained from this study highlighted that the abundance of highly bioactive compounds from Nepeta baytopii ensures the multiple biological activities of the tested extracts, and this suggests a potential use in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical fields, and therefore should be investigated further.
AtıfScopus32OpenAlex32İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2021Scopus SJRQ3Enzyme inhibition and antioxidant functionality of eleven Inula species based on chemical components and chemometric insights
Ceylan, Ramazan; Zengin, Gokhan; Mahomoodally, Mohamad Fawzi; Sinan, Kouadio Ibrahime; Ak, Gunes; Jugreet, Sharmeen; Cakır, Oguz; Ouelbani, Rayene; Paksoy, Mehmet Yavuz; Yılmaz, Mustafa Abdullah
The members of the genus Inula have been widely used in traditional medicinal. In the present study, 11 Inula species were investigated for their phytochemical composition, antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory effects. While quinic acid was the principal compound in I. anatolica, I. britannica, I. inuloides, I. oculus-christi, I. peacockiana, I. sechmenii, I. thapsoides and I. viscidula extracts (22.43–42.02 mg/g dry extract (DE)), I. aucheriana and I. discoidea extracts contained rutin as their most abundant compound (23.28 and 79.10 mg/g extract, respectively). Interestingly, all the Inula extracts were active inhibitors of the five key clinical enzymes (acetylcholinesterase (3.56–5.13 mg galantamine equivalent (GALAE)/g), butyrylcholinesterase (1.49–7.34 mg GALAE/g), tyrosinase (112.31–122.13 mg kojic acid equivalent (KAE)/g), α-glucosidase (0.77–2.08 mmol acarbose equivalent (ACAE)/g) and α-amylase (0.73–0.90 mmol ACAE/g)). Furthermore, the extracts were observed to exhibit substantial antioxidant capacity (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH): 58.99–188.22 mg trolox equivalent (TE)/g); 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS): 90.51–220.97 mg TE/g; cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC): 169.88–460.53 mg TE/g; ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP): 81.57–237.99 mg TE/g; metal chelating activity: 8.31–25.39 mg ethylenediamine tetraacetate equivalent (EDTAE)/g; phosphomolybdenum: 1.55–2.49 mmol TE/g). In conclusion, the Inula species studied herein showed promising pharmacological potentials justified by the presence of a panoply of bioactive compounds.
AtıfScopus60OpenAlex60İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2021Scopus SJRQ2Evaluation of chemical constituents and biological properties of two endemic Verbascum species
Zengin, Gokhan; Mahomoodally, Mohamad Fawzi; Sinan, Kouadio Ibrahime; Sadeer, Nabeelah; Maggi, Filippo; Caprioli, Giovanni; Angeloni, Simone; Mollica, Adriano; Stefanucci, Azzurra; Ak, Gunes
Members from the Verbascum genus are well appraised for their traditional uses against a variety of ailments including anti-inflammatory related disorders. This study thus attempts at validating the biological properties of two underexplored Verbascum members namely Verbascum euphraticum Benth. (V. euphraticum) and Verbascum oocarpum Murb. (V. oocarpum) in terms of their antioxidant and enzymatic inhibitory activities. Concentration of specific bioactive compounds was also established and molecular dynamic analysis were conducted on amassed data. Results showed that total phenolic and total flavonoid contents were higher for the methanolic extract of V. oocarpum compared to the methanolic extract of V. euphraticum. Phytochemical quantification revealed that the extraction solvents influenced the phytochemical composition of the extracts. Derivatives of phenolic acids such as 3-caffeoylquinic acid and 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid together with some phenolic acids i.e., gallic, vanillic, caffeic, syringic, p-coumaric and ferulic acid, have been detected in the extracts of both Verbascum species. Methanolic extracts of V. euphraticum and V. oocarpum yielded the highest total content of monitored compounds resulting in 162.758 and 3716.861 μg/g of dried weight extract, respectively. The methanolic extracts of both plants showed highest antioxidant potential while the ethyl acetate and hexane extracts were potent inhibitors of cholinesterase, α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Molecular dynamic results indicated that vanillic acid is able to make strong interactions with copper ions of tyrosinase, resulting into an effective anti-tyrosinase activity. In light of the above, both Verbascum species could be considered for future phytopharmaceutical development.
