Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
Yazarlar
- Demir, Veysel(7)
- Dikici, Abdullah(6)
- Kayim, Murathan(4)
- Aksu, Onder(3)
- Boztug, Ali(3)
- Can, Erkan(3)
- Kizak, Volkan(3)
- Kocabas, Mehmet(3)
- Yaman, Mehmet(3)
- Yildirim, N. C.(3)
- Yildirim, Numan(3)
- Önal, Ayten Oztufekci(3)
- Arslan, Ali(2)
- Ates, Mehmet(2)
- Badem, Candan(2)
- Baskonus, Haci Mehmet(2)
- Benzer, F.(2)
- Bolayir, Giray(2)
- Bulut, Hasan(2)
- Calicioglu, Mehmet(2)
- Danabas, Durali(2)
- Demirbilek, Deniz(2)
- Derin, Neslihan(2)
- Duran, Tuba Cakmak(2)
- Düsükcan, Muhammet(2)
- Erecevit, Pinar(2)
- Ergin, Sezai(2)
- Eristi, Huseyin(2)
- Gulec, Azime Kucukgul(2)
- Gün, Servet(2)
- Gündogdu, Hande(2)
- Güner, Yusuf(2)
- Güven, Mehmet(2)
- Harlioglu, Ayse Gul(2)
- Harlioglu, Muzaffer Mustafa(2)
- Ilhak, Osman Irfan(2)
- Kandemir, F. M.(2)
- Keser, Serhat(2)
- Kirbag, Sevda(2)
- Koluman, Ahmet(2)
Yayınlar
- MakaleAçık Erişim2013Scopus SJRQ1Effect of Tween 20 on antibacterial effects of acidic, neutral and alkaline decontaminants on viability of Salmonella on chicken carcasses and survival in waste decontamination fluids
Dikici, Abdullah; Arslan, Ali; Yalcin, Halil; Ozdemir, Pinar; Aydin, Isil; Calicioglu, Mehmet
The effect of Tween 20 on antimicrobial effects of acidic (lactic acid), neutral (cetyl pyridinium chloride) and alkaline (trisodium phosphate) decontaminants to reduce the numbers of Salmonella inoculated to broiler carcasses were studied. In addition, survival of Salmonella in waste decontamination fluids was investigated. For this purpose, an average of 7 +/- 1 log(10) cfu/ml Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium cocktail was surface-inoculated on to a total of 110 broiler carcasses. Contaminated carcasses were immersed in to tap water (control), lactic acid (LA) (1-2%), cetyl pyridinium chloride (CPC) (0.5-1%), or trisodium phosphate (TSP) (8%) and the combinations of these treatments with Tween 20 (TW20) (0.5%) for 15 min. Results indicated that. Salmonella numbers significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in all groups, except control and 1% LA. No significant difference was found between treatments with and without TW20. In waste decontamination fluids, 6.68 and 3.41 log(10) cfu/ml of Salmonella were recovered from control and CPC groups, respectively, while no viable Salmonella cell was detected in LA and TSP groups by direct plating. It was concluded that regardless of TW20, the antimicrobials tested were effective to reduce Salmonella in poultry carcasses. However, the pathogen may survive in neutral waste decontamination fluid such as CPC and can pose a risk for consumer health by contaminating the plant environment. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
AtıfWoS11OpenAlex14
İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2013Scopus SJRQ2Amine-modified maleic anhydride containing terpolymers for the adsorption of uranyl ion in aqueous solutions
Simsek, Selcuk; Yilmaz, Ersen; Boztug, Ali
Maleic anhydride-styrene-methyl methacrylate (MA-S-MM) terpolymer was prepared. It was modified by ethylenediamine (EDA) and diethylenetriamine (DETA) in order to get cross-linked polymers bearing carboxyl and amine groups. Modified polymers used as an adsorbent for the removal of UO2 (2+) from water. The characterizations of structures of all the polymers were performed by Fourier transform infrared. The adsorptive features of adsorbents were then investigated for UO2 (2+) in view of dependency on ion concentration, pH, temperature and kinetics. Experimentally obtained isotherms were evaluated with reference to Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich models. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for UO2 (2+) was found to be 1.59 and 2.43 mol kg(-1) for EDA-MA-S-MM and DETA-MA-S-MM, respectively. It can be said that the new modified polymers prepared in our laboratory have been suggested as new adsorbents for uranyl ions.
