Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
Yazarlar
- Gul, Muhammet(85)
- Serdar, Osman(72)
- Güler, Ömer(68)
- Akkurt, Nevzat(61)
- Baskonus, Haci Mehmet(54)
- Alataş, Mevlüt(53)
- Paksoy, Mehmet Yavuz(53)
- Yucesan, Melih(53)
- Bulut, Hasan(51)
- Tekin, H.O.(51)
- ALMisned, Ghada(48)
- Yildirim, Numan(48)
- Benzer, Fulya(47)
- Kocabaş, Mehmet(45)
- Yildirim, Nuran Cikcikoglu(44)
- Kutlu, Banu(41)
- Ince, Muharrem(39)
- Zengin, Gokhan(39)
- Batan, Nevzat(37)
- Utku, Anıl(35)
- Celik, Erkan(33)
- Topal, Murat(32)
- Ezer, Tülay(31)
- Tanyol, Mehtap(31)
- Can, Erkan(30)
- Sulaiman, Tukur Abdulkadir(29)
- Aslan, Naim(28)
- Özkul, İskender(28)
- Aslan, Alper(27)
- Cakilcioglu, Ugur(27)
- Erguven, Gokhan Onder(27)
- Kutluyer, Filiz(27)
- Kök, Mediha(27)
- Ates, Mehmet(26)
- Erten, Fusun(26)
- Kahraman, Gökhan(26)
- Onat, Onur(26)
- Dal, Nursel Alp(25)
- Danabas, Durali(25)
- Say, Yakup(25)
Yayınlar
- MakaleAçık Erişim2019Scopus SJRQ3On the exact and numerical solutions to the coupled Boussinesq equation arising in ocean engineering
Sulaiman, T.A.; Bulut, H.; Yokus, A.; Baskonus, H.M.
The studies of the dynamic behaviors of nonlinear models arising in ocean engineering play a significant role in our daily activities. In this study, we investigate the coupled Boussinesq equation which arises in the shallow water waves for two-layered fluid flow. The modified exp (- φ(ζ)) -expansion function method is utilized in reaching the solutions to this equation such as the topological kink-type soliton and singular soliton solutions. The interesting 2D and 3D graphics of the obtained analytical solutions in this study are presented. Via one of the reported analytical solutions, the finite forward difference method is used in obtaining the approximate numerical and exact solutions to this equation. The Fourier–Von Neumann analysis is used in checking the stability of the used numerical method with the studied model. The L 2 and L ∞ error norms are computed. We finally present a comprehensive conclusion to this study.
AtıfScopus83OpenAlex108
İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2019Scopus SJRQ2l-Arginine Improves Sperm Motility in Threatened Coruh Trout Salmo coruhensis (Teleostei: Salmonidae)
Kocabaş, Mehmet; Kutluyer, Filiz; Erişir, Mine; Benzer, Fulya
l-arginine is a versatile amino acid and precursor of nitric oxide that provides protection for preventing free radical damage. Herein, experiments were designed to clarify the effect of l-arginine supplementation on the sperm motility of a threatened trout, Coruh trout Salmo coruhensis. Activation solution was supplemented with levels of 0 mM (Control), 2 mM, 4 mM, and 8 mM l-arginine, and motility and survival of sperm cells were assessed. The selected concentrations were determined according to results of our preliminary experiments. The sperm motility rates at l-arginine concentrations of 0, 2, 4, and 8 mM were 73.33 ± 5.77%, 76.67 ± 5.75%, 80.01 ± 0.01%, and 90.00 ± 0.05%, respectively; notility durations were 21.67 ± 2.08, 32.33 ± 3.79, 32.67 ± 1.15, and 37.00 ± 6.38 s, respectively. Significant effect of l-arginine supplementation was determined on the percentage and duration of motile spermatozoa (p < 0.05). The maximum increment was evoked at the greatest concentration (8 mM). Here, we showed that l-arginine supplement can improve sperm motility of S. coruhensis.
AtıfScopus1WoS1OpenAlex2İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2019Scopus SJRQ3What is the predictive power of visual mathematics literacy perception and its sub-dimensions for geometry success?; [Görsel Matematik Okuryazarlığı Alt Boyutlarının Geometri Başarısını Yordama Gücü Nedir?]