AtıfScopus36OpenAlex36İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2021Scopus SJRQ2Two Medicinal Plants (Alkanna trichophila and Convolvulus galaticus) from Turkey: Chemical Characterization and Biological Perspectives
Mahomoodally, Mohamad Fawzi; Zengin, Gokhan; Sinan, Kouadio Ibrahime; Ak, Gunes; Sadeer, Nabeelah Bibi; Angeloni, Simone; Mustafa, Ahmed M.; Caprioli, Giovanni; Maggi, Filippo; Cakilcioglu, Ugur
The aim of the present study was to quantify selected phenolic compounds, determine antioxidant activity and enzyme inhibitory effects of the aerial parts of Alkanna trichophylla Hub.-Mor. (A. trichophylla) and Convolvulus galaticus Rost.ex Choisy (C. galaticus) extracts prepared by homogenizer-assisted extraction (HAE), maceration (MAC) and infusion techniques. This is the first time such study has been designed to validate the phytochemical composition and bioactivity of these plants. Multivariate analysis was conducted on collected data. Rutin and caffeoylquinic acid derivatives were the most significant compounds in A. trichophylla and C. galaticus, respectively. The highest antioxidant activity of A. trichophylla was mostly exhibited by HAE/methanolic extracts as determined by DPPH, ABTS, FRAP (51.39, 112.70 and 145.73 mg TE/g, respectively) and phosphomolybdenum (2.05 mmol TE/g) assays. However, significant antioxidant activities varied within the extracts of C. galaticus. HAE/methanolic extract of A. trichophylla significantly depressed AChE (2.70 mg GALAE/g), BChE (5.53 mg GALAE/g) and tyrosinase (26.34 mg KAE/g) activities and that of C. galaticus inhibited AChE (2.04 mg GALAE/g), tyrosinase (31.25 mg KAE/g) and α-amylase (0.53 mmol ACAE/g) activities significantly. We concluded that HAE was the most efficient extraction technique as high yield of compounds and promising bioactivities were recorded from extracts prepared. Multivariate analysis showed that types of solvents influenced recovery of compounds and biological activities. This research study can be used as one methodological starting point for further investigation on these plants as all results are clearly promising and open the door to further research challenges such as cytotoxicity evaluation, molecular docking analysis, and more screening of pharmacological actions.
AtıfScopus12OpenAlex10İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2021Scopus SJRQ1Comprehensive biological and chemical evaluation of two seseli species (S. gummiferum and s. transcaucasicum)
Zengin, Gokhan; Stojković, Dejan; Mahomoodally, Mohamad Fawzi; Jugreet, Bibi Sharmeen; Paksoy, Mehmet Yavuz; Ivanov, Marija; Gašić, Uroš; Gallo, Monica; Montesano, Domenico
Seseli L. is one of the largest genera of the Apiaceae family widely known for their traditional uses as herbal remedies. In the present study, the methanolic and water extracts of two Seseli species, S. gummiferum and S. transcaucasicum were evaluated for their bioactive contents and biological activities. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents in the extracts ranged from 19.09 to 24.33 mg GAE/g and from 0.45 to10.09 mg RE/g, respectively. Moreover, while narcissin was detected as the most abundant component in the methanolic extract of S. transcaucasicum (261.40 µg/g), chlorogenic acid was identified as the major component in all the other extracts, although a high amount was also present in the methanolic S. transcaucasicum extract (107.48–243.12 µg/g). The total antioxidant capacity was also determined by the phosphomolybdenum assay (0.66–1.18 mM TE/g). Other antioxidant assays such as the radical scavenging assays (DPPH: 5.51–11.45 mg TE/g; ABTS: 43.46–51.91 mg TE/g), reducing assays (CUPRAC: 41.67–53.20 mg TE/g; FRAP: 31.26–34.14 mg TE/g), as well as the metal chelating activity assay (14.38–38.57 mg EDTAE/g) were conducted. All the extracts showed inhibitory potential against the enzyme’s amylase (0.12–0.78 mM ACAE/g), acetyl-and butyryl-cholinesterase (0.15–9.71 mg GALAE/g), while only the methanolic extracts acted as inhibitors of tyrosinase (107.15 and 109.37 mg KAE/g) and only the water extract of S. gummiferum displayed anti-glucosidase activity (0.13 mM ACAE/g). Interestingly, the methanolic extracts of both Seseli species showed lower cytotoxicity towards HaCaT cells (IC50: >500 µg/mL), compared to the water extracts (IC50: 267.8 and 321.41 µg/mL). Besides, only the methanolic extracts showed a slight wound healing effect (28.21 and 31.23%). All extracts showed antibacterial action against Staphylococcus lugdunensis (minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations: 0.025–2 mg/mL). S. gummiferum methanolic extract, which exhibited the highest antibacterial potency was found to inhibit adhesion and invasion of S. lugdunensis to HaCaT cells as well. Taken together, this study demonstrated the two Seseli species to harbour interesting bioactive components, in particular polyphenolics and to exhibit several biological properties that could be further investigated for their potential exploitation as healing agents as supported by various traditional medicinal uses.