AtıfWoS27İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2013Scopus SJRQ2Effect of Body Condition Score on Biochemical Milk Parameters having Economic Importance in Dairy Goat during the First Month of Postpartum Period
Cimen, Murat; Topcu, Hakan
The data were collected from 20 Turkish Saanen goats raised in Ismailli village of Tunceli Province during first four weeks of postpartum period. In the research, 10 goats having BCS 1 and 10 goats having BCS 2 were used. The dams in BCS 1 group had showed lower milk fat content as compared to dams in BCS 2 group until third week. The total solids and protein levels of goats did not differ between BCS 1 and BCS 2 groups during all weeks of research We found positive high correlations between total solids and protein (r=0.997; p<0.01) in BCS 1 group and BCS2 group (r=0.9998; p<0.01) Similar correlations were found for both BCS group in study. From our results, the lower BCS has negative significant influence on the milk fat synthesis for dams having low fat depots. (c) 2013 Friends Science Publishers
AtıfWoS7İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2013Scopus SJRQ3Determination of lethal concentration (LC50) values of Cinnamomum zeylanicum hydrosol on carp fish
Gulec, Kucukgul A.; Altinterim, B.; Aksu, O.
In this study, lethal concentration (LC50) values of cinnamon hydrosol (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) on carp (Cyprinus carpio) were investigated. In practice, experimental setup was constituted 30 fish (a total of 180 fish with 30 control fish) to be placed in three replicates. Hydrosol was added into aquariums at the doses of 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5 and 10% and determined mortality times of carp exposed to these concentrations. Percentage death of fish calculated in these concentrations. Mortality was observed at all treatments exception of dose of 0.5 %. The results indicate that the hydrosol had swimming changes, lethargy, lack of breath and leaning to the depth of the aquariums at all of the concentrations. The results of regression analysis indicated that the mortality rate (Y) is positively correlated the concentration (X) having a regression coefficient (R) close to one in each case. While the 1 h LC50 value (with 95% confidence limits) of the safe dose of C. zeylanicum hydrosol was estimated at LC50=4.39%, 2 h LC50 value=2.629%, and 12 h LC50 value= 1.027%.
AtıfWoS10İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2013Scopus SJRQ4Occurrence and Assessment of Chemical Contaminants in Drinking Water in Tunceli, Turkey
Demir, Veysel; Ergin, Sezai
The objective of this study was to analyze drinking water samples from 21 sites in the city center and seven municipalities of Tunceli, Turkey, in order to determine the presence of nitrate, nitrite, fluoride, bromate, pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), trihalomethanes (THMs), and some other chemicals. In all locations, the concentrations of chemicals investigated were below the permissible limits set by local and international organizations for drinking water. Low levels of nitrate (4.79 +/- 4.20 mg/L), fluoride (0.11 +/- 0.08 mg/L), and THMs (6.63 +/- 5.14 mu g/L) were detected in all locations. A low level of tetra, chloroethane, which is suspected to be a human carcinogen, was also detected in 8 locations in the range of 0.26-0.43 mu g/L. These contaminants may pose adverse health effects or minimum hazard due to long-term exposure. In all locations, bromate, benzene, total PAH, 1-2 dichloroethane, vinyl chloride, acrylamide, and epichloridine levels in drinking water samples were under detection limits.
AtıfWoS9OpenAlex11İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2013Scopus SJRQ4Adsorption of the 2,2-Dichlorovinylphosphate on Raw and Modified Bentonites
Yönten, Vahap; Kubilay, Senol
This study aims to investigate the adsorption of the 2,2-dichlorovinylphosphate (DDVP) on raw and modified bentonite via high pressure liquid chromatography and infrared spectroscopy. The modified bentonites were prepared by adding HNO3 and Na2CO3. The Freundlich adsorption isotherm defines 2,2-dichlorovinylphosphate adsorption in aqueous and aqueous ethanol solutions through raw and modified bentonite. Variables such as temperature, time and pH were observed on 2,2-dichlorovinylphosphate adsorption. Then the capacity for maximum 2,2-dichlorovinylphosphate adsorption was measured on modified bentonite with HNO3 under the conditions of pH 3 and 40 degrees C. The modified bentonite with Na2CO3 clay used in experimental work played a major role on the adsorption of 2,2-dichlorovinylphosphate; thus modified bentonite with Na2CO3 is considered to possess better characteristics than modified bentonite with HNO3 and raw bentonite. The Freundlich isotherms of modified bentonite with Na2CO3 in aqueous-ethanol solution were found to be better than isotherms of aqueous solution for a much better 2,2-dichlorovinylphosphate adsorption.