Ilhan, Aziz; Tutak, Tayfun; Celik, Halil Coskun
Purpose: In this study, it was aimed to examine the relationship between the visual mathematics literacy perceptions and its sub-dimension for geometry success levels of prospective teachers. It was also aimed to examine to what extent visual mathematics literacy perception and its sub-dimensions predicted geometry success. Research Methods: This study was designed in accordance with a qualitative, scanning model. The research was carried out with 232 (97 males and 135 females) prospective teachers who studied in Mathematics Education Program at Firat University, Education Faculty, and were selected by simple random sampling method. “Visual Mathematics Literacy Perception Scale” and “Geometry Success Test” were employed in this study as data collection tools. Correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were used for analyzing the data. Findings: After the data were analyzed, it was determined that there was a positive relationship between the visual mathematics literacy perception and geometry success of prospective teachers. It was also determined that visual mathematics literacy perception is a meaningful predictor of geometry success. Implications for research and practice: Providing trainings on these concepts in the direction of the results, to investigate the concept of perception on other learning areas of mathematics and conducting experimental studies on the perception of visual mathematics literacy are suggested.
AtıfScopus5WoS2OpenAlex7TR Dizin2
İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2019Uptake of some elements with aquatic plants exposed to the effluent of wastewater treatment plant
Tatar, S.; Öbek, E.; Arslan Topal, E.I.; Topal, M.
In this study, in the removal of macro (P, S, Na, K, Ca, Mg) and micro (Sb, Ba, Co, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mn, Hg, Mo, Se, Ag, Zn) elements in the effluent of Elazig Wastewater Treatment Plant, the efficiency of Lemna minor L. and Lemna gibba L. has been studied comparatively. For this aim, fronds of these plants have been adapted to the effluent of the treatment plant that feeds pilot scale reactors. The concentrations of elements in fronds harvested during the working period were analyzed by ICP/MS. The analytical results show that Lemna minor L. has a high accumulation potential for P, Sb, Ba, Co, Fe, Pb, Mn, Hg, Ag and Zn while Lemna gibba L. has a high accumulation potential for S, Na, Ca, Mg, Cu, Mo and Se. The results show that Lemna minor L. and Lemna gibba L. can be used as phytoremediators of wastewater.
AtıfScopus10OpenAlex6İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2019Scopus SJRQ2Evaluation of health risks from exposure to arsenic and heavy metals through consumption of ten fish species
Varol, Memet; Kaya, Gülderen Kurt; Sünbül, Muhammet Raşit
In this study, the levels of 11 heavy metal(loid)s (HMs) were determined in ten different fish species (wild, farmed, freshwater, and marine) frequently consumed in Turkey and compared with the maximum permissible limits (MPLs) established by international standards. Also, human health risks for the consumers were assessed. Among 11 HMs, only Al and Cr levels did not show significant differences among fish species. The highest concentrations of As were found in red mullet, which is a demersal fish. The average concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, and Pb in all fish species were below the MPLs, whereas those of Zn in European anchovy and Mediterranean horse mackerel, and that of inorganic As in red mullet exceeded the MPLs. The highest and lowest toxic metal contents (Al, As, Cd, and Pb) were recorded in red mullet and farmed rainbow trout, respectively. The estimated daily intakes of HMs in each fish species were very lower than their corresponding tolerable daily intakes, suggesting the daily intake of HMs through fish consumption would not pose health risks for the consumers. The target hazard quotient for individual HMs and hazard index for combined HMs in fish species were below 1, which indicated that non-carcinogenic health effects are not expected. The carcinogenic risk results revealed that there was a carcinogenic risk from exposure to inorganic As via the consumption of red mullet. Among all investigated fish species, rainbow trout and common carp were safer in terms of both non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks from exposure to HMs.