AtıfScopus16OpenAlex15İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2021Scopus SJRQ1An insight into Verbascum bombyciferum extracts: Different extraction methodologies, biological abilities and chemical profiles
Angeloni, Simone; Zengin, Gokhan; Sinan, Kouadio Ibrahim; Ak, Gunes; Maggi, Filippo; Caprioli, Giovanni; Kaplan, Alevcan; Bahşi, Muammer; Çakılcıoğlu, Uğur; Bouyahya, Abdelhakim
The genus Verbascum, commonly known as "mullein", bears several species traditionally used to treat various infections, inflammations and wounds. In this study, extracts from V. bombyciferum, an endemic Verbascum species from Turkey, obtained by different solvents and extraction techniques, were investigated for their bioactive contents using spectrophotometry and high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) and evaluated for their antioxidant, as well as enzyme inhibitory potentials. While spectrophotometric determination revealed the homogenizer assisted extraction/methanolic extract to yield the highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents (41.80 ± 0.70 mg GAE/g and 39.44 ± 0.30 mg RE/g, respectively), the most significant total bioactive compounds (polyphenols) in the amount of 272.862 mg kg−1, established by HPLC-MS/MS analysis, was noted for the maceration/methanolic extract. Overall, the extracts showed varied antioxidant potency, displaying free radical scavenging ability (DPPH assay: 1.04–51.33 mg TE/g; ABTS assay: 80.04–85.60 mg TE/g), reducing power (CUPRAC: 51.48–183.26 mg TE/g; FRAP: 36.33–90.04 mg TE/g; metal chelating activity (18.48–19.80 mg EDTAE/g) and total antioxidant capacity (phosphomolybdenum assay: 0.78–1.92 mmol TE/g). However, extract of homogenizer assisted extraction/methanol exhibited the highest antioxidant activity in most assays. Only the maceration/methanolic extract inhibited all the studied enzymes (acetylcholinetserase: 2.02 ± 0.20 mg GALAE/g; butyrylcholinesterase: 4.57 ± 0.09 mg GALAE/g; tyrosinase 21.44 ± 3.41 mg KAE/g and amylase: 0.46 ± 0.01 mmol ACAE/g). This study is the first attempt to highlight the potential industrial applications of the endemic plant V. bombyciferum, as a natural source of bioactive compounds that could be considered for future development of phytopharmaceuticals, targeting specific oxidative stress-linked diseases including diabetes, skin hyperpigmentation, and neurological disorders.
AtıfScopus20OpenAlex24İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2020Scopus SJRQ2A comparative assessment of biological activities of Gundelia dersim Miller and Gundelia glabra Vitek, Yüce & Ergin extracts and their chemical characterization via HPLC-ESI-TOF-MS
de la Luz Cádiz-Gurrea, María; Zengin, Gokhan; Leyva-Jiménez, Francisco Javier; Fernández-Ochoa, Álvaro; Sinan, Kouadio Ibrahime; Cakilcioglu, Ugur; Babacan, Ebru Yuce; Mahomoodally, Mohamad Fawzi; Picot-Allain, Carene; Xiao, Jianbo
Plants from the Gundelia genus have been well appraised as both food and remedies. The members of the Gundelia genus are widely used as foods in several countries including Turkey. This study presents a comparative assessment of two poorly studied Gundelia species (G. glabra Miller and G. dersim Vitek, Yüce & Ergin). The effect of conventional (infusion, maceration, and Soxhlet extraction) and non-conventional (homogeniser and ultrasound assisted extraction) methods of extraction of bioactive secondary metabolites from the selected Gundelia species was also assessed. A total of 68 different compounds were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization and time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-TOF-MS) technique. Non-conventional extraction techniques do not guarantee higher antioxidant activity. As such, G. dersim (91.27, 138.87, 182.28, and 125.65 mg TE [Trolox equivalent]/g dried extract, for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays, respectively).The highest α-glucosidase inhibition was recorded for the extracts obtained by ultrasonication. In the multivariate analysis, the extracts from Gundelia species were separated based on their biological activities. The presented findings could be one methodological starting point for designing novel products from two Gundelia species.