AtıfOpenAlex1İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2013Scopus SJRQ3Leslie Population Estimation for Turkish Crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus Esch., 1823) in the Keban Dam Lake, Turkey
Yüksel, Fahrettin; Demirol, Ferhat; Gündüz, Fatih
The population size was researched by using Leslie method on the zones of Keban Dam Lake where crayfish is fished for commercial purposes. The data were compiled by using effort expended and catch obtained by 28 fishing boats during 2012 crayfish fishing season. 28 fishing boats fished 16,867 kilograms of crayfish during the fishing season by using 45,600 pieces of crayfish fyke nets. It is determined that the quantity catch per unit effort (CPUE) varies between 2.74 to 6.35 kg/100 fyke nets/week during the 9 weeks fishing period. The population size at the beginning was estimated to be 28,450 kg (at minimum legal length of >= 10 cm). The 95% confidence interval of this estimation was calculated to be 25,607-32,533 kg. Similar researches on crayfish populations concluded that removal method can offer very important details.
AtıfWoS11OpenAlex13İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2013Scopus SJRQ3EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES, ELEMENTAL AND PHENOLIC CONTENTS COMPOSITION OF WILD NETTLE (Urtica dioica L.) FROM TUNCELI IN TURKEY
Yildirim, N. C.; Turkoglu, S.; Ince, O. K.; Ince, M.
Wild nettle (Urtica dioica L.) types were sampled from different geographical regions in Tunceli (Turkey) to determine their mineral, vitamin, phenolic contents and their antioxidant properties. The total phenol varied from 37.419 +/- 0.380 to 19.182 +/- 1.00 mg of GAEs g(-1) of dry nettle. The highest radical scavenging effect was observed in Mazgirt parting of the ways 7.5 km with 33.70 +/- 0.849 mg mL(-1). The highest reducing power was observed in the nettles from Mazgirt parting of the ways 7.5 km. Among the various macronutrients estimated in the plant samples, potassium was present in the highest quantity followed by calcium and phosphate. Kaempferol and resveratrol were not determined in some nettle samples but rutin levels were determined in all samples. Vitamin A concentrations were ranged between 13.64 +/- 1.90 and 5.74 +/- 1.00 (mg kg(-1) dry weight). These results show that Urtica dioica L. collected from Tunceli in Turkey could be considered as a natural alternative source for food, pharmacology and medicine sectors.
AtıfWoS11İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2013Scopus SJRQ1Geo-environmental site investigation for Tunceli, Turkey municipal solid waste disposal site
Önal, Ayten Oztufekci; Demirbilek, Deniz; Demir, Veysel
The environmental and geological condition of a current solid waste disposal site in the city of Tunceli, Turkey was investigated. Improper geological structure and soil properties of this unsanitary solid waste storage site as well as leachate from this site caused significant pollution in air, soil, and surface water. Natural soil characteristics and geology of the site are presented in this paper. Petrographic properties of vulcanized rubber rocks composed of tuff and volcanic sandstone at the bottom of storage sites and the mineralogical composition of the base composed of these rocks were examined. Permeability of the natural soil and index properties were determined using soil mechanics experiments (moisture content, specific gravity, Atterberg limit tests, sieve analysis, hydrometer analysis, falling-head permeability test, and standard proctor test) conducted on disturbed samples collected from excavated sites and the relationship between mineralogical composition and soil hydraulic behavior was investigated. Natural soil samples of six different parts of the site indicated that, the soil class in four samples is silty sands, sand-silt mixtures, one is clayey sands, sand-clay mixtures and one is clayey silts with slight plasticity. The values obtained using permeability tests for subsoil samples vary from 10(-5) to 10(-8) cm/s. Low permeability (10(-7) and 10(-8) cm/s) at the south part of the site increases to 10(-5) cm/s at the natural soil of the North side. Extensively faulted and fissured volcanic sandstone levels at the site give potential to waste leachate to reach deep levels. The soil composition, hydraulic conductivity, topographic conditions, and other location criteria in the current solid waste disposal site showed that the current disposal site is not suitable for this purpose. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