AtıfScopus72WoS63OpenAlex82
İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2019Scopus SJRQ1Pythagorean fuzzy VIKOR-based approach for safety risk assessment in mine industry
Gul, Muhammet; Ak, M. Fatih; Guneri, Ali Fuat
Introduction: Underground mining is considered one of the most hazardous industries and is often associated with serious work-related fatalities; this paper addresses job-related hazards and associated risks. Method: A risk assessment approach is proposed (Pythagorean fuzzy environment) and a case study is carried out in an underground copper and zinc mine. Results: Results of the study demonstrate that hazards can be categorized into different risk levels via compromised solutions of the fuzzy approach. Conclusion: The study provides a theoretical contribution by suggesting a Pythagorean fuzzy numbers-based VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (PFVIKOR) approach. Moreover, it contributes to improving overall safety levels of underground mining by considering and advising on the potential hazards of risk management. Practical applications: The proposed approach will improve the existing safety risk assessment mechanism in underground copper and zinc mining.
AtıfScopus184WoS156OpenAlex180İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2019Scopus SJRQ3Optimization of medical waste routing problem: The case of TRB1 region in Turkey
Mete, Suleyman; Serin, Faruk
A fundamental problem concerning medical waste disposal is the evaluation of the real and potential risks arising from waste with the focus on the risk of infection. Therefore, the optimization of medical waste routing from collection to disposal center can minimize the risk of infection. The routing of medical waste considers significant to determine potential routes and select the route with minimum distance. The management of the medical waste is important decision for environmental sustainability and includes the collection, transportation and disposal of these materials. In this paper, a geographic information system (GIS) solution approach is proposed to determine the best location of disposal center. Proposed approach is applied to medical waste transportation between 167 health institutions (collection centers) and predetermined 5 disposal centers through TRB1 region in Turkey, which consist of Malatya, Elazığ, Bingöl and Tunceli provinces. The results of case study are examined and suggestions for future research are provided.
AtıfScopus7OpenAlex7İncele - MakaleYayıncıda açık erişim2019Scopus SJRQ3An integrated best-worst and interval type-2 fuzzy TOPSIS methodology for green supplier selection
Yucesan, Melih; Mete, Suleyman; Serin, Faruk; Celik, Erkan; Gul, Muhammet
Supplier selection is one of the most important multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problems for decision-makers in the competitive market. Today's organizations are seeking new ways to reduce the negative effects they have on the environment and to achieve a greener system. Currently, the concept of green supplier selection has gained great importance for its ability to incorporate environmental or green criteria into classical supplier selection practices. Therefore, in this study, a multi-phase MCDM model based on the best-worst method (BWM) and the interval type-2 fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (IT2F TOPSIS) is proposed. A case study in a plastic injection molding facility in Turkey was carried out to show the applicability of the proposed integrated methodology. The paper offers insights into decision-making, methodology, and managerial implications. Results of the case study are examined and suggestions for future research are provided.
AtıfScopus93WoS85OpenAlex98İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2018Kırmızı biber püresinin verim ve kalitesine mikrodalga ısıtmanın etkisi
Taştan, Özge; Bozkir, Hamza; Baysal, Taner; Rayman Ergün, Ahsen