AtıfScopus12OpenAlex13İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2020Scopus SJRQ1Chemical profile, antioxidant, antimicrobial, enzyme inhibitory, and cytotoxicity of seven Apiaceae species from Turkey: A comparative study
Zengin, Gokhan; Sinan, Kouadio Ibrahime; Ak, Gunes; Mahomoodally, Mohamad Fawzi; Paksoy, Mehmet Yavuz; Picot-Allain, Carene; Glamocilja, Jasmina; Sokovic, Marina; Jekő, József; Cziáky, Zoltán
Several Apiaceae species, used as both food and in complementary and alternative medicine, represents a rich source of potential valuable phytopharmaceuticals which necessitates scientific contemplation. In the present study, the antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic properties of methanol extracts of seven Apiaceae species, (Chaerophyllum macrospermum (Willd. ex Spreng.) Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex Hohen, Ferula rigidula Fisch. ex DC., Ferula orientalis L., Prangos ferulacea Lindl., Prangos peucedanifolia Fenzl., Ferulago setifolia K. Koch, and Pimpinella anthriscoides Boiss.) were evaluated. Species belonging to the Prangos genus exhibited the highest total phenolic content, namely P. peucedanifolia and P. ferulacea, with values of 47.90 and 44.44 mg gallic acid equivalent/g extract, respectively. P. peucedanifolia also displayed the highest radical scavenging capacity (81.53 and 102.70 mg Trolox equivalent [TE]/g extract for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), respectively) and reducing power (165.87 and 100.09 mg TE/g extract for cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), respectively). C. macrospermum showed the most potent inhibition against Alzheimer's disease related enzymes, namely acetylcholinesterase (4.53 mg galantamine equivalent [GALAE]/g extract) and butyrylcholinesterase (3.22 mg GALAE/g extract). P. ferulacea (131.94 mg kojic acid (KAE) equivalent/g extract) and P. peucedanifolia (4.97 mmol acarbose equivalent (ACAE)/g extract) were potent inhibitors of tyrosinase and α-glucosidase, respectively. In general, studied species were able to reduce cellular viabilities. P. peucedanifolia possessed promising antibacterial potential against Bacillus cereus (Minimum inhibition concentration (MIC): 0.37 mg/mL), L. monocytogenes (MIC: 0.56 mg/mL), P. aeruginosa and Escherichia coli (MIC: 0.27 mg/mL), Salmonella typhimurium and Enterobacter cloacae (MIC: 0.75 mg/mL). F. rigidula showed the highest antifungal effect against Aspergillus ochraceus and Trichoderma viride (MIC: 0.10 mg/mL). The present findings could be the scientific starting point towards the pharmaceutical and/or commercial utilization of these Apiaceae species.