AtıfWoS5OpenAlex6İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2013Scopus SJRQ2The effect of dietary n-3 series fatty acids on the number of pleopadal egg and stage 1 juvenile in freshwater crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz
Harlioglu, Muzaffer Mustafa; Çakmak, Mehmet Nuri; Köprücü, Kenan; Aksu, Onder; Harlioglu, Ayse Gul; Yonar, Serpil Mise; Duran, Tuba Cakmak; Özcan, Sinan; Gündogdu, Hande
The effect of dietary n-3 series fatty acids on the number of pleopadal egg and stage 1 juvenile in freshwater crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus was investigated. Crayfish were fed with n-3 series fatty acids supplemented diets and a control diet for 251days. Control diet did not comprise additional n-3 series fatty acids. However, D2, D3 and D4 groups were supplemented with n-3 series fatty acids at 1%, 2% and 3% level respectively. Results showed the beneficial effects of dietary n-3 series fatty acids on the production of pleopodal egg and stage 1 juvenile number. At the end of the experiment, pleopodal egg (from 177 to 234) and stage 1 juvenile number (from 167 to 225) increased significantly with increased dietary n-3 series fatty acid level. In addition, an increase in dietary n-3 series fatty acids led to an increase in number of pleopodal egg and stage 1 juvenile produced per gram of female crayfish weight. It can be concluded that the reproductive efficiency of A. leptodactylus (i.e., pleopodal egg and stage 1 juvenile number) can be improved in controlled hatchery conditions by adding n-3 series fatty acid into the diet of this species.
AtıfWoS22OpenAlex26İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2013Scopus SJRQ3DETERMINATION OF FAT DEPRESSION IN MILK FROM MECHANICAL MILKING IN WINTER AND SUMMER SEASON
Cimen, M.; Yildirimi, S.; Cetin, M.; Tekelioglu, O.
This research was aimed to investigate the fat depression in milk from mechanical milking in winter and summer period. The data was collected from Mega Agricultural Enterprise by DIMES Company during winter and summer months. The milk fat levels in this study are consistent with normal values for cows. In summer months (July and August), the milk fat rates were lower than test value (3.2%). Therefore, it was concluded that low levels of milk fat (<3.2%) in July and August was closely associated with milk fat depression. Low fat levels in milk from machine milking for summer period can cause to economical loss since the milk price depends on milk fat levels. The cheese producers must be careful about fat depression in milk from machine milking in summer period for achieving maximum benefit. Further studies are needed to investigate on fat depression in milk from machine milking.
- MakaleYalnız künye2013Scopus SJRQ4Evaluation of Bacteriological Quality of Drinking Water in the City Center of Tunceli, Turkey
Demir, Veysel; Yildirim, Numan; Yildirim, Nuran Cikcikoglu; Ergin, Sezai; Cumurcu, Aysenur
The aim of this study was to evaluate the bacteriological contamination of drinking water in Tunceli, Turkey. For this purpose, the presence of total coliforms, Escherichia coli, and Enterococci was investigated at ten water sampling stations in the Tunceli province. The microbiological dataset of the ten stations were obtained from the Health Directorate of Tunceli for this study. Detection of E. coli and total coliform was performed using the membrane filtration method, Turkish Standards (TS) 9308- 1.(1) Enterococci were enumerated according to the TS 7899-2(2) method. Varying levels of bacterial contamination were recorded in samples from these ten stations. It was observed that bacterial contamination was highest in the village of Burmagecit. Results indicate that microbiological contaminations were found to be above the allowable amount for drinking waters given by the World Health Organization (WHO). Because of this, appropriate disinfection methods and regular quality control mechanisms must be implemented by the Health Directorate of Tunceli.