Bu çalışmada kırmızı biber püresinin verim ve kalitesi üzerine konvansiyonel ısıtma tekniğine alternatif olarak mikrodalga ısıtma tekniği uygulanmıştır. Mikrodalga ısıtma uygulaması verim ve çıkış sıcaklığı cevap olacak şekilde yanıt yüzey metodu ile optimize edilmiştir. Mikrodalga ısıtma uygulamasının yanıt yüzey metodu ile optimum koşulları 900 W güç ve 6.52 rpm akış hızı olarak saptanmıştır. Bu optimum çalışma koşullarında verim ve çıkış sıcaklığı %76.76 ve 95 °C olarak bulunmuştur. Konvansiyonel ısıtma uygulaması da mikrodalga ısıtmada ulaşılan aynı sıcaklık derecesinde 95°C ve 9 dk olarak yürütülmüştür. Sonuç olarak mikrodalga ısıtma uygulaması ile verimde %8.07, pektin içeriğinde %17.75, C vitamin içeriğinde %20.6 artış saptanmıştır
- MakaleYalnız künye2018Gökkuşağı Alabalığı (Oncorhynchus mykiss)’nın kalitesi ve dondurulmuş depolama stabilitesi üzerine karanfil yağının etkisi
Kuzgun, Nermin Karaton; Özpolat, Emine; Çoban, Özlem Emir
The present study evaluated clove oil (0.5% and 1%v/w) use as a natural preservative on the quality of frozen rainbow trout fillets during of six months. Vacuum packed samples were stored at -18 ˚C. Microbiological parameters (total anaerobe, psychrophilic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, mold-yeast) and sensory quality (odour, color and texture) were determined during the storage period. Microbial growth was high over a period of frozen storage for control samples. The existence of clove oil demonstrated to develop the sensory quality of frozen rainbow trout fillets when used in combination with vacuum pack. According to our results, clove oil as natural protective and influential antibacterial can be used in conjunction with vacuum pack to augment frozen stored rainbow trout quality
AtıfTR Dizin2İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2018Shelf life of rainbow trout fillets hot smoking with different sauces
Kuzgun, Nermin Karaton; İnanlı, Ayşe Gürel; Özpolat, Emine; Çoban, Özlem Emir
Çalışmada, gökkuşağı alabalıklarından (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum 1792) füme ürünler hazırlanmıştır. Farklı soslar ilave edilen füme balıklar, önemli miktarda üretim potansiyeli ve lezzetli bir balık olan alabalık tüketiminde bir artışı hedefleyerek hazırlanmıştır. Çalışmada farklı soslar uygulanarak 4 grup (A, B, C ve D) elde edilmiştir. Örnekler, muhafaza süresince buzdolabı koşullarında (+4 ºC) muhafazaya alınmıştır. Bu araştırmada, ürünlerin muhafaza kalitesini ve raf ömrünü etkileyen kimyasal değişikliklerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma 2 tekerrürlü ve analizler 3 paralelli olarak yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, çalışmamızda hazırlanan tütsülenmiş örneklerin, kimyasal, mikrobiyolojik ve duyusal özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler değerlendirildiğinde örneklerin raf ömrü, A grubu için 14 gün, B grubu için 28 gün, C grubu için 21 gün ve D grubu için 35 gün olarak belirlenmiştir
- MakaleYalnız künye2018Scopus SJRQ3Anesthetic Efficiency of 2-Phenoxyethanol on Broodstock of Salmo munzuricus, a New Trout Species Originating from Munzur Stream
Karataş, Bilal; Basusta, Asiye; Can, Erkan
Salmo munzuricus Munzur Vadisi Milli Parkı boyunca akan akarsularda yayılım gösteren yeni isimlendirilmiş bir alabalık türüdür. Bu çalışmada, anestetik madde olarak kullanılan 2-fenoksietanolün etkinliği Munzur akarsuyundan yakalanan yerli kahverengi alabalık üzerinde değerlendirilmiştir. Balıklar, 100-200 g (W1), 200-400 g (W2) ve 400-600 g (W3) olmak üzere üç ağırlık sınıfına ayrılmıştır ve çalışma 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 ve 0.5 mL L-1 olmak üzere 4 farklı anestetik konsantrasyonda yürütülmüştür. En kısa indüksiyon zamanı W3 grubunda, en uzun indüksiyon zamanı W1 grubunda bulunmuştur. En kısa anesteziden uyanma süresi W3 grubunda 73.2±3.83 sn sonra ortaya çıkmış ve en uzun uyanma süresi W1 grubunda 136±31.46 sn olarak tespit edilmiştir. W1 grubundaki 2-fenoksietanol konsantrasyonunun artması ile iyileşme süreleri artış göstermiştir. Bununla birlikte, W2 ve W3 gruplarındaki uyanma sürelerinin, W1 grubunda gözlemlenenden genellikle anlamlı derecede daha uzun olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca balık büyüklüğünün indüksiyon sürelerini ve uyanma sürelerini etkilediği de tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın sonucu olarak, 2-fenoksietanol için Salmo munzuricus anaçlarında en uygun konsantrasyonlar 100-400 g ağırlık aralığında 0.4 mL L-1, 400-600 g aralığında ise 0.5 mL L-1 olarak belirlenmiştir