AtıfScopus65OpenAlex64İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2019Scopus SJRQ1New insights into the chemical profiling, cytotoxicity and bioactivity of four Bunium species
Zengin, Gokhan; Paksoy, Mehmet Yavuz; Aumeeruddy, Muhammad Zakariyyah; Glamocilja, Jasmina; Sokovic, Marina; Diuzheva, Alina; Jekő, József; Cziáky, Zoltán; Rodrigues, Maria João; Custodio, Luisa
Bunium species have been reported to be used both as food and in traditional medicines. The scientific community has attempted to probe into the pharmacological and chemical profiles of this genus. Nonetheless, many species have not been investigated fully to date. In this study, we determined the phenolic components, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and enzyme inhibitory activities of aerial parts of four Bunium species (B. sayai, B. pinnatifolium, B. brachyactis and B. macrocarpum). Results showed that B. microcarpum and B. pinnatifolium were strong antioxidants as evidenced in the DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC, and FRAP assays. B. brachyactis was the most effective metal chelator, and displayed high enzyme inhibition against cholinesterase, tyrosinase, amylase, glucosidase, and lipase. The four species showed varied antimicrobial activity against each microorganism. Overall, they showed high activity against P. mirabilis and E. coli (MIC and MBC <1 mg mL−1). B. brachyactis was more effective against Aspergillus versicolor compared to the standard drug ketoconazole. B. brachyactis was also more effective than both ketoconazole and bifonazole against Trichoderma viride. B. sayai was more effective than ketoconazole in inhibiting A. fumigatus. B. sayai was most non-toxic to HEK 293 (cellular viability = 117%) and HepG2 (cellular viability = 104%). The highest level of TPC was observed in B. pinnatifolium (35.94 mg GAE g−1) while B. microcarpum possessed the highest TFC (39.21 mg RE g−1). Seventy four compounds were detected in B. microcarpum, 70 in B. brachyactis, 66 in B. sayai, and 51 in B. pinnatifolium. Quinic acid, chlorogenic acid, pantothenic acid, esculin, isoquercitrin, rutin, apigenin, and scopoletin were present in all the four species. This study showed that the four Bunium species are good sources of biologically active compounds with pharmaceutical and nutraceutical potential.
AtıfScopus22OpenAlex23İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2019Scopus SJRQ1Phytochemical characterization and bioactivities of five Apiaceae species: Natural sources for novel ingredients
Zengin, Gokhan; Mahomoodally, Mohamad Fawzi; Paksoy, Mehmet Yavuz; Picot-Allain, Carene; Glamocilja, Jasmina; Sokovic, Marina; Diuzheva, Alina; Jekő, József; Cziáky, Zoltán; Rodrigues, Maria João
Several species of the Apiaceae family have been employed in traditional cultures for their curative virtues. The present study focused on five Apiaceae species, (Falcaria vulgaris (FV), Smyrniopsis aucheri (SA), Smyrniopsis munzurdagensis (SM), Smyrnium cordifolium (SC), and Actinolema macrolema (AM)). The antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory (α-amylase, α-glucosidase, acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase, lipase, and tyrosinase), antimicrobial, phytochemical, and cytotoxicity profiles of the methanol extracts of the selected Apiaceae species were determined. SC extract (35.68 mg gallic acid equivalent/g extract) possessed the highest phenolic content while the AM extract (56.79 mg rutin equivalent/g extract) had the highest flavonoid content. HPLC-ESI-MS (High performance liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry) analyses showed presence of ferulic acid in all the five species. SC extract exhibited high radical scavenging (59.28 and 94.31 mg Trolox equivalent [TE]/g extract, DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid), respectively) and reducing activity (161.44 and 113.62 mg TE/g extract, for CUPRAC (cupric reducing antioxidant capacity) and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power), respectively). SM extract exhibited the highest cholinesterase's inhibitory action (3.82 and 4.76 mg galantamine equivalent/g extract, for acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase, respectively). The extracts showed higher inhibition against α-glucosidase (7.32-11.99 mmol acarbose equivalent [ACAE]/g extract) compared to α-amylase (0.51-0.55 mmol ACAE/g extract). SC extract was the most active (137.54 mg kojic acid equivalent/g extract) tyrosinase inhibitor and FV extract (113.75 mg Orlistat equivalent/g) the best lipase inhibitor. SM extract showed potent antibacterial effect against B. cereus (MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) 0.180 mg/mL), P. mirabilis (MIC 0.180 mg/mL), M. flavus (MIC 0.560 mg/mL), P. aeruginosa (MIC 0.275 mg/mL), and S. typhimurium (MIC 1.500 mg/mL). FV extract (MIC 0.140 mg/mL) suppressed A. fumigatus growth. Cytotoxicity was assessed on murine macrophage (RAW 264.7), human embryonic kidney (HEK 293), and human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell lines. FV (60.3%) and SM (57.4%) showed the highest reduction on RAW 264.7 cellular viability, whereas SM (74.1%) showed toxicity against HepG2. This study supports that the Apiaceae species could be considered as promising candidates for the development of novel pharmacophores for the management of several human ailments.
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