AtıfWoS1İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2013Scopus SJRQ2TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT STATUS AND ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITIES OF ENDEMIC GEOPHYTIC PLANTS COLLECTED FROM MUNZUR VALLEY IN TUNCELI, TURKEY
Yildirim, Nuran Cikcikoglu; Paksoy, Mehmet Yavuz; Yuce, Ebru; Yildirim, Numan
Total antioxidant status and antifungal activities of three endemic plants from the Munzur Valley in Tunceli, Turkey; Bellevalia gracilis Feinbrun, Muscari aucheri (Boiss.) Baker ve Tulipa armena Boiss. var. lycica (Baker) Marais were evaluated for the first time. Aqueous, hexanic, methanolic and ethanolic extracts were obtained from leaves and bulbs of B. gracilis, M. aucheri ve T. armena var. lycica. Total antioxidant status was determined by using TAS assay kit (Rel assay diagnostics). Antifungal assays were performed according to amended agar method against white rot fungus Coriolus versicolor. Among the plants tested, the leaves of B. gracilis exhibited highest total antioxidant status among all samples evaluated in this study. According to the results, M. aucheri plant exhibited the lowest antioxidant status. The results of this study showed that the aqueous leaf extract of T. armena var. lycica at a concentration 2.5% (w/v) suppressed significantly the radial growth of C. versicolor by 68.00%. It can be concluded that the plant species assayed possess antifungal and antioxidant properties.
AtıfWoS4İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2013Scopus SJRQ2Fault diagnosis system for series compensated transmission line based on wavelet transform and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system
Eristi, Huseyin
This paper proposes a new fault diagnosis approach based on combined wavelet transform and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system for fault section identification, classification and location in a series compensated transmission line. It performs an effective feature extraction approach based on norm entropy in order to obtain the features represented main frequency, harmonic and transient characteristics of the fault signals. The proposed method uses the samples of fault voltages and currents for one cycle duration from the inception of fault. The feasibility of the proposed method has been tested on a 400 kV, 300 km series compensated transmission line for all the ten types of faults using MATLAB/Simulink for a large data set of 23,436 fault cases comprising of all the 10 types of faults. Fault signals varying with fault resistance, fault inception angle, fault distance, load angle, percentage compensation level and source impedance are applied to the proposed algorithm. The results also indicate that the proposed method is robust to wide variation in system conditions and has higher fault diagnosis accuracy with regard to the other approaches in the literature for this problem. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
AtıfWoS82OpenAlex101İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2013Scopus SJRQ3THE USE OF LIVER ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSE SYSTEM OF CAPOETA UMBLA (HECKEL, 1843) AS BIOMARKER FOR MONITORING IN WATER QUALITY OF UZUNCAYIR DAM LAKE, TUNCELI, TURKEY
Yildirim, N. C.; Ergin, C.
Domestic wastewaters of Tunceli, are directly discharged to Munzur and Pulumur Rivers without any pre-purification process. The purpose of this study is to reveal the size of pollution caused by domestic wastewaters together with natural contamination by the drainage area of the Pulumur and Munzur Rivers and to monitor physiological changes in fish captured from Uzuncayir Dam Lake. In fish samples, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase activities and levels of glutathione and malondialdehyde were determined. Our studies showed that the antioxidant system of Capoeta umbla could be used as biomarker of exposure to aquatic pollutants in Uzuncayir Dam Lake.
AtıfWoS3İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2013Scopus SJRQ2Chemical fingerprints of Raki: a traditional distilled alcoholic beverage
Gueven, Alper
Fourteen brands of commercial Raki samples were analysed chemically and compared with two samples produced in a local distillery, according to traditional methods, to determine whether the raw materials ( grape or raisin) and distillation practices result in distinguishable chemical fingerprints in the final product. The samples were analysed with respect to the content of trans- anethol, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, higher alcohols and other volatiles, using gas chromatography. Principal component analysis showed that chemometric analysis could be used to distinguish between traditional and flavoured Raki products. Copyright (C) 2013 The Institute of Brewing & Distilling
AtıfWoS7OpenAlex11İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2013Scopus SJRQ3Age and Growth Properties of Acanthobrama marmid Heckel, 1843 Population Inhabiting Uzuncayir Damlake (Tunceli/Turkey)
Coban, Mehmet Zulfu; Yuksel, Fahrettin
This study was aimed to investigate the some growth properties of Acanthobrama marmid Heckel, 1843 population in Uzuncayir Dam Lake (Tunceli/Turkey) between May 2011 to September 2012. A total of 604 A. marmid samples (340 males and 264 females) were caught from Uzimcayir Darn Lake; the age composition of the specimens ranged between 1-9 years. The overall sex ratio (females/males) was 1:0.78. Total lengths of specimens ranged from 8.80-27.80 cm and weights ranged from 6.20-182.00 g. The von Bertalanffy growth parameters were L.-0= 28.25 cm, K = 0.26 year and to = -0.90 year for males andLc, = 28.49 cm, K = 0.23 year' and t(0) = -1.24 year for females. The length-weight relationship was found as W = 0.009 /T1,39 in males and W = 0.012x in females. The growth perforrnance index (0') values of males, females and all samples were 2.317, 2.271 and 2.301, respectively. The condition factor values varied between 0.61-1.30 for entire population.