AtıfTR Dizin1İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2018Prediction of maximum relative out-of- plane displacement of infill wall exposed to shake table by using artificial neural network models
Gul, Muhammet; Onat, Onur
This paper aims to present forecasting of relative out-of-plane displacement, failure mode and failure limit of reinforced concrete frame enclosure with infill wall by artificial neural network (ANN) models. For this purpose, two shake table experiment test results were evaluated. Model-I is unreinforced brick model and Model-II is composed of infill wall with bed joint reinforcement. After a certain acceleration level, accelerometers are detached from the cracked wall surface in order not to be damaged. These instrument detachments cause data missing. Missing relative maximum out-of-plane displacements were predicted by ANN models. Moreover, failure of infill wall through out-of-plane direction is also predicted at 0,79g acceleration level for both models (Model-I and Model-II). This study proves that ANN based procedure predict robust results to estimate missing experimental data
- MakaleAçık Erişim2018Scopus SJRQ4The Effect of Naringenin on Oxidative Stress in Some Tissues (Heart, Lung, Brain, Spleen, Muscle) of Lead-treated Rats
Benzer, Fulya; Dağ, Üzeyir; Erişir, Mine; Özkaya, Ahmet
Naringenin, a flavonoid increases resistance against oxidative stress. The present study aims to investigate the effect of lead on lipid peroxidasyonu and some antioxidants in heart, lung, brain, spleen, muscle and the effect of naringenin on these parameters. Naringenin was administered by orogastric gavage (50 mg/kg, dissolved in corn oil) and lead acetate was given as daily 500 parts per million in drinking water for 4 weeks. In the rats exposed to lead, MDA levels in the brain, lungs, spleen and muscle tissues significantly increased (P<0.001), in the heart tended to increase but not significantly (P>0.05). Lead caused a statistically significant decrease in GSH-Px activity of the brain, spleen and muscle tissues, in CAT activity of the heart, lung and muscle tissues, in GSH concentration of the lungs and muscle tissues (P<0.05). The administration of alone naringenin caused a statistically significant decrease in MDA levels in the heart and muscle, but a significant increase in the lung (P<0.05). Although increased MDA levels in the heart, lungs, brain, muscle and spleen tissues were significantly decreased by use of the naringenin together with lead (P<0.05), increased MDA levels in the lungs and spleen tissues could not be recovered to the normal level. Generally the decreased GSH-Px and CAT activities in these tissues due to lead were significanly increased by naringenin supplementation (P<0.05). In addition, the reduced GSH levels in lung and muscle, the inceased GSH levels in heart with effect of lead were returned to the normal by naringenin. Lead particularly causes to an increase in lipid peroxidation by consuming antioxidants of cells. Naringenin was able to prevent as tissue-specific (brain, muscle) the oxidative stress caused by lead.
AtıfOpenAlex2TR Dizin2İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2018Analysis of Frictionless Contact Problem for A Weighted Layer on An Elastic Half Plane Using FEM
Polat, Alper; Kaya, Yusuf; Özşahin, Talat Şükrü
In this study, a comparative analysis of the continuous contact problem of a homogeneous layer loaded by two rigid flat blocks and resting on elastic half plane is investigated using the finite element method (FEM). The results obtained from the elasticity solution are compared with FEM solutions. Also in this problem, it is assumed that the all surfaces are frictionless. Two dimensional finite element analysis of the problem is carried out using ANSYS Mechanical APDL. The analyzes are performed for different loading conditions of Q and P loads. Initial separation load and initial separation points (xcr, λcr) and normal stresses (σy) between the homogenous layer and the elastic half plane are determined. The obtained results are shown in graphs and tables.
AtıfTR Dizin3İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2018A Sociological Analysis of The Themes of Education, Religion and Science in Krzysztof Kieslowski’s Film “Dekalog - Jeden”
Çobanoğlu, Yavuz
This study is based upon a sociological analysis of the film Dekalog -Jeden by the Polish director Krzysztof Kieslowski. Especially in last years, there is an observable increase in the number of academic works on sociological elements in cinema. Furthermore, cinema as a depository of image and meaning, gradually moves toward the center of sociological curiosity. Therefore, social realities that are touched upon by subjects like education, religion and science that occur within this film, will be the main points of focus of this study. The subject of analysis of this article will also be interpreted in three stages: 1. An evaluation of the relation between image and meaning; reasons for preference of the method of discourse analysis in an analysis of cinema sociology and its analytical uses. 2. Certain basic characteristics of Krzysztof Kieslowski’s cinema and a preliminary analysis of the sociological themes in other films of the director. 3. An interpretation of the language and discourses in the film Dekalog - Jeden in the light of findings reached through selected themes, their comparative analysis and a brief discussion of certain findings in the conclusion.
AtıfTR Dizin1İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim20181965 Erzurum (Tekman, Cat, Ilıca, Hınıs) Measles Outbreak
Zengin, Ersoy; Küçükuğurlu, Murat
Studies on epidemic diseases in Turkey's recent history show that measles and the damage done by this disease are not adequately covered. As can be seen in the example of Erzurum, the disease, which caused massive child deaths in the late Ottoman period, did not come to an end in the first years of the Republic, but as late as 1965, especially in the southern provinces of Erzurum, hundreds of children had died. In February and March 1965, measles outbreaks in Erzurum's Tekman, Çat, Hınıs and Ilıca districts resulted in the deaths of hundreds of children in a short time. There was a violent winter in Erzurum that year; roads were closed due to snow and food and medicare aid was not available for weeks. At the time of this catastrophe, the reasons for measles disease and the remedies for the disease were discussed in national and local newspapers. There were discussions on various administrative and social issues such as malnutrition, which is called "hidden hunger", lack of health services, lack of child care knowledge, bureaucratic insensitivity, lack of transportation and communication possibilities. When studies on infectious and epidemic diseases are examined; the devastation caused by the measles disease in the Turkish society has not been adequately addressed. In this article; how the 1965 measles outbreak, which resulted in death of nearly 300 children, occurred, the helping efforts, the causes of death, and the impact on the society will be investigated.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2018Türkiye-suriye ilişkilerinde bir kırılma noktası: ekim 1998 krizi veya diğer bir ifadeyle “ilan edilmemiş savaş”
Gökcan, Özkan
Türkiye-Suriye ilişkilerinin son 40 yıllık seyrine baktığımızda en önemlikırılma anlardan birinin 1998 yılının Ekim ayında yaşandığını söylemekmümkündür. 1990’lı yılların ilk yarısında imzalanan güvenlik protokollerinerağmen Suriye’nin PKK faaliyetlerine desteğini sürdürmesi ve AbdullahÖcalan’ın Suriye topraklarında ikamet ediyor olması, 1998 sonbaharındaiki ülkeyi savaşın eşiğine getirmiştir. Ekim 1998 Krizi’nin AdanaMutabakatı’nın imzalanması ile son bulması, iki ülke ilişkilerinde yeni birdönemin kapılarının aralanmasına neden olmuştur. Bu çalışmada PKK faaliyetlerininTürkiye-Suriye ilişkilerinde oynadığı inşa edici rol, Ekim 1998Krizi üzerinden analiz edilmektedir. Ekim 1998 Krizi’nin Suriye yönetimininPKK faaliyetlerine destek vermeyeceğini resmen taahhüt ederek sonlanması,iki ülke ilişkilerinde uzlaşmazlıktan her alanda işbirliği dönemine geçişinbaşlangıç noktası olmuştur. Bu nedenle Ekim 1998 Krizi’ni bir kırılmanoktası olarak değerlendirmek mümkündür.