AtıfWoS1İncele - Derleme MakaleYalnız künye2013Scopus SJRQ1Antimicrobial resistance of emerging foodborne pathogens: Status quo and global trends
Koluman, Ahmet; Dikici, Abdullah
Emerging foodborne pathogens are challenging subjects of food microbiology with their antibiotic resistance and their impact on public health. Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella spp. and Verotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC) are significant emerging food pathogens, globally. The decrease in supply and increase in demand lead developed countries to produce animal products with a higher efficiency. The massive production has caused the increase of the significant foodborne diseases. The strict control of food starting from farm to fork has been held by different regulations. Official measures have been applied to combat these pathogens. In 2005 EU declared that, an EU-wide ban on the use of antibiotics as growth promoters in animal feed would be applied on 1 January 2006. The ban is the final step in the phasing out of antibiotics used for non-medical purposes. It is a part of the Commission's strategy to tackle the emergence of bacteria and other microbes resistant to antibiotics, due to their overexploitation or misuse. As the awareness raises more countries banned application of antibiotics as growth promoter, but the resistance of the emerging foodborne pathogens do not represent decrease. Currently, the main concern of food safety is counter measures against resistant bugs.
AtıfWoS89OpenAlex112
İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2013Scopus SJRQ2THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS OF THYME (THYMUS VULGARIS LINNEAUS) AND FENNEL (FOENICULUM VULGARE MILLER) ESSENTIAL OILS IN INFECTED RAINBOW TROUT, ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS (WALBAUM)
Gulec, A. Kucukgul; Kucukgul, A.; Danabas, D.; Ural, M.; Seker, E.; Arslan, A.; Serdar, O.
The fish (84 +/- 1.02 g mean +/- SEM) were divided into 3 groups (N=15 in each group) as control (CNT), infected with Yersinia ruckeri (INF), and infected and essential oils (+EO). The CNT and INF groups were fed only with commercial fish feed. The +EO group was fed with feeds prepared with the rate of 10 ml herbal essential oils (mixed thyme and fennel) / 100 g feed during 21 days. The liver tissue (0.4 g) of fish was dissected in third day of the experimental period and mRNA transcription levels in liver tissue were determined by Real Time PCR analysis. INF and +EO groups exhibited decreased immunity against the challenging with Y. ruckeri infection (53.57 and 42.85 % mortality, respectively) when compared with CNT group (93.33 %). Gene mRNA transcription levels of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta), inducible nitric oxide synthesis (iNOS), serum amyloid A (SAA), that are responsible during the initiation and continuation of the inflammation increased in 1.86, 2.46, 1.62 and 55.7 fold change, respectively in INF group, whereas mRNA expressions of haptoglobin (Hp) decreased (1.2-fold change) in 3th day of experimental period. The +EO group eliminated the increase in all of the gene expressions.
AtıfWoS7İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2013Scopus SJRQ1THE SULTAN AND THE REBEL: SA'DUN AL-MANSUR'S REVOLT IN THE MUNTAFIQ, C. 1891-1911
Fattah, Hala; Badem, Candan
From 1891 to 1911, a disenfranchised shaykh of the Muntafiq tribe, Sa'dun al-Mansur, led a large uprising against Ottoman rule in southern Iraq. Feeling that he had been disinherited from properties that were his birthright, he fought battle after battle against rival family claimants, shaykhs in Arabia and the Gulf, and reformist Ottoman governors in Baghdad and Basra. This article analyzes Sa'dun's insurgency both within the context of his life and against the background of shifting socioeconomic and political events in Iraq, Arabia, and the Gulf at the turn of the 20th century. One of the last rebellions against Ottoman central authority in southern Iraq, the insurgency was also notable for the indirect but intriguing links between the rebel shaykh and his nominal overlord Sultan 'Abd al-Hamid II, who paid special attention to the rebel's fate.
AtıfWoS10OpenAlex5İncele