AtıfOpenAlex3TR Dizin3İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2018İrade-i milliye ve hâkimiyet-i milliye gazetelerine göre suriye’de arap-fransız çatışması (1919-1920)
Yedek, Şahin; Sertel, Savaş
Birinci Dünya Savaşı’ndan sonra Osmanlı Devleti parçalanmış ve Ortadoğu yeniden şekillenmiştir. Bu şekillenmenin mimarı İngiltere ve Fransa olmuştur. Özellikle İngiltere savaş sonrasında Süveyş Kanalı’nı elinde tutarak Hindistan odaklı sömürge imparatorluğunu daha çok güçlendirmiştir. Ayrıca petrol merkezi olan Arap topraklarını da Sykes-Picot Anlaşması ile Fransızlarla paylaşmıştır. Savaştan önce Osmanlı Devleti’ne karşı savaşmaları karşılığında Araplara vaat edilen Arap Krallığı sözde tasarısı ise en başta olduğu yere geri dönmüş, yani çöpe atılmıştır.Savaştan sonra İngilizler Şerif Hüseyin’in oğlu Faysal’ı Suriye Kralı ilan etmiştir. Suriye’nin Sykes-Picot Anlaşması ile petrol bölgeleri olan Musul ve Kerkük’e karşılık Fransızlara bırakılması hoşnutsuzluk yaratmıştır. Siyasi manevraları iyi bilen İngilizler yeraltı ve yerüstü kaynakları sömürerek halkla çatışmaya girmemiştir. İngilizlerin aksine siyasi manevralarda iyi olmayan Fransızlar, Suriye’de halkın inanç ve kültürüne müdahale etmiş, Ermenileri Fransız üniforması giydirerek orduda kullanmıştır. Fransızların bu tutumlarına karşısında bağımsızlık isteyen Suriyeliler artmış ve Fransızlarla açıkça çatışmalara girilmeye başlanmıştır. Anadolu’da ulusal bir Türk devleti kurmak isteyen Mustafa Kemal ve arkadaşları da Suriye’deki Fransız karşıtı bağımsızlık hareketlerine destek vererek, Suriye’den gelen bağımsızlık taraftarları ile Ankara’da görüşmüştür. Ayrıca Anadolu’dan Suriye bağımsızlık taraftarlarına gıda, lojistik ve silah yardımı yapılmıştır.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2018Tunceli İlindeki Trafik Kazası Oranlarının İncelenmesi
Zengin, Bilgin; Arslannur, Bircan
Bu çalışmada, Tunceli ilinde 2012 - 2016 yılları arasında meydana gelen trafik kazası sayıları ile bu kazalardaki ölü ve yaralı sayıları incelenmiş, sonuçlar Türkiye oranlarıyla karşılaştırılmıştır. İncelenen yıllarda araç başına düşen kaza, ölüm ve yaralı yüzdelik oranları belirlenmiştir. Anlamlı bir değerlendirme yapabilmek için yüzdelik oranların ortalamaları dikkatlice hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca incelenen yıllar için Tunceli ilinin ve Türkiye’nin kişi başına düşen araç sayıları belirlenmiş ve sonraki analizler için ortalamaları hesaplanmıştır. Buradan Türkiye’de kişi başına düşen araç sayısının Tunceli ili ortalamasından 2.83 kat büyük olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu durumun aksine araç başına düşen kaza yüzdelik ortalamalarına bakıldığında ise; Tunceli ili oranının Türkiye geneli oranından 2.33 kat daha büyük olduğu görülmektedir. Buna paralel olarak, araç başına düşen ölü ve yaralı yüzdelik oran ortalamalarının da Türkiye geneli ortalamalarından sırasıyla 2.67 ve 2.77 kat daha büyük olduğu görülmüştür. Diğer yandan, Tunceli ilinde kişi başına düşen araç sayısının Türkiye ortalamasından çok düşük olmasına rağmen kaza, ölüm ve yaralı oranlarının büyük oluşunun nedenleri de araç cinsi bakımından incelenmiştir. Bu açıdan bakıldığında, Tunceli ili ve Türkiye için toplu taşıma (otobüs + minibüs) araçlarının genel araç toplamı yüzdelerinin sırasıyla %9.94 ve %3.45 olduğu hesaplanmıştır. Buradan Tunceli ilinin toplu taşıma araçları oranının Türkiye geneli oranından 2.88 kat daha büyük olduğu görülmektedir. Bu değerler bize Tunceli ilindeki trafik kazalarının toplu taşıma araçları ile yapılma olasılığının daha büyük olduğunu göstermektedir. Böylece, elde ettiğimiz bu veriler Tunceli ilindeki kazalarda ölü ve yaralı oranlarının Türkiye ortalamasından yaklaşık 3 kat büyük olması durumunu açıklamaktadır.